| 1. |
- Alafuzoff, I, et al.
(författare)
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Histopathological criteria for progressive dementia disorders : clinical-pathological correlation and classification by multivariate data analysis.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Acta Neuropathologica. - 0001-6322 .- 1432-0533. ; 74:3, s. 209-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autopsied brains from 55 patients with dementia between 59-95 years of age (mean age 77.9 +/- 8.1 years) and 19 non-demented individuals between 46-91 years of age (mean age 74.3 +/- 10.5 years) were examined to establish histopathological criteria for normal ageing, primary degenerative [Alzheimer's disease (AD)/senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT)] and vascular (multi-infarct) dementia (MID) disorders. Senile/neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, microscopic infarcts and perivascular serum protein deposits were quantified in the frontal lobe (Brodmann area 10) and in the hippocampus. The demented patients were classified according to the DSM-III criteria into AD/SDAT and MID. Operationally defined histopathological criteria for dementias, based on the degree/amount of the histopathological changes seen in aged non-demented patients, were postulated. The demented patients were clearly separable into three histopathological types, namely AD/SDAT, MID and AD-MID, the dementia type where both the degenerative and the vascular changes are coexistent in greater extent than are seen in the non-demented individuals. Using general clinical, gross neuroanatomical and histopathological data three separate dementia classes, namely AD/SDAT, MID and AD-MID, were visualized in two-dimensional space by multivariate data analysis. This analysis revealed that the pathology in the AD-MID patients was not merely a linear combination of the pathology in AD/SDAT and MID, indicating that AD-MID might represent a dementia type of its own. The clinical diagnosis for AD/SDAT and MID was certain in only half of the AD/SDAT and one third of the MID cases when evaluated histopathologically and by multivariate data analysis. AD/SDAT, MID and AD-MID were histopathologically diagnosed in 49%, 24% and 27%, respectively, of all the dementia cases studied. Opposite correlation between the number of tangles, plaques and the patient age in non-demented and AD/SDAT cases were observed, indicating that the pathogenesis of tangles and plaques in the two groups of patients might be different and that AD/SDAT might not be a form of an exaggerated ageing process.
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| 4. |
- Anna, B., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Animal model of rotavirus infection in rabbits - protection obtained without shedding of viral antigen.
- 1989
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Ingår i: Archives of Virology. - : Springer. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 107:3-4, s. 237-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small animal model was developed in order to investigate the pathogenesis and immunology of rotavirus infections and to study the interaction of different virus strains. Seronegative rabbits of the breed French Lop were used. Two rabbit rotavirus strains, belonging to the same serotype, were used: 82/311 F and R-2, both isolated during diarrhoeal outbreaks in commercial rabbitries. The animals were inoculated orally. The viral shedding and the serological response was monitored by ELISA. Initially six weeks old kits were given four different doses of strain R-2. With doses ranging from 1 x 10(3) to 1 x 10(6) TCID50 all animals seroconverted, but for the lowest dose no viral excretion could be detected. No clinical symptoms were observed. Subsequently the age periods during which the animals were susceptible to the strain R-2 was investigated. The rabbits seroconverted and shed rotavirus antigen, independent of age of six or 22 weeks. None of the animals had diarrhoea. Administration of strain 82/311 F did not result in viral shedding, independently of dose, but all the animals seroconverted. It was also shown for the strain R-2 that when challenging with the same strain four weeks post inoculation that the animals were protected; no viral shedding was detected at the second infection. Strain 82/311 F gave protection against R-2 when the rabbits were challenged four weeks post inoculation.
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| 5. |
- Byström, Anders S., et al.
(författare)
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A functional analysis of the repeated methionine initiator tRNA genes (IMT) in yeast
- 1989
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Ingår i: Molecular General Genetics. - 0026-8925 .- 1432-1874. ; 216:2-3, s. 276-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Standard laboratory yeast strains have from four to five genes encoding the methionine initiator tRNA (IMT). Strain S288C has four IMT genes with identical coding sequences that are colinear with the RNA sequence of tRNA(IMet). Each of the four IMT genes from strain S288C is located on a different chromosome. A fifth IMT gene with the same coding sequence is present in strain A364A but not in S288C. By making combinations of null alleles in strain S288C, we show that each of the four IMT genes is functional and that tRNA(IMet) is not limiting in yeast strains with three or more intact genes. Strains containing a single IMT2, 3 or 4 gene grow only after amplification of the remaining IMT gene. Strains with only the IMT1 gene intact are viable but grow extremely slow; normal growth is restored by the addition of another IMT gene by transformation, providing a direct test for IMT function.
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| 6. |
- Byström, Anders S, et al.
