| 1. |
- Delegates, Global Neuroethics Summit, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroethics Questions to Guide Ethical Research in the International Brain Initiatives
- 2018
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Ingår i: Neuron. - : CELL PRESS. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 100:1, s. 19-36
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increasingly, national governments across the globe are prioritizing investments in neuroscience. Currently, seven active or in-development national-level brain research initiatives exist, spanning four continents. Engaging with the underlying values and ethical concerns that drive brain research across cultural and continental divides is critical to future research. Culture influences what kinds of science are supported and where science can be conducted through ethical frameworks and evaluations of risk. Neuroscientists and philosophers alike have found themselves together encountering perennial questions; these questions are engaged by the field of neuroethics, related to the nature of understanding the self and identity, the existence and meaning of free will, defining the role of reason in human behavior, and more. With this Perspective article, we aim to prioritize and advance to the foreground a list of neuroethics questions for neuroscientists operating in the context of these international brain initiatives.
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| 2. |
- Dudai, Yadin, et al.
(författare)
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To simulate or not to simulate : What are the questions?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neuron. - : Elsevier BV. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 84:2, s. 254-261
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation is a powerful method in science and engineering. However, simulation is an umbrella term, and its meaning and goals differ among disciplines. Rapid advances in neuroscience and computing draw increasing attention to large-scale brain simulations. What is the meaning of simulation, and what should the method expect to achieve? We discuss the concept of simulation from an integrated scientific and philosophical vantage point and pinpoint selected issues that are specific to brain simulation.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Neurocognitive Architecture of Working Memory
- 2015
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Ingår i: Neuron. - : CELL PRESS. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 88:1, s. 33-46
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A crucial role for working memory in temporary information processing and guidance of complex behavior has been recognized for many decades. There is emerging consensus that working-memory maintenance results from the interactions among long-term memory representations and basic processes, including attention, that are instantiated as reentrant loops between frontal and posterior cortical areas, as well as sub-cortical structures. The nature of such interactions can account for capacity limitations, lifespan changes, and restricted transfer after working-memory training. Recent data and models indicate that working memory may also be based on synaptic plasticity and that working memory can operate on non-consciously perceived information.
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| 4. |
- McGlone, Francis, et al.
(författare)
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Discriminative and Affective Touch: Sensing and Feeling.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neuron. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-4199 .- 0896-6273. ; 82:4, s. 737-755
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The multimodal properties of the human somatosensory system continue to be unravelled. There is mounting evidence that one of these submodalities-touch-has another dimension, providing not only its well-recognized discriminative input to the brain, but also an affective input. It has long been recognized that touch plays an important role in many forms of social communication and a number of theories have been proposed to explain observations and beliefs about the "power of touch." Here, we propose that a class of low-threshold mechanosensitive C fibers that innervate the hairy skin represent the neurobiological substrate for the affective and rewarding properties of touch.
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