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- Isomura, Kayoko, et al.
(författare)
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Insomnia in Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder
- 2022
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Ingår i: Movement Disorders. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-3185 .- 1531-8257. ; 37:2, s. 392-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Insomnia is common in Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD), but precise prevalence estimates are lacking.OBJECTIVE: In this Swedish register-based cohort study, we estimated the prevalence of insomnia in TS/CTD and quantified the magnitude of this association, accounting for familial confounders and relevant somatic and psychiatric comorbidities.METHODS: Of 10,444,702 individuals living in Sweden during the period from 1997 to 2013, 5877 had a diagnosis of TS/CTD and were compared to unexposed individuals from the general population on the presence of insomnia using logistic regression models.RESULTS: Individuals with TS/CTD had a period prevalence of insomnia of 32.16%, compared to 13.70% of the unexposed population. This translated into a 6.7-fold increased likelihood of insomnia in TS/CTD (odds ratio adjusted [aOR] for sex, birth year, birth country, and somatic disorders = 6.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.37-7.15). A full sibling comparison, designed to adjust for shared familial factors, attenuated the estimates (aOR = 5.41; 95% CI, 4.65-6.30). When individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and pervasive developmental disorders were excluded, the association was also attenuated, whereas exclusion of other psychiatric comorbidities had minimal impact. Having persistent TS/CTD, comorbid ADHD, and taking ADHD medication greatly increased the likelihood of insomnia.CONCLUSIONS: Insomnia is significantly associated with TS/CTD, independently from somatic disorders, familial factors or psychiatric comorbidities, although familial factors, neurodevelopmental comorbidities, and ADHD/ADHD medication may explain part of the association. Insomnia should be routinely assessed and managed in TS/CTD, particularly in chronic patients and in those with comorbid ADHD. Other sleep disorders require further study. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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| 2. |
- Martino, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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Association and Familial Coaggregation of Idiopathic Dystonia with Psychiatric Outcomes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Movement Disorders. - : WILEY. - 0885-3185 .- 1531-8257. ; 35:12, s. 2270-2278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common and major determinants of quality of life in idiopathic dystonia. Their prevalence estimates from service-based studies are heterogeneous. Objective We explored the association between idiopathic dystonia and depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, suicide attempts, and death by suicide using Swedish population-based registers. Methods Diagnoses of idiopathic dystonia and psychiatric outcomes from inpatient and outpatient specialist services (1997-2013) were collected from the National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Familial associations were explored using the Multi-Generation Register. Adjusted logistic regression analyses measured associations with psychiatric disorders in individuals with dystonia compared with general population individuals and their unaffected siblings, as well as in full siblings of individuals with dystonia compared with full siblings of unaffected individuals. Results Individuals with dystonia were more likely than those without to have a diagnosis of depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio = 2.00, 95% confidence interval: 1.77-2.26), anxiety disorder (adjusted odds ratio = 2.13, 95% confidence interval: 1.90-2.39), and suicide attempts/death by suicide combined (adjusted odds ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval: 1.50-2.17), with odds higher in most idiopathic dystonia forms. In the full sibling comparison, estimates followed the same pattern, with overall attenuated magnitude. Full siblings of individuals with dystonia had higher likelihood of depressive or anxiety disorders and suicide attempts/death by suicide combined compared with siblings of individuals without dystonia. Conclusions Different forms of idiopathic dystonia confirm its association with increased risk for depressive and anxiety disorders and suicide attempts. Familial coaggregation of dystonia and these psychiatric comorbidities supports shared genetic and extragenetic factors. (c) 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
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| 3. |
- Mataix-Cols, David, et al.
(författare)
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Early-Life and Family Risk Factors for Tic Disorder Persistence into Adulthood
- 2023
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Ingår i: Movement Disorders. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-3185 .- 1531-8257. ; 38:8, s. 1419-1427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Many children with tic disorders outgrow their tics, but little is known about the proportion of individuals who will continue to require specialist services in adulthood and which variables are associated with tic persistence. OBJECTIVES: The aims were to estimate the proportion of individuals first diagnosed with tic disorders in childhood who continued to receive tic disorder diagnoses after age 18 years and to identify risk factors for persistence.METHODS: In this Swedish nationwide cohort study including 3761 individuals diagnosed with tic disorders in childhood, we calculated the proportion of individuals whose diagnoses persisted into adulthood. Minimally adjusted logistic regression models examined the associations between sociodemographic, clinical, and family variables and tic disorder persistence. A multivariable model was then fitted, including only variables that were statistically significant in the minimally adjusted models.RESULTS: Seven hundred and fifty-four (20%) children with tic disorders received a diagnosis of a chronic tic disorder in adulthood. Psychiatric comorbidity in childhood (particularly attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, and anxiety disorders) and psychiatric disorders in first-degree relatives (particularly tic and anxiety disorders) were the strongest risk factors for persistence. We did not observe statistically significant associations with socioeconomic variables, perinatal complications, comorbid autoimmune diseases, or family history of autoimmune diseases. All statistically significant variables combined explained approximately 10% of the variance in tic disorder persistence (P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: Childhood psychiatric comorbidities and family history of psychiatric disorders were the strongest risk factors associated with tic disorder persistence into adulthood. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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| 4. |
- Mataix-Cols, David, et al.
(författare)
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Serious Transport Accidents in Tourette Syndrome or Chronic Tic Disorder
- 2021
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Ingår i: Movement Disorders. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-3185 .- 1531-8257. ; 36:1, s. 188-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether individuals with tic disorders are at increased risk for serious transport accidents.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk for injuries or death caused by transport and motor vehicle accidents in individuals with Tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder.METHODS: This population-based, sibling-controlled cohort study included all individuals aged ≥18 years living in Sweden between 1997 and 2013 (N = 6,127,290). A total of 3449 individuals had a registered diagnosis of Tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder in the Swedish National Patient Register. We also identified 2191 families with full siblings discordant for tic disorders. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to estimate the risk for injuries or deaths as a result of transport accidents in individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of Tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder compared with unexposed individuals and siblings.RESULTS: Individuals with tic disorders had a higher risk for transport injuries or death compared with the general population (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.50 [95% confidence interval: 1.33-1.69]) and their unaffected siblings (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.41 [95% confidence interval: 1.18-1.68]). The risks were similar across sexes. The exclusion of most psychiatric comorbidities did not alter the magnitude of the estimates. However, the risks were no longer significant after exclusion of individuals with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.CONCLUSIONS: The marginally increased risk for serious transport accidents in tic disorders is mainly driven by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbidity. Improved detection and management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in this patient group are warranted.
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