| 1. |
- Ahlgren, Per, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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BATTERY 2030+ and its Research Roadmap : A Bibliometric Analysis.
- 2023
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 16:21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this bibliometric study, we analyze two of the six battery research subfields identified in the BATTERY 2030+ roadmap: Materials Acceleration Platform and Smart functionalities: Sensing. In addition, we analyze the entire research field related to BATTERY 2030+ as a whole. We (a) evaluate the European standing in the two subfields/the BATTERY 2030+ field in comparison to the rest of the world, and (b) identify strongholds of the two subfields/the BATTERY 2030+ field across Europe. For each subfield and the field as a whole, we used seed articles, i. e. articles listed in the BATTERY 2030+ roadmap or cited by such articles, in order to generate additional, similar articles located in an algorithmically obtained classification system. The output of the analysis is publication volumes, field normalized citation impact values with comparisons between country/country aggregates and between organizations, co-publishing networks between countries and organizations, and keyword co-occurrence networks.
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| 2. |
- Doubaji, Siham, et al.
(author)
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Passivation Layer and Cathodic Redox Reactions in Sodium-Ion Batteries Probed by HAXPES
- 2016
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 9:1, s. 97-108
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The cathode material P2-NaxCo2/3Mn2/9Ni1/9O2, which could be used in Na-ion batteries, was investigated through synchrotron-based hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES). Nondestructive analysis was made through the electrode/electrolyte interface of the first electrochemical cycle to ensure access to information not only on the active material, but also on the passivation layer formed at the electrode surface and referred to as the solid permeable interface (SPI). This investigation clearly shows the role of the SPI and the complexity of the redox reactions. Cobalt, nickel, and manganese are all electrochemically active upon cycling between 4.5 and 2.0V; all are in the 4+ state at the end of charging. Reduction to Co3+, Ni3+, and Mn3+ occurs upon discharging and, at low potential, there is partial reversible reduction to Co2+ and Ni2+. A thin layer of Na2CO3 and NaF covers the pristine electrode and reversible dissolution/reformation of these compounds is observed during the first cycle. The salt degradation products in the SPI show a dependence on potential. Phosphates mainly form at the end of the charging cycle (4.5V), whereas fluorophosphates are produced at the end of discharging (2.0V).
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| 3. |
- Liu, Chenjuan, et al.
(author)
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Towards an Understanding of Li2O2 Evolution in Li-O2 Batteries : An In-operando Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study
- 2017
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 10:7, s. 1592-1599
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One of the major challenges in developing high-performance Li-O-2 batteries is to understand the Li2O2 formation and decomposition during battery cycling. In this study, this issue was investigated by synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction. The evolution of Li2O2 morphology and structure was observed under actual electrochemical conditions of battery operation. By quantitatively tracking Li2O2 during discharge and charge, a two-step process was suggested for both growth and oxidation of Li2O2 owing to different mechanisms during two stages of both oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. From an observation of the anisotropic broadening of Li2O2 in XRD patterns, it was inferred that disc-like Li2O2 grains are formed rapidly in the first step of discharge. These grains can stack together so that they facilitate the nucleation and growth of toroidal Li2O2 particles with a LiO2-like surface, which could cause parasitic reactions and hinder the formation of Li2O2. During the charge process, Li2O2 is firstly oxidized from the surface, followed by a delithiation process with a faster oxidation of the bulk by stripping the interlayer Li atoms to form an off-stoichiometric intermediate. This fundamental insight brings new information on the working mechanism of Li-O-2 batteries.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Jia, et al.
(author)
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An Organic Catalyst for Li-O-2 Batteries : Dilithium Quinone-1,4-Dicarboxylate
- 2015
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 8:13, s. 2198-2203
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Solid organic electrocatalysts have hardly been tested in Li-O-2 batteries. Here, a new solid organic electrocatalyst, dilithium quinone-1,4-dicarboxylate (Li2C8H2O6) is presented, which is expected to overcome the shortcomings of inorganic catalysts. The function-oriented synthesis is low cost and low polluting. The electrocatalytic performance is evaluated by following the degradation of Li2O2 during the charge process in a Li-O-2 cell through insitu XRD and operando synchrotron radiation powder XRD (SR-PXD) measurements. The results indicate that the electrocatalytic activity of Li2C8H2O6 is similar to that of commercial Pt. The Li2O2 decomposition in a cell with Li2C8H2O6 catalyst follows a pseudo-zero-order reaction, virtually without any side reactions. These results provide an insight into the development of new organic catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in Li-O-2 batteries.