(författare)
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The structural gene (trmD) for the tRNA(m1G)methyltransferase is part of a four polypeptide operon in Escherichia coli K-12
- 1982
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Ingår i: Molecular General Genetics. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0026-8925 .- 1432-1874. ; 188:3, s. 447-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The trmD gene, which is the structural gene for the tRNA(m1G)-methyltransferase, is shown to be part of a polycistronic operon. A 4.6 kb SalI-EcoRI chromosomal DNA fragment contains the trmD gene (Byström and Björk 1982). Subclonings, deletion mapping and Tn5 insertions into plasmid pBY03 have established the gene organization of the trmD area on the Escherichia coli chromosome. The different plasmid derivatives were analysed for expression of protein products using the minicell system. Such analyses established the organisation of genes encoding six polypeptides to be SalI1-48 K-13 K-25 K-31 K-15 K-16 K-EcoRI1. The 31 K polypeptide was shown to be the tRNA(m1G)methyltransferase. The trmD operon encodes for four polypeptides; 13 K-25 K-31 K(trmD)-15 K and the direction of transcription is from 13 K (promoter proximal) to 15 K (promoter distal). However, there might be a weak internal promoter between the trmD gene and the gene encoding the 15 K product. The level of expression from this operon in the minicell system does not seem to follow normal polarity since we observed high expression of 13 K, 25 K, and 15 K products but low expression of the internal trmD gene.
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| 7. |
- Dahl, N, et al.
(författare)
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DNA linkage analysis of X-linked retinoschisis.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Human Genetics. - 0340-6717 .- 1432-1203. ; 78:3, s. 228-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four families with juvenile retionoschisis (RS) have been studied by linkage analysis utilizing eleven polymorphic X-chromosomal markers. The results suggest a close linkage between DXS43, DXS41, and DXS208 and the RS locus at Xp22. The RS locus is distal to the OTC locus, DXS84, and the DMD locus but proximal to DXS85. No recombination events were observed between the RS locus and DXS43 and DXS41. The maximum likelihood estimate of the recombination fraction (theta) was thus zero and the peak lod scores (z) were 4.98 (DXS43) and 4.09 (DXS41). The linkage data suggest that the gene order on Xp is DXS85-(DXS43, RS, DXS41)-DMD-DXS84-OTC.
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| 8. |
- Gustafsson, I, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of preoperative paracetamol on pain after oral surgery.
- 1983
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 24:1, s. 63-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A double-blind, randomized cross-over trial was carried out in 50 patients undergoing surgical removal of bilaterally impacted lower wisdom teeth. Surgery in each patient was performed twice and paracetamol 1000 mg was administered once preoperatively and once postoperatively. The time interval to additional analgesic intake and the pain intensity up to and at that time were assessed. There was no difference between the 2 treatments. It was concluded that preoperative paracetamol does not offer any clinical advantage in patients who undergo surgical removal of impacted lower wisdom teeth.
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| 10. |
- Lawrence, D, et al.
(författare)
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Purification of active human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 from Escherichia coli. Comparison with natural and recombinant forms purified from eucaryotic cells.
- 1989
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Ingår i: European Journal of Biochemistry. - 0014-2956 .- 1432-1033. ; 186:3, s. 523-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) inhibits both tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and, therefore, is an important regulator of plasminogen activation. We have developed eucaryotic and procaryotic expression systems for PAI-1 and characterized the recombinant glycosylated and non-glycosylated products, together with a non-recombinant natural control, produced in the histosarcoma cell line HT 1080. For eucaryotic expression, the PAI-1 cDNA was stably transfected into chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells), while procaryotic expression in Escherichia coli was examined after inserting the DNA sequence encoding the mature PAI-1 protein into an inducible expression vector. Recombinant PAI-1 from CHO cells was purified approximately 50-fold in two steps and was indistinguishable from natural PAI-1. Between 3% and 4% of total cellular protein in the procaryotic expression system consisted of PAI-1, from which it was purified approximately 30-fold, with yields of between 15% and 20%. This PAI-1 formed 1:1 complexes with uPA and also with the single- and two-chain forms of tPA. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that the procaryote-produced PAI-1 had an inhibitory activity towards all three forms of PA that resembled that of natural PAI-1 with association rate constants of approximately 10(7) M-1 s-1. In contrast to PAI-1 from eucaryotic cells, the PAI-1 from E. coli had an inherent activity equal to that of guanidine/HCl-activated natural PAI-1. The activity could not be increased by treatment with denaturants suggesting that the latent form of PAI-1 was absent. However, at 37 degrees C the procaryote-produced PAI-1 lost activity at the same rate as natural PAI-1, with approximately 50% of the activity remaining after 3 h. This activity could be partially restored by treatment with 4 M guanidine/HCl. E. coli-derived PAI-1, added to human plasma and fractionated by Sephacryl S-200 chromatography, eluted in two peaks that were similar to those obtained with guanidine-activated PAI-1 from eucaryotic cells, suggesting that it bound to the PAI-1-binding protein (vitronectin).
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