| 1. |
- Fratiglioni, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Ageing without dementia : can stimulating psychosocial and lifestyle experiences make a difference?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 19:6, s. 533-543
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a world with an ageing population, dementia has become an urgent threat to global health and wellbeing. Psychosocial and lifestyle factors, such as higher socioeconomic positions, longer times spent in education, greater occupational complexity, reduced stress at work, and engagement in mental, physical, and social activities, have been hypothesised to supply resilience against dementia. Although questions remain surrounding the role of these factors in the development of dementia, scientific advancements have considerably expanded our understanding of modifiable psychosocial and lifestyle factors and their neuroprotective and compensatory influences over a life course. Evidence from observational studies is robust enough to suggest that stimulating psychosocial and lifestyle factors are protective against dementia. And, although the corresponding evidence from intervention studies is still scarce, public health campaigns promoting psychosocial and lifestyle factors might improve the health and wellbeing of people aged 60 years and older.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Smith, A. David, et al.
(författare)
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Dementia research priorities-2
- 2017
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 16:3, s. 181-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Wu, Yu-Tzu, et al.
(författare)
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Dementia in western Europe : epidemiological evidence and implications for policy making
- 2016
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 15:1, s. 116-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dementia is receiving increasing attention from governments and politicians. Epidemiological research based on western European populations done 20 years ago provided key initial evidence for dementia policy making, but these estimates are now out of date because of changes in life expectancy, living conditions, and health profiles. To assess whether dementia occurrence has changed during the past 20-30 years, investigators of five different studies done in western Europe (Sweden [Stockholm and Gothenburg], the Netherlands [Rotterdam], the UK [England], and Spain [Zaragoza]) have compared dementia occurrence using consistent research methods between two timepoints in well-defined geographical areas. Findings from four of the five studies showed non-significant changes in overall dementia occurrence. The only significant reduction in overall prevalence was found in the study done in the UK, powered and designed explicitly from its outset to detect change across generations (decrease in prevalence of 22%; p=0.003). Findings from the study done in Zaragoza (Spain) showed a significant reduction in dementia prevalence in men (43%; p=0.0002). The studies estimating incidence done in Stockholm and Rotterdam reported non-significant reductions. Such reductions could be the outcomes from earlier population-level investments such as improved education and living conditions, and better prevention and treatment of vascular and chronic conditions. This evidence suggests that attention to optimum health early in life might benefit cognitive health late in life. Policy planning and future research should be balanced across primary (policies reducing risk and increasing cognitive reserve), secondary (early detection and screening), and tertiary (once dementia is present) prevention. Each has their place, but upstream primary prevention has the largest effect on reduction of later dementia occurrence and disability.
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