| 1. |
- Derakhshan, Arash, et al.
(författare)
-
Reference ranges and determinants of thyroid function during early pregnancy : the SELMA study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Oxford University Press. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 103:9, s. 3548-3556
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Establishing reference ranges as well as identifying and quantifying the determinants of thyroid function during pregnancy is important for proper clinical interpretation and optimizing research efforts. However, such data are sparse, specifically for (F)T3 measurements and most studies do not take into account thyroid antibodies or hCG.Objective: To determine reference ranges and to identify/quantify determinants of TSH, FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3.Design, Setting and Participants: This study included 2,314 participants of the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and child, Asthma and allergy study, a population-based prospective pregnancy cohort of mother-child pairs. Reference ranges were calculated by 2.5-97.5th percentiles after excluding TPOAb and/or TgAb positive women.Intervention: None.Main Outcome Measures: TSH, FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3 in prenatal serum.Results: After exclusion of TPOAb positive women, reference range were: TSH: 0.11-3.48 mU/L, FT4: 11.6-19.4 pmol/L, FT3: 3.72-5.92 pg/mL, TT4: 82.4-166.2 pmol/L and TT3: 1.28-2.92 nmol/L. Additional exclusion of TgAb positive women did not change the reference ranges substantially. Exposure to tobacco smoke, as assessed by questionnaires and serum cotinine, was associated with lower TSH and higher FT3 and TT3. BMI and gestational age were the main determinants of TSH (only for BMI), FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3.Conclusions: We show that the exclusion of TgAb positive women on top of excluding TPOAb positive women hardly affects clinical reference ranges. We identified various relevant clinical determinants of TSH, FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3 which could reflect endocrine disrupting effects and/or effects on thyroid hormone transport or deiodination.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hamrin, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Prolonged Exercise-Induced Stimulation of Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake Is due to Sustained Increases in Tissue Perfusion and Fractional Glucose Extraction
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 96:4, s. 1085-1092
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: The mechanisms behind the positive effects of physical activity on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle and the time course of the effects need to be more elucidated. Objective: The aim was to examine the prolonged effects of an acute bout of one-legged exercise on local skeletal muscle glucose utilization and tissue perfusion. Design and Setting: Interstitial glucose concentration, local tissue perfusion, glucose uptake, and effects of insulin infusion were studied 12 h after an acute bout of exercise and without prior exercise. Participants: Ten healthy subjects, five women and five men, participated in the study. Intervention: Microdialysis measurements, (133)Xe clearance, and a 2-h hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp were performed on two occasions. Main Outcome Measures: We measured interstitial glucose concentration and tissue perfusion in the quadriceps femoris muscle of both legs. Results: Tissue perfusion (3.3 +/- 0.6 ml x 100 g(-1) x min(-1) vs. 1.4 +/- 0.2 ml x 100 g(-1) x min(-1); P = 0.007) and basal glucose uptake (2.3 +/- 0.5 mu mol x 100 g(-1) x min(-1) vs. 0.9 +/- 0.2 mu mol x 100 g(-1) x min(-1); P = 0.006) were increased in the leg that had exercised compared to the resting leg; the findings in the resting leg were comparable to those in the control experiment without prior exercise. The relative effect of insulin on fractional skeletal muscle glucose uptake was the same in all experimental settings, and insulin did not affect tissue perfusion. Conclusions: The prolonged stimulatory effect of physical exercise on skeletal muscle glucose uptake was mediated via vascular effects combined with an increase in basal glucose transport independent of enhancement of insulin responses.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hirvikoski, Tatja, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive functions in children at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated prenatally with dexamethasone
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 92:2, s. 542-548
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context and Objective: In Sweden, from 1985 through 1995, 40 fetuses at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were treated with dexamethasone (DEX) to prevent virilization of affected females. We report long-term effects on neuropsychological functions and scholastic performance of this controversial treatment. Design and Patients: Prenatally treated children, 7 to 17 yr old, were assessed with standardized neuropsychological tests (A Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment and Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children) and child-completed questionnaires measuring self-perceived scholastic competence (Self-Perception Profile for Children). A parent-completed questionnaire (Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 School Scale) was used to evaluate whether the treatment had any impact on the children's school performance. In addition, a child-completed questionnaire measuring social anxiety (The Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised) was completed by the prenatally treated children aged 8 to 17 yr (n = 21) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 26). Results: Of 40 DEX-treated children, 26 (median age, 11 yr) participated in the study. Thirty-five sex- and age- matched healthy children were controls. There were no between-group differences concerning psychometric intelligence, measures of cerebral lateralization, memory encoding, and long-term memory. Short-term treated, CAH-unaffected children performed poorer than the control group on a test assessing verbal working memory (P = 0.003), and they rated lower on a questionnaire assessing self-perception of scholastic competence (P = 0.003). This group also showed increased self-rated social anxiety assessed by The Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised (P = 0.026). Prenatally treated, CAH-affected children performed poorer than controls on tests measuring verbal processing speed, although this difference disappeared when controlling for the child's full-scale IQ. Conclusions: This study indicates that prenatal DEX treatment is associated with previously not described long-term effects on verbal working memory and on certain aspects of self-perception that could be related to poorer verbal working memory. These findings may thus question future DEX treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Therefore, we encourage additional retrospective studies of larger cohorts to either confirm or challenge the present findings.