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| 5. |
- Ma, Yue, et al.
(author)
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Recycled Poly(vinyl alcohol) Sponge for Carbon Encapsulation of Size-Tunable Tin Dioxide Nanocrystalline Composites
- 2015
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 8:12, s. 2084-2092
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The recycling of industrial materials could reduce their environmental impact and waste haulage fees and result in sustainable manufacturing. In this work, commercial poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) sponges are recycled into a macroporous carbon matrix to encapsulate size-tunable SnO2 nanocrystals as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) through a scalable, flash-combustion method. The hydroxyl groups present copiously in the recycled PVA sponges guarantee a uniform chemical coupling with a tin(IV) citrate complex through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Then, a scalable, ultrafast combustion process (30s) carbonizes the PVA sponge into a 3D carbon matrix. This PVA-sponge-derived carbon could not only buffer the volume fluctuations upon the Li-Sn alloying and dealloying processes but also afford a mixed conductive network, that is, a continuous carbon framework for electrical transport and macropores for facile electrolyte percolation. The best-performing electrode based on this composite delivers a rate performance up to 9.72C (4Ag(-1)) and long-term cyclability (500cycles) for Li+ ion storage. Moreover, cyclic voltammograms demonstrate the coexistence of alloying and dealloying processes and non-diffusion-controlled pseudocapacitive behavior, which collectively contribute to the high-rate Li+ ion storage.
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| 6. |
- Renault, Stéven, et al.
(author)
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Environmentally-Friendly Lithium Recycling From a Spent Organic Li-Ion Battery
- 2014
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 7:10, s. 2859-2867
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A simple and straightforward method using non-polluting solvents and a single thermal treatment step at moderate temperature was investigated as an environmentally-friendly process to recycle lithium from organic electrode materials for secondary lithium batteries. This method, highly dependent on the choice of electrolyte, gives up to 99% of sustained capacity for the recycled materials used in a second life-cycle battery when compared with the original. The best results were obtained using a dimethyl carbonate/lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide electrolyte that does not decompose in presence of water. The process implies a thermal decomposition step at a moderate temperature of the extracted organic material into lithium carbonate, which is then used as a lithiation agent for the preparation of fresh electrode material without loss of lithium.
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| 7. |
- Valvo, Mario, et al.
(author)
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Iron-Based Electrodes Meet Water-Based Preparation, Fluorine-Free Electrolyte and Binder : A Chance for More Sustainable Lithium-Ion Batteries?
- 2017
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 10:11, s. 2431-2448
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Environmentally friendly and cost-effective Li-ion cells are fabricated with abundant, non-toxic LiFePO4 cathodes and iron oxide anodes. A water-soluble alginate binder is used to coat both electrodes to reduce the environmental footprint. The critical reactivity of LiPF6-based electrolytes toward possible traces of H2O in water-processed electrodes is overcome by using a lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB) salt. The absence of fluorine in the electrolyte and binder is a cornerstone for improved cell chemistry and results in stable battery operation. A dedicated approach to exploit conversion-type anodes more effectively is also disclosed. The issue of large voltage hysteresis upon conversion/de-conversion is circumvented by operating iron oxide in a deeply lithiated Fe/Li2O form. Li-ion cells with energy efficiencies of up to 92% are demonstrated if LiFePO4 is cycled versus such anodes prepared through a prelithiation procedure. These cells show an average energy efficiency of approximately 90.66% and a mean Coulombic efficiency of approximately 99.65% over 320 cycles at current densities of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mAcm(-2). They retain nearly 100% of their initial discharge capacity and provide an unmatched operation potential of approximately 2.85 V for this combination of active materials. No occurrence of Li plating was detected in three-electrode cells at charging rates of approximately 5C. Excellent rate capabilities of up to approximately 30C are achieved thanks to the exploitation of size effects from the small Fe nanoparticles and their reactive boundaries.
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