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- Andlin-Sobocki, P, et al.
(författare)
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Cost of disorders of the brain in Europe
- 2005
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Ingår i: European journal of neurology. - : Wiley. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 1212 Suppl 1, s. 1-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Gudmundsson, Pia, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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White Matter Lesions and Temporal Lobe Atrophy Related to incidence of both Dementia and Major Depression in 70-year-olds followed over 10 years
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 22:5, s. 781-788
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background: A number of studies have suggested associations between dementia and depression in older adults. One reason could be that these disorders share structural correlates, such as white matter lesions (WMLs) and cortical atrophy. No study has examined whether these lesions precede both dementia and depression independently of each other in the general population. Methods: We investigated whether WMLs and cortical atrophy on computed tomography (CT) predict dementia and depression in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds (n=380) followed over 10 years. Exclusion criteria were dementia, major depression, history of stroke and a Mini-Mental State Examination score below 26 at baseline in 2000-01. Dementia was diagnosed according to DSM-III-R and depression according to DSM-5. Primary outcomes included dementia and major depression at 10-year follow-up. Results: Adjusted logistic regression models, including both WMLs and temporal lobe atrophy, showed that moderate-to-severe WMLs (OR 3.96, 95% CI 1.23-12.76) and temporal lobe atrophy (OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.13-7.60) predicted dementia during 10-year follow-up independently of major depression. Similarly, both moderate-to-severe WMLs (OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.25-11.76) and temporal lobe atrophy (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.06-5.96) predicted depression even after controlling for incident dementia. Conclusion: WMLs and temporal lobe atrophy preceded 10-year incidence of both dementia and depression in 70-year-olds. Shared structural correlates could explain the reported associations between dementia and depression. These brain changes may represent independent and complementary pathways to dementia and depression. Strategies to slow progression of vascular pathology and neurodegeneration could indirectly prevent both dementia and depression in older adults.
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- Olesen, J, et al.
(författare)
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The economic cost of brain disorders in Europe
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 19:1, s. 155-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In 2005, we presented for the first time overall estimates of annual costs for brain disorders (mental and neurologic disorders) in Europe. This new report presents updated, more accurate, and comprehensive 2010 estimates for 30 European countries.METHODS: One-year prevalence and annual cost per person of 19 major groups of disorders are based on 'best estimates' derived from systematic literature reviews by panels of experts in epidemiology and health economics. Our cost estimation model was populated with national statistics from Eurostat to adjust to 2010 values, converting all local currencies to Euros (€), imputing cost for countries where no data were available, and aggregating country estimates to purchasing power parity-adjusted estimates of the total cost of brain disorders in Europe in 2010.RESULTS: Total European 2010 cost of brain disorders was €798 billion, of which direct health care cost 37%, direct non-medical cost 23%, and indirect cost 40%. Average cost per inhabitant was €5.550. The European average cost per person with a disorder of the brain ranged between €285 for headache and €30 000 for neuromuscular disorders. Total annual cost per disorder (in billion € 2010) was as follows: addiction 65.7; anxiety disorders 74.4; brain tumor 5.2; child/adolescent disorders 21.3; dementia 105.2; eating disorders 0.8; epilepsy 13.8; headache 43.5; mental retardation 43.3; mood disorders 113.4; multiple sclerosis 14.6; neuromuscular disorders 7.7; Parkinson's disease 13.9; personality disorders 27.3; psychotic disorders 93.9; sleep disorders 35.4; somatoform disorder 21.2; stroke 64.1; and traumatic brain injury 33.0.CONCLUSION: Our cost model revealed that brain disorders overall are much more costly than previously estimated constituting a major health economic challenge for Europe. Our estimate should be regarded as conservative because many disorders or cost items could not be included because of lack of data.
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