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kumari, Meena, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-reported sleep duration and sleep disturbance are independently associated with cortisol secretion in the Whitehall II study.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 94:12, s. 4801-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: The association of short sleep duration with cortisol secretion has not been thoroughly examined in large community dwelling populations and the relative importance of short sleep duration and sleep disturbance is unclear. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess the relationships between self-reported sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and salivary cortisol secretion. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional analysis using data from phase 7 (2002-2004) of the Whitehall II study. Sleep disturbances were assessed using a modified version of the Jenkins Scale. SETTING: The occupational cohort was originally recruited in 1985-1989. PARTICIPANTS: Analyses included 2751 participants with complete cortisol measures and who collected their first sample within 15 min of waking, were not on medication affecting cortisol secretion, and had complete information for all covariates. OUTCOME MEASURE: Six saliva samples were taken on waking, waking + 0.5, 2.5, 8, and 12 h and bedtime for the assessment of the cortisol awakening response and the slope in cortisol secretion across the day. RESULTS: In mutually adjusted analyses, both sleep duration and disturbances were independently associated with a flatter diurnal slope in cortisol secretion, such that evening cortisol secretion was raised in those reporting short sleep duration and high sleep disturbance. Short sleep duration was also associated with the cortisol awakening response. These effects were independent of a number of covariates, including waking time on day of sampling and stress on the day of cortisol assessment. CONCLUSION: Short sleep duration and increased sleep disturbances are independently associated with diurnal slope in cortisol secretion of a large community-based cohort of middle-aged men and women.
|
|
| 5. |
- Varga, Tibor V., et al.
(författare)
-
Organizational Justice and Long-term Metabolic Trajectories : A 25-Year Follow-up of the Whitehall II Cohort
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 107:2, s. 398-409
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Organizational justice has been linked to lower risk of several chronic conditions among employees, but less is known about the long-term mechanisms underlying this risk reduction.Objective: To assess whether self-reported organizational justice is associated with individual and composite long-term metabolic trajectories.Design: Twenty-five-year follow-up of the Whitehall II prospective cohort study.Setting: Middle-aged public servants from the United Kingdom.Participants: Data on 8182 participants were used.Main Outcome Measures: Levels of 11 anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure biomarkers were measured at 5 timepoints (1991–2013). We used generalized estimating equations and group-based trajectory modeling to investigate the relationship between organizational justice and biomarker trajectories.Results: High vs low organizational justice were associated with lower waist (−1.7 cm) and hip (−1 cm) circumference, body mass index (−0.6 kg/m2), triglycerides (−1.07 mmol/L), and fasting insulin (−1.08 µIU/mL) trajectories. Two latent metabolic trajectory clusters were identified: a high- and a low-risk cluster. High organizational justice (vs low) were associated with belonging to the low-risk cluster (pooled odds ratio = 1.47). The low-risk cluster demonstrated lower baseline levels of most biomarkers and better glycemic control, whereas the high-risk cluster showed higher baseline levels of most biomarkers, glycemic deterioration, but also greater improvements in lipid levels over time.Conclusions: People with high organizational justice had more favorable long-term cardiometabolic biomarker patterns than those with low organizational justice, indicating a potential mechanism contributing to the lower risk of chronic diseases in the first group. Further intervention studies are warranted to determine whether improvement of organizational justice might improve long-term health.
|
|
| 6. |
- Yan, Xin, et al.
(författare)
-
Differential Impact of Glucose Administered Intravenously and Orally on Circulating miR-375 Levels in Human Subjects
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 102:10, s. 3749-3755
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTo date, numerous nucleic acid species have been detected in the systemic circulation including microRNAs (miRNAs); however, their functional role in this compartment remains unclear.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether systemic levels of miRNAs abundant in blood, including the neuroendocrine tissue-enriched miR-375, are altered in response to a glucose challenge.DesignTwelve healthy males were recruited for an acute crossover study that consisted of two tests each following an 8-hour fasting period. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, and blood samples were collected over a 3-hour period. Following a period of at least 1 week, the same participants were administered an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) with the same blood-collection protocol.ResultsThe glucose response curve following the IIGI mimicked that obtained after the OGTT, but as expected, systemic insulin levels were lower during the IIGI compared with the OGTT (P < 0.05). miR-375 levels in circulation were increased only in response to an OGTT and not during an IIGI. In addition, the response to the OGTT also coincided with the transient increase of circulating glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, GLP-2, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide.ConclusionsThe present findings show levels of miR-375 increase following administration of an OGTT and, in light of its enrichment in cells of the gut, suggest that the gastrointestinal tract may play an important role in the abundance and function of this miRNA in the blood.
|
|
