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- Enefalk, Hanna, 1976-
(författare)
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Swedish alcohol consumption on the threshold of modernity : Legislation, attitudes, and national economy c. 1775-1855
- 2013
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 108:2, s. 265-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims We aimed to map the context of the large increase in vodka consumption in Sweden during the transition from early modern to modern times (c. 17751855). What were the attitudes to alcohol among the groups that dominated society, and how did these attitudes relate to contemporary legislation and socio-economic change? Methods Qualitative analysis of diaries and memoirs. Information was also collected from legislation, writings of the temperance movement and previous research. Findings During the period studied, attitudes to alcohol among the socio-economic elite were positive if the drinker was a person of standing, whereas drinking among the working population was scorned and, from the 1830s onwards, a cause for concern. Legislation was characterized by frequent and radical changes. Consumption levels are difficult to estimate: in the 1820s, agricultural overproduction, liberal legislation and improved distilling methods probably resulted in a major consumption increase. In 184653, permissive licensing laws and the industrialization of distilling similarly led to very high consumption levels. Conclusions In Sweden in the late 18th and early 19th centuries the social elite appears to have used alcohol as a tool in their negotiations with the working population but later, as the spread of wage labour and cheap vodka coincided with Sweden's largest ever population growth, the view that popular drinking must be checked gained support in leading circles.
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| 3. |
- Evans, Brittany, et al.
(författare)
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A latent class analysis of changes in adolescent substance use between 1988 and 2011 in Sweden : associations with sex and psychosomatic problems
- 2020
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 115:10, s. 1932-1941
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims To characterize changes in patterns of adolescent substance use in Sweden between 1988 and 2011, and to assess whether sex and psychosomatic problems were associated with substance use and whether these associations changed over time. Design Secondary analysis of repeated cross-sectional survey data. Survey data were collected eight times and analyzed as four cohorts (1988-91, 1995-98, 2002-05 and 2008-11). Setting and participants The sample included all 15-16-year-olds in Varmland County, Sweden (n = 20 057). Measurements Binary-coded substance use measures included life-time use of alcohol and tobacco, getting drunk and past school year use of inhalants. An eight-item scale was used to assess psychosomatic problems. Findings A three-class model fitted the data best (i.e. non/low use, mainly alcohol use and polysubstance use). The patterns of substance use were different among cohorts; most notably, adolescents in the last cohort had lower odds of being included in the alcohol and polysubstance use classes rather than the non/low use class than in the earlier cohorts (all Ps < 0.001). Males had higher odds than females of being in the polysubstance use class rather than the non/low use class among the first three cohorts (all Ps < 0.001) but not the last. Sex was not associated with inclusion in the alcohol use class rather than the non/low use class. Adolescents who reported more psychosomatic problems had higher odds of being included in the alcohol and polysubstance use classes rather than the non/low use class (all Ps < 0.001). The associations of sex and psychosomatic problems with class inclusion did not change during the study period. Conclusions Between 1988 and 2011, patterns of substance use among adolescents in Sweden shifted away from polysubstance use and alcohol use to non-use or low use. Associations between patterns of substance use and sex and psychosomatic problems remained largely consistent across the study period.
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