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- Lindström, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Smoking cessation among daily smokers, aged 45-69 years: a longitudinal study in Malmö, Sweden.
- 2002
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In: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 1360-0443 .- 0965-2140. ; 97:2, s. 205-215
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate differences in snuff consumption, socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics between baseline daily smokers who had remained daily smokers, become intermittent smokers or stopped smoking at the 1-year follow-up. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS: A population of 12 507 individuals aged 45-69 years, interviewed at baseline in 1992-94 and at a 1-year follow-up, was investigated in this longitudinal study. The three groups of baseline daily smokers were compared to the total population according to socio-demographic, psychosocial and snuff consumption characteristics. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess differences in psychosocial conditions, adjusting for age, sex, country of origin, marital status, education and snuff consumption. FINDINGS: Eighty-six per cent of all baseline daily smokers remained daily smokers, 6.5% had become intermittent smokers and 7.3% had stopped smoking at the 1-year follow-up. The daily smokers who remained daily smokers were more likely to be born in other countries than Sweden, not married, have a lower educational level and poorer psychosocial conditions than the total population, while the socio-demographic characteristics and psychosocial resources of those daily smokers who had become intermittent smokers or had stopped smoking were much more similar to the general population, with the exception of a higher snuff consumption, especially for intermittent smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Daily smokers who remained daily smokers at the 1-year follow-up had poorer psychosocial assets, especially social participation, than baseline daily smokers who had become intermittent smokers or had stopped smoking, and the general population. The results suggest that low levels of social participation are a potent barrier against smoking cessation. Snuff consumption may explain a part of the increase in smoking cessation among men as opposed to women in Sweden.
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| 2. |
- Lindström, Martin, et al.
(author)
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A life course perspective on economic stress and tobacco smoking: a population based study.
- 2013
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In: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 1360-0443 .- 0965-2140. ; 108:7, s. 1305-1314
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: To investigate the associations between economic stress in childhood and adulthood, and tobacco smoking, with reference to the accumulation, critical period and social mobility hypotheses from life-course epidemiology. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS/MEASUREMENTS: The 2008 public health survey in Skåne, Sweden is a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study based on a random sample which yielded 28,198 participants aged 18-80 (55% participation). Logistic regression models were used to investigate associations between economic stress in childhood and adulthood, and tobacco smoking. FINDINGS: A 17.4% prevalence of men and 19.1% of women reported tobacco smoking. Tobacco smoking was more prevalent among middle-aged men and young women, among those born outside Sweden, with low occupational status, low social support, low trust, economic stress in childhood and adulthood. The accumulation hypothesis was confirmed because combined childhood and adulthood exposures to economic stress were associated (p<0.001) with tobacco smoking in a graded manner. The critical period hypothesis was not supported because the associations between economic stress in childhood as well as adulthood, respectively, and tobacco smoking were significant (p=0.004 and p<0.001) throughout the analyses. The social mobility hypothesis was confirmed because upward social mobility was significantly associated (p<0.001) with lower odds of smoking, while downward social mobility was significantly associated (p<0.001) with higher odds of smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Downward social mobility and economic stress in both childhood and adulthood should be considered as risk factors for tobacco smoking over the life course.
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