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- Alfonsson, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Is age a better predictor of weight loss one year after Gastric bypass than symptoms of disordered eating, depression, adult ADHD, and alcohol consumption?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15:4, s. 644-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION:Findings regarding psychological risk factors for low weight loss after bariatric surgery have been inconsistent. The association between gender and weight outcome is unclear while younger age has been consistently shown to be associated with better weight outcome. The aim of this study was to analyze the interactions between gender and age on the one hand and symptoms of disordered eating, depression, adult ADHD and alcohol consumption on the other hand in regard to weight loss after gastric bypass.METHODS:Bariatric surgery patients were recruited and asked to fill out self-report questionnaires regarding behavioral risk factors before and twelve months after surgery. Data from one hundred and twenty-nine patients were analyzed.RESULTS:After controlling for age, no psychological variable measured prior to surgery could predict weight loss after twelve months. After surgery, there was an interaction effect between age, gender and specific eating disorder symptoms. Specifically, loss of control over eating was a risk factor for low weight loss among older, but not among younger, female participants. Symptoms of adult ADHD were associated with elevated alcohol consumption after surgery.DISCUSSION:These results indicate that age and gender may moderate the effects of potential risk factors for inferior weight outcome. This interaction could potentially be one of the reasons behind the mixed findings in this field. Thus, there are important gender differences in the bariatric population that should be considered. The present study is the first to show that symptoms of adult ADHD may not be a risk factor for inferior weight loss but for alcohol risk consumption after gastric bypass.
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| 2. |
- Alfonsson, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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The meal pattern questionnaire : A psychometric evaluation using the eating disorder examination
- 2016
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 21, s. 7-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveMeal pattern is an important variable in both obesity treatment and treatment for eating disorders. Momentary assessment and eating diaries are highly valid measurement methods but often cumbersome and not always feasible to use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a self-report instrument for measuring meal patterns.MethodThe Pattern of eating item from the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview was adapted to self-report format to follow the same overall structure as the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. The new instrument was named the Meal Patterns Questionnaire (MPQ) and was compared with the EDE in a student sample (n = 105) and an obese sample (n = 111).ResultsThe individual items of the MPQ and the EDE showed moderate to high correlations (rho = .63–89) in the two samples. Significant differences between the MPQ and EDE were only found for two items in the obese sample. The total scores correlated to a high degree (rho = .87/.74) in both samples and no significant differences were found in this variable.DiscussionThe MPQ can provide an overall picture of a person's eating patterns and is a valid way to collect data regarding meal patterns. The MPQ may be a useable tool in clinical practice and research studies when more extensive instruments cannot be used. Future studies should evaluate the MPQ in diverse cultural populations and with more ecological assessment methods.
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| 5. |
- Birgegard, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Proposal for increasing diagnostic clarity in research and clinical practice by renaming and reframing atypical anorexia nervosa as "Restrictive Eating Disorder" (RED)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : ELSEVIER. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM5), is characterized by meeting all criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) except for weight being within or above the "normal" range despite significant weight loss. The current definition is plagued by several problems, resulting in widely heterogeneous operationalizations in research and clinical practice. As such, the poorly defined diagnosis of AAN negatively impacts affected individuals and frustrates research attempts to better understand the syndrome. We consider conceptual flaws in the AAN description and contend that the undefined weight range and nature of weight loss renders these two factors functionally inapplicable in research and practice. They also represent a departure from the originally intended use of the AAN category, i.e., arresting a negative weight trajectory likely to result in AN, making the target population, and the application of the label, unclear. We propose revised criteria and a new name, restrictive eating disorder (RED), intended to reduce stigma and encompass a wide but better-defined range of presentations. The RED criteria focus on clinically significant restrictive behavior that disrupts normal living (i.e., impairment), and cognitive symptoms of overevaluation, disturbed experience, and lack of recognition of illness seriousness. We believe that RED may enable more appropriate clinical application, but also inspire coordinated research toward a more valid psychiatric nosology in the eating disorders field.
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| 6. |
- Björck, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Negative self-image and outcome in eating disorders : results at 3-year follow-up.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 8:3, s. 398-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Negative self-image has been hypothesised to be of aetiological significance in eating disorders; however, its relationship to outcome remains unclear. The present study examined the relationship between self-image and follow-up status in a heterogeneous sample of eating disorder patients (N=246). METHODS: Patients were assessed at intake and after 36 months. Self-image was measured using SASB, and a general outcome measure was calculated comprising eating disorder symptoms, occupational status, interpersonal relationships and general psychopathology. RESULTS: SASB self-hate was the most important variable for predicting poor outcome, followed by occupational status, interpersonal relationships, eating disorder symptoms, SASB self-emancipation and general psychiatric symptoms. Together these variables predicted 23% of the variance in outcome. DISCUSSION: High levels of self-hate may increase the risk of poor outcome in eating disorders by adversely affecting interpersonal relationships and making it difficult for patients to engage in treatment.
