| 1. |
- Errando-Herranz, Carlos, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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MEMS for Photonic Integrated Circuits
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. - : IEEE Press. - 1077-260X .- 1558-4542. ; 26:2, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) is reviewed. This field leverages mechanics at the nanometer to micrometer scale to improve existing components and introduce novel functionalities in PICs. This review covers the MEMS actuation principles and the mechanical tuning mechanisms for integrated photonics. The state of the art of MEMS tunable components in PICs is quantitatively reviewed and critically assessed with respect to suitability for large-scale integration in existing PIC technology platforms. MEMS provide a powerful approach to overcome current limitations in PIC technologies and to enable a new design dimension with a wide range of applications.
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| 2. |
- Gao, Jitao, et al.
(författare)
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Elliptical-Core Highly Nonlinear Few-Mode Fiber Based OXC for WDM-MDM Networks
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. - 1558-4542 .- 1077-260X. ; 27:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to realize an optical cross-connect (OXC) converting wavelengths and spatial modes into one-dimensional switching ports, we propose an active mode selective conversion without parasitic wavelength conversion, based on the intermodal four-wave mixing (FWM) arising in a few-mode fiber (FMF). First, we design a dispersion-engineered elliptical-core highly nonlinear FMF (e-HNL-FMF) with a graded refractive index (RI) profile, which can independently guide 3 linearly polarized (LP) spatial modes. Meanwhile, a high doping concentration of germanium in the core leads to relatively high intermodal nonlinear coefficients of 3.23 (W·km)-1 between LP01 and LP11a modes and 3.14 (W·km)-1 between LP01 and LP11b modes. Next, we propose an e-HNL-FMF based OXC scheme for wavelength division multiplexing-mode division multiplexing (WDM-MDM) networks. After optimizing both the e-HNL-FMF length and pump power, we can realize either active mode selective conversion over the designated wavelength-band or three-wavelength to three-mode superchannel conversion for 100 Gbaud 16-quadratic-amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signals over the C-band. Due to excellent characteristics of the e-HNL-FMF, both cost and configuration complexity of the OXC can be reduced, showing great potentials for all-optical signal processing in the future WDM-MDM networks.
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| 3. |
- Wu, Dong, et al.
(författare)
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Four-Wave Mixing-Based Wavelength Conversion and Parametric Amplification in Submicron Silicon Core Fibers
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1077-260X .- 1558-4542. ; 27:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Silicon core fibers represent a versatile platform for all-fiber integrated nonlinear optical applications. This paper describes the state of the art in four-wave mixing-based parametric amplification, and wavelength conversion in silicon fibers that have been tapered to improve the material quality, and engineer the dispersion profile. Fibers with submicron core dimensions have been fabricated, and used to demonstrate high gain parametric amplification in the C-Band, and broadband wavelength conversion extending out to the S-, and L-bands. The potential to use these fibers for all-optical signal processing of 20 Gbit/s data signals has also been demonstrated, with a robust all-fiber coupling scheme presented to improve the efficiency, and practicality of these devices. These results highlight the potential of silicon core fibers for use in nonlinear signal processing within future telecommunication systems.
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| 4. |
- Brydegaard, Mikkel, et al.
(författare)
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High Dynamic Range in Entomological Scheimpflug Lidars
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. - 1077-260X. ; 27:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Minimizing insecticide use, preventing vector diseases and facilitating biodiversity assessments are suitable applications of recent advances in photonic insect surveillance and entomological lidar. The tools also comprise a new window into fundamental aspect of the fascinating life and ecology of insects and their predators in situ. At the same time, it is evident that lidars are subject to finite detection range given by the instrument noise and saturation levels, and therefore, intervals of the biomass spectra are sectioned at different ranges. The Scheimpflug lidar allows an interesting trade-off between high sample rate and low pulse energy for retrieving wing beat harmonics and slow sample rates with high pulse energy for detecting small species far away. In this paper, we review and revise calibration, sizing and associated deficiencies, and report count rates to 104 insects/minute up to 2 km range. We investigate if and how high dynamic range can be exploited in entomological lidar and also how fast and slow sample rates could complement each other and capture a wider span of the biomass spectrum. We demonstrate that smaller insect can be detected further away by long exposures and show consistency between the captured biomass size spectra. However, we find unexpected discrepancies between short and long exposures in the range distributions. We found that vertebrates as well as specular insects can saturate signals. Error sources and limitations are elaborated on.
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