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Search: L773:2050 084X > Engineering and Technology

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  • Kaucka, Marketa, et al. (author)
  • Oriented clonal cell dynamics enables accurate growth and shaping of vertebrate cartilage
  • 2017
  • In: eLIFE. - : Elife Sciences Publications LTD. - 2050-084X. ; 6
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Cartilaginous structures are at the core of embryo growth and shaping before the bone forms. Here we report a novel principle of vertebrate cartilage growth that is based on introducing transversally-oriented clones into pre-existing cartilage. This mechanism of growth uncouples the lateral expansion of curved cartilaginous sheets from the control of cartilage thickness, a process which might be the evolutionary mechanism underlying adaptations of facial shape. In rod-shaped cartilage structures (Meckel, ribs and skeletal elements in developing limbs), the transverse integration of clonal columns determines the well-defined diameter and resulting rod-like morphology. We were able to alter cartilage shape by experimentally manipulating clonal geometries. Using in silico modeling, we discovered that anisotropic proliferation might explain cartilage bending and groove formation at the macro-scale.
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3.
  • Nakane, Takanori, et al. (author)
  • Characterisation of molecular motions in cryo-EM single-particle data by multi-body refinement in RELION
  • 2018
  • In: eLIFE. - : ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 2050-084X. ; 7
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Macromolecular complexes that exhibit continuous forms of structural flexibility pose a challenge for many existing tools in cryo-EM single-particle analysis. We describe a new tool, called multi-body refinement, which models flexible complexes as a user-defined number of rigid bodies that move independently from each other. Using separate focused refinements with iteratively improved partial signal subtraction, the new tool generates improved reconstructions for each of the defined bodies in a fully automated manner. Moreover, using principal component analysis on the relative orientations of the bodies over all particle images in the data set, we generate movies that describe the most important motions in the data. Our results on two test cases, a cytoplasmic ribosome from Plasmodium falciparum, and the spliceosomal B-complex from yeast, illustrate how multi-body refinement can be useful to gain unique insights into the structure and dynamics of large and flexible macromolecular complexes.
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