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| 8. |
- de Man Lapidoth, Joakim
(författare)
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Binge eating in surgical weight-loss treatments : Long-term associations with weight loss, health related quality of life (HRQL), and psychopathology
- 2009
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 7:1, s. 15-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Previous studies that have investigated the relationshipbetween binge eating and the long-term outcome of bariatric surgeryhave shown mixed results. Does binge eating before or after bariatricsurgery affect long-term BMI, health-related quality of life (HRQL), orpsychopathology after surgery? The objective of the present studywas to address these questions to determine the extent to whichbinge eating needs to be addressed in the context of bariatric surgeryMethods. We assessed 173 bariatric patients before and three yearsafter weight loss surgery with regard to weight, binge eating, HRQL,and psychopathology.Results. Binge eating habits before and after weight loss surgerywere unrelated to the long-term BMI outcome. Binge eating afterweight loss surgery was associated with more psychopathology and alower HRQL.Conclusion. Binge eating before or after weight loss surgery doesnot predict long-term BMI outcome. Therefore, exclusions fromsurgery for this reason alone are difficult to motivate. However,results show that binge eating after weight loss surgery is commonand is associated with both more psychopathology and a lower HRQL.The poor psychological health status of patients that binge eat afterweight loss surgery motivates studies with longer follow-up periods toinvestigate whether post-surgical binge eating might increase thevulnerability to future weight regain and complications at time pointsbeyond three years. The high rate of binge eating after surgery andits negative association with the HRQL and psychopathology indicatethat we need to be observant of the occurrence and potential effectsof binge eating in the context of bariatric surgery.
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| 9. |
- de Man Lapidoth, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Eating disorders and disordered eating among patients seeking non-surgical weight-loss treatment in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 7:1, s. 15-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this cross-sectional descriptive study of 194 Swedish men and women seeking non-surgical weight-loss treatment was to investigate the presence of eating disorders and binge eating symptoms and to compare these two groups of patients with a group without eating disorder- or binge eating symptoms. The groups were compared in regard to co-morbid psychopathology, Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) and anthropometric data. Of the total sample, 9.8% fulfilled criteria for any eating disorder. An additional 7.2% indicated binge eating symptoms without having an eating disorder. The three groups were significantly different in regard to psychopathology scales and most HRQL items. Eating disorders and binge eating symptoms are common among patients seeking non-surgical weight-loss treatments in Sweden and both groups showed elevated levels of co-morbid psychopathology and lower HRQL compared to patients without disordered eating. These findings point to the importance of assessing the full range of eating disorder symptoms and disorders as well as HRQL and co-morbid psychopathology before weight-loss treatment, as these factors might affect treatment outcome.
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| 10. |
- Ernersson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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An obesity provoking behaviour negatively influences young normal weight subjects' Health Related Quality of Life and causes depressive symptoms
- 2010
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 11:4, s. 247-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many parts of the world the prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle in combination with high consumption of food has increased, which contributes to increased risk for becoming overweight. Our primary aim was, in an intervention, to examine the influence on health related quality of life (HRQoL) and mood in young normal weight subjects of both sexes, when adopting an obesity provoking behaviour by increasing the energy intake via fast food and simultaneously adopting a sedentary lifestyle. A secondary aim was to follow-up possible long-term effects on HRQoL and mood 6 and 12 months after this short-term intervention.In this prospective study, 18 healthy normal weight subjects (mean age 26 ± 6.6 years), mainly university students were prescribed doubled energy intake, and maximum 5000 steps/day, during 4 weeks. An age and sex matched control group (n = 18), who were asked to have unchanged eating habits and physical activity, was recruited. Before and after the intervention questionnaires including Short Form-36, Hospital Anxiety Depression scale, Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, Sense of Coherence and Mastery scale were completed by the subjects in the intervention group and by the controls with 4 weeks interval. Six and 12 months after the intervention the subjects underwent the same procedure as at baseline and the controls completed the same questionnaires.During the intervention, subjects in the intervention group increased their bodyweight and developed markedly lower physical and mental health scores on Short Form-36 as well as depressive symptoms while no changes appeared in the controls. The increase of depressive symptoms was associated with increases of energy intake, body weight and body fat. When followed up, 6 and 12 months after the intervention, physical and mental health had returned completely to baseline values, despite somewhat increased body weight.In conclusion, adopting obesity provoking behaviour for 4 weeks decreases HRQoL and mood in young normal weight subjects. The effect is temporary and when followed up 6 and 12 months after the short-term intervention no remaining influence is found.
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