| 1. |
- Andrén, O., et al.
(författare)
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Barley straw decomposition with varied levels of microbial grazing by Folsomia fimetaria (L.) (Collembola, Isotomidae)
- 1985
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Ingår i: Oecologia. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0029-8549 .- 1432-1939. ; 68:1, s. 57-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Folsomia fimetaria (L.) were added (0, 5, 10, 20 animals) to 0.100 g barley straw which had been inoculated 10 days (244 h) earlier with a natural soil microflora. Respiration (CO2 evolution) was monitored continuously. Mass loss, fungal standing crop (total and FDA-active), bacterial and protozoan biomass were estimated 42 days (1,000 h) after microbial inoculation. The degree of surface cover by hyphae was surveyed at regular intervals. No significant differences (P>0.05) were found in respiration, mass loss or microbial biomass, but the density of surface hyphae were reduced by addition of Collembola. Fungal production was low, less than 5% of the estimated microbial production, and could not account for all collembolan growth during incubation. F. fimetaria appeared to consume mainly bacteria and protozoa, and had little impact on carbon mineralization.
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| 2. |
- Connolly, E, et al.
(författare)
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Na+-dependent, alpha-adrenergic mobilization of intracellular (mitochondrial) Ca2+ in brown adipocytes
- 1984
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Ingår i: European Journal of Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0014-2956 .- 1432-1033. ; 141:1, s. 187-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence and significance of a hormone-sensitive, rapidly mobilizable intracellular pool of Ca2+ in hamster brown-fat cells was investigated with 45Ca2+-labelling techniques. It was shown that such a pool existed and was probably located within the abundant mitochondria. It was rapidly mobilized by norepinephrine (median effective concentration 50 nM) through alpha-adrenergic mechanisms. The mobilization of Ca2+ from the intracellular stores (mitochondria) required the presence of extracellular Na+, but not of Ca2+, K+ or Mg2+. It is concluded that the experiments are in agreement with a hypothesis linking the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ pools with an alpha-adrenergically-induced increase in plasma membrane Na+ permeability (observed as a membrane depolarization), and a subsequent activation of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchange, leading to mobilization of mitochondrial Ca2+ and the mediation of alpha-adrenergic effects as a result of an elevated cytosolic Ca2+ level.
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| 3. |
- Schnürer, Johan, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of moisture on soil microorganisms and nematodes : A field experiment
- 1986
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Ingår i: Microbial Ecology. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0095-3628 .- 1432-184X. ; 12:2, s. 217-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of soil moisture changes on bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and nematodes and changes in oxygen consumption were studied in a field experiment. In one plot the soil was drip-irrigated daily for 10 days, while an adjacent plot experienced one rainfall and was then allowed to dry out. Oxygen consumption was the parameter measured which responded most rapidly to changes in soil moisture content. Lengths of fluorescein diacetate-active hyphae paralleled oxygen consumption in both plots. Total hyphal length was not affected by one rainfall but increased from 700 mg-1 dry weight soil to more than 1,600 m in less than 10 days in the irrigated plot. In the rain plot, bacterial numbers doubled within 3 days and declined during the following period of drought. In the irrigated plot, numbers increased by 50% and then remained constant over the duration of the study. Only small changes in protozoan numbers were observed, with the exception of the last sampling date in the irrigated plot when large numbers of naked amoebae were recorded 2 days after a large natural rainfall. Nematode numbers, especially obligate root feeders, increased in both treatments. The increases were caused by decoiling rather than growth. The results indicate that fungal respiration was dominating, while bacteria, lacking a suitable source of energy, were less active, except for the first days.
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| 4. |
- Schnürer, Johan, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Fungi, bacteria and protozoa in soil from four arable cropping systems
- 1986
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Ingår i: Biology and Fertility of Soils. - New York : Springer. - 0178-2762 .- 1432-0789. ; 2:3, s. 119-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of four cropping systems on soil microorganisms were investigated during 3 years. The cropping systems were B0, barley without nitrogen fertilizers; B120, barley with 120 kg N ha-1 year-1; GL, grass ley receiving 200 kg N ha-1 year-1; and LL, lucerne ley without nitrogen fertilizer additions. At samplings in September during three consecutive years no differences were found between treatments. Total fungal lengths ranged between 0.7 and 2.0 × 103 m and bacterial numbers between 3.5 and 7.2 × 109 g-1 dry wt. soil.Twenty samplings over 3 years in B120 and in GL indicated higher numbers of bacteria and protozoa during the growing season, except for periods with moisture stress. No clear seasonal trends were found for the fungi. When comparing mean values for the 20 samplings, the grass ley contained significantly (P < 0.05) higher numbers of amoebae. Means of the bacterial numbers and biomass, total and FDA-active hyphal lengths were also higher or equal (FDA-active hyphae) but not significantly so.Seventy-nine per cent of the bacterial biomass and 73% of the total fungal lengths were found in the top soil, where also 85% of the oxygen was consumed.
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| 5. |
- Schnürer, Johan, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Inhibitory effects of foscarnet on herpesvirus multiplication in cell culture
- 1981
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Ingår i: Archives of Virology. - Vienna, Austria : Springer. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 68:3-4, s. 203-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of phosphonoformate (INN; foscarnet sodium) on Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 replication in cell-culture has been studied. At 55 μm, foscarnet reduced the yield by 50 per cent which correlated well with a 50 per cent reduction of plaque formation at 60 μm. Foscarnet had to be added before 8 hours post infection to inhibit virus production. The inhibition of herpesvirus plaque formation by the presence of foscarnet for 24 hours was not reversed by the removal of the drug. The inhibition of virus replication by foscarnet could, in contrast to the inhibition by acycloguanosine, not be reversed by addition of deoxynucleosides.
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| 6. |
- Chavers, Blanche M., et al.
(författare)
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Hyperlipidemia in pediatric kidney transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine
- 2003
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Ingår i: Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West). - : Elsevier. - 0931-041X .- 1432-198X. ; 18:6, s. 565-569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adult kidney transplant (Tx) recipients. We sought to determine the prevalence of, and the risk factors associated with, hyperlipidemia in pediatric kidney Tx recipients on cyclosporine (CsA). We identified 59 patients (mean age 8.2+/-5.7 years) transplanted between 1 January 1991 and 31 December 1993. Pre Tx, 34% had elevated total cholesterol [TC >200 mg/dl (5.17 mmol/l)]; 54% had elevated triglycerides [TG >200 mg/dl (2.26 mmol/L)]. Mean TG was higher pre Tx in dialysis (versus nondialysis) patients: 306 mg/dl (3.46 mmol/l) versus 228 mg/dl (2.58 mmol/l) ( P=0.04). Mean TC was higher in peritoneal dialysis than hemodialysis patients: 222 mg/dl (5.74 mmol/l) versus 169 mg/dl (4.37 mmol/l) ( P=0.03). Pre Tx and 3-year values correlated (TC, r=0.49, P=0.0008; TG, r=0.41, P=0.001); 3- and 5-year TC values correlated ( r=0.57, P=0.003). At 5 years post Tx, 41% of the recipients had elevated TC; 14% had elevated TG. Recipients with elevated TC had higher mean CsA concentrations at 1 year post Tx ( P=0.03). Recipients with elevated TG tended to receive more prednisone ( P=0.06). At 5 years post Tx, recipients had a high prevalence of hyperlipidemia. The identification and treatment of hyperlipidemia should be included in pediatric kidney Tx protocols.
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