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Sökning: L773:1874 1754 > Chalmers tekniska högskola

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1.
  • Drevinge, Christina, 1983, et al. (författare)
  • Perilipin 5 is protective in the ischemic heart
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 219, s. 446-454
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Myocardial ischemia is associated with alterations in cardiac metabolism, resulting in decreased fatty acid oxidation and increased lipid accumulation. Here we investigate how myocardial lipid content and dynamics affect the function of the ischemic heart, and focus on the role of the lipid droplet protein perilipin 5 (Plin5) in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia. Methods and results: We generated Plin5(-/-) mice and found that Plin5 deficiency dramatically reduced the triglyceride content in the heart. Under normal conditions, Plin5(-/-) mice maintained a close to normal heart function by decreasing fatty acid uptake and increasing glucose uptake, thus preserving the energy balance. However, during stress or myocardial ischemia, Plin5 deficiency resulted in myocardial reduced substrate availability, severely reduced heart function and increased mortality. Importantly, analysis of a human cohort with suspected coronary artery disease showed that a common noncoding polymorphism, rs884164, decreases the cardiac expression of PLIN5 and is associated with reduced heart function following myocardial ischemia, indicating a role for Plin5 in cardiac dysfunction. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Plin5 deficiency alters cardiac lipid metabolism and associates with reduced survival following myocardial ischemia, suggesting that Plin5 plays a beneficial role in the heart following ischemia. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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2.
  • Mazidi, Mohsen, 1989, et al. (författare)
  • Associations between risk of overall mortality, cause-specific mortality and level of inflammatory factors with extremely low and high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels among American adults
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 276, s. 242-247
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background The health outcomes associated with extremely low or high plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are not well documented mainly because of the small numbers of participants with such values included in the clinical trials. Objective We prospectively investigated the association between extremely low and high HDL-C with: 1) the risk of overall, coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular and cancer mortality, and, 2) their link with inflammatory factors. Methods Analysis was based on subjects ≥18 years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). We categorized HDL-C levels as follows: [low HDL-C group ≤30 (extremely low), 30–40 (low), and ≥40 (reference)] [high HDL-C group = 40–80 (reference), 80–100 (high) and ≥100 mg/dl (extremely high). Cox proportional hazard regression models and analysis of covariance accounted for survey design, masked variance and sample weights. Results After adjustment for age, race and sex, we found that the very low HDL-C category (<30 mg/dl) had a greater risk of total mortality (risk ratio [RR]: 3.00, 95%CI: 2.20–4.09). RR for CHD and stroke mortality was 2.00 and 2.53, respectively; there was no link between cancer and level of HDL-C (p = 0.235). The association between total mortality, CHD and stroke with the level of HDL-C attenuated but remained significant even after adjustment for demographics, dietary, cardiovascular risk factors and treatment for dyslipidemia (all p < 0.001). After adjustments, subjects with extremely high HDL-C levels had a higher risk of mortalities (all p < 0.001). Mexican-American ethnicity, subjects in the low level of HDL-C (30–40 mg/dl) category had higher risk of mortalities than those with a very low level (all p < 0.001). Concentration of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and white blood count significantly decreased as the level of the HDL-C increased; these findings were robust after adjustment for demographics, dietary, cardiovascular risk factors and treatment for dyslipidemia (all p < 0.001); further subjects with extremely high HDL-C levels have a greater levels of inflammatory factors (all p < 0.001). Conclusions Both extremely low and high HDL-C levels were associated with greater risk of mortalities (total, CHD and stroke) and higher level of inflammatory factors, while there was no link between level of HDL-C and risk of cancer. Moreover, we found evidence of an HDL-C paradox in Mexican-American ethnicity
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3.
  • Mazidi, Mohsen, 1989, et al. (författare)
  • Link between plasma trans-fatty acid and fatty liver is moderated by adiposity
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 272:1 December 2018, s. 316-322
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising. This increase may be associated with obesity. It has been suggested that trans-fatty acids (TFAs) play an important role in non-communicable diseases. Aim: We examined the link between liver tests, fatty liver index (FLI) and plasma TFAs. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact of adiposity on this link. Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used to obtain the data on TFAs and liver function biomarkers. We took account of complex NHANES data, masked variance and weighting methodology. Results: Of the 4252 participants, 46.4% were men. The mean age was 50.6 years overall; 51.3 years for men and 49.8 years for women (p = 0.206). In a fully adjusted model (demographic and clinical factors), FLI increased as trans-9-hexadecenoic acid and trans-11-octadecenoic acid levels increased; FLI was 38.1 and 42.3 for the first quarter (Q1) of trans-9-hexadecenoic acid and trans-11-octadecenoic acid, respectively, reaching 65.1 and 69.3 for the highest quarters (Q4) (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Multivariable logistic regression showed for all four studied TFAs, the likelihood of NAFLD (determined by FLI) increased with increasing TFAs levels (quartiles) in a stepwise manner (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Based on moderation analysis, a strong impact of body mass index (BMI) on the link between FLI and TFAs was observed. Conclusions: Our results suggest a direct significant association between plasma TFAs, liver tests and NAFLD (assessed by FLI). Furthermore, BMI was shown to mediate this relationship. These findings highlight the importance of avoiding TFAs consumption in order to minimize cardiometabolic risk.
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4.
  • Mazidi, Mohsen, 1989, et al. (författare)
  • Α higher ratio of serum uric acid to serum creatinine could predict the risk of total and cause specific mortality- insight from a US national survey
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 326, s. 189-193
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: The link between serum uric acid to serum creatinine ratio (SUA/SCr) and mortality has not been studied yet. Methods: We prospectively evaluated the association between SUA/SCr and risk of total and cause specific [cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer] mortality by applying on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES, 1999–2010). Vital status through December 31, 2011 was ascertained. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed to determine the links between SUA/SCr and mortality. Results: Overall, 20,209 individuals were included (mean age = 47.5 years, 48.9% men) and 3523 deaths occurred during the 76.4 months of follow-up. In a fully adjusted model, individuals in the fourth (Q4) and third (Q3) quartile of SUA/SCr had a 44 and 35% greater risk of total mortality [risk ratio (RR): 1.44 (95% confidence interval, 95%CI: 1.05–1.98) and 1.35 (1.10–1.66), respectively], as well as a 69 and 47% higher risk of CVD death [RR: 1.69 (1.09–2.62) and 1.47 (1.14–1.89), respectively] compared with the lowest (Q1) quartile. With regard to SUA/SCr and cancer mortality, a significant association was found only between participants in Q4 and those in Q1 [RR: 1.12 (1.06–1.19)] in the partially adjusted model, whereas this relationship became non-significant after further adjustments [RR: 1.15 (0.96–1.39)]. Conclusions: This is the first time that SUA/SCr has been associated with total and cause specific mortality in a large, representative sample of US adults. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and establish their clinical implications.
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5.
  • Ravn-Fischer, Annica, 1974, et al. (författare)
  • Chain of care in chest pain-differenes beteen three hospitals in an urban area.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier Ireland Ltd. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 166:2, s. 440-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: To describe differences in treatment and delay times in acute chest pain at the three hospitals in Göteborg, Sweden. METHODS: All patients admitted to the three hospitals within Sahlgrenska University (SU) (Sahlgrenska: SU/S, Östra: SU/Ö and Mölndal: SU/M) with acute chest pain during 3 months in 2008 were evaluated for diagnosis, early treatment and outcome. RESULTS: In all, 2588 visits by 2393 patients were included (visits n=1253 SU/S; n=853 SU/Ö; n=482 SU/M) of which 50%, 63% and 51% were hospitalised (p<0.0001). Among hospitalised patients, a diagnosis of ACS was reported in 26%, 9% and 22% respectively (p<0.0001). Among ACS patients, 83%, 66% and 57% respectively underwent coronary angiography (p=0.004). The median delay to coronary angiography in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was 42 min at SU/S, 3h 47 min at SU/Ö and 2h 34 min at SU/M (p=0.008). The corresponding values for coronary angiography in unstable coronary artery disease were 42h 7min, 48h 35 min and 123h 42 min (p=0.007). Overall mortality at 30 days was 3.6%, 3.2% and 1.5% (NS) and, at 1 year, it was 9.9%, 9.6% and 7.3% respectively (NS). CONCLUSION: In acute chest pain in the Municipality of Göteborg, there was a marked difference between hospitals in: 1) the percentage of hospitalised patients, 2) the percentage of ACS among hospitalised patients and 3) the delay to and rate of coronary angiography. The clinical consequences of these deviations remain to be proven.
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6.
  • Thang, Nguyen Dang, et al. (författare)
  • Patients admitted to hospital with chest pain - Changes in a 20-year perspective.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-1754 .- 0167-5273. ; 166:1, s. 141-146
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: To describe the differences in characteristics and outcome between two consecutive series of patients admitted to hospital with chest pain in a 20-year perspective. Particular emphasis is placed on changes in outcome in relation to the initial electrocardiogram (ECG). SUBJECTS: In the two periods, 1986-1987 and 2008, all patients with chest pain admitted to the study hospitals in Gothenburg, Sweden, were included. RESULTS: Five thousand and sixteen patients were registered in a period of 21months in 1986-1987 and 2287 patients were registered during 3months in 2008. In a comparison of the two time periods, the age of chest pain patients was not significantly different (mean age 60.1±17.8years in 1986-1987 and 59.8±19.1years in 2008, p=0.50). There was a lower prevalence of previous angina pectoris, congestive heart failure and current smoking in the second period, whereas a history of acute myocardial infarction, hypertension and diabetes mellitus had become more prevalent. The use of cardio-protective drugs increased and ECG changes indicating acute myocardial ischemia on admission to hospital decreased. Length of hospitalisation was reduced from a median of 5days to 3days (p<0.0001). A significant decrease in 30-day and 1-year mortality was found (3.8% in 1986-1987 vs 2.0% in 2008 and 9.9% vs 6.3% respectively, p<0.0001 for both comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: During a period of 20years, the characteristics and outcome of patients admitted to hospital with chest pain changed. The most important changes were a lower prevalence of ECG signs indicating acute myocardial ischemia on admission, shorter hospitalisation time and a lower 30-day and 1-year mortality.
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