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- Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, et al.
(författare)
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Rheumatoid arthritis as underlying cause of death in 31 countries, 1987-2011: Trend analysis of WHO mortality database
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5205 .- 2326-5191. ; 69:8, s. 1560-1565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To examine trends in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as an underlying cause of death (UCD) in 31 countries across the globe during 1987-2011. Methods Data on mortality and population were collected from the World Health Organization mortality database and the United Nations. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated by means of direct standardization. We applied joinpoint regression analysis for trend analysis. Between-country disparities were examined using between-country variance, and Gini coefficient. Due to low numbers of deaths, we smoothed our ASMR using a three-year moving average. The changes in number of RA deaths between 1987 and 2011 were decomposed using two counterfactual scenarios. Results The absolute number of deaths with RA registered as UCD declined from 9281 (0.12% of all-cause deaths) in 1987 to 8428 in 2011 (0.09% of all-cause deaths). The mean ASMR declined from 7.1/million person-years in 1987-89 to 3.7 in 2009-11 (48.2% reduction). Reduction of 25% or more in ASMR occurred in 21 countries while a corresponding increase was observed in 3 countries. There was a persistent reduction in RA mortality and, on average, the ASMR declined by 3.0% per year. The absolute and relative between-country disparities declined over the study period.CONCLUSION: Mortality rates attributable to RA have declined globally. However, there were substantial between-country disparities in RA mortality, though the disparities decreased over time. Population aging combined with fall in RA mortality may lead to an increase in the economic burden of disease that should be taken into consideration in policy-making. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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- Arnaud, Laurent, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Corticosteroids and Cyclophosphamide on Sex Hormone Profiles in Male Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or Systemic Sclerosis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : WILEY. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 69:6, s. 1272-1279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are autoimmune diseases that predominantly affect female patients, and therefore fewer investigations have been conducted in men. The aim of this study was to analyze sex hormone levels in male patients with SLE and those with SSc, compared to matched controls, in relation to the use of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide (CYC).Methods: Sex hormone levels were measured in fasting blood samples from male patients with SLE (n=71) and those with SSc (n=29) and compared to population-based, age-matched male controls. Relevant hormone profiles were identified using cluster analysis.Results: Male SLE patients had higher levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) (P<0.0001) and more frequent bioactive testosterone deficiency (P=0.02) than their matched controls. The current dosage of prednisolone correlated inversely with the levels of bioactive testosterone (r=-0.36, P=0.03). Cluster analysis identified a subset of SLE patients with increased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, LH, and prolactin as well as lower levels of bioactive testosterone (P<0.0001) in relation to higher daily doses of prednisolone. In male SSc patients, levels of testosterone (P=0.03) and bioactive testosterone (P=0.02) were significantly lower than those in matched controls. Use of CYC during the previous year was associated with lower bioactive testosterone levels in both SLE patients (P=0.02) and SSc patients (P=0.01), after adjustment for age.Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the negative impact of corticosteroids on gonadal function in men with SLE. Furthermore, use of CYC during the year prior to study inclusion impaired bioactive testosterone levels in male patients with either SLE or SSc. Physicians should be more aware of the possibility of hypogonadism in male patients with autoimmune diseases. The need for hormonal supplementation remains to be formally evaluated in these patients.
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- Askling, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Is Rheumatoid Arthritis a Mortal Disease?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 69:8, s. 1509-1511
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Hambardzumyan, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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A Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity Score and the Choice of Second-Line Therapy in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis After Methotrexate Failure
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 69:5, s. 953-963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate whether the Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity (MBDA) score predicts optimal add-on treatment in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were inadequate responders to MTX (MTX-IRs). Methods: We analyzed data from 157 MTX-IRs (with a Disease Activity Score using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-ESR] >3.2) from the Swedish Pharmacotherapy (SWEFOT) trial who were randomized to receive triple therapy (MTX plus sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine) versus MTX plus infliximab. The MBDA score as a predictor of the subsequent DAS28-based response to each second-line treatment was analyzed at randomization with the Breslow-Day test for 2 × 2 groups, using both validated categories (low [<30], moderate [30–44], and high [>44]) and dichotomized categories (lower [≤38] versus higher [>38]). Results: Among the 157 patients, 12% had a low MBDA score, 32% moderate, and 56% high. Of those with a low MBDA score, 88% responded to subsequent triple therapy, and 18% responded to MTX plus infliximab (P = 0.006); for those with a high MBDA score, the response rates were 35% and 58%, respectively (P = 0.040). When using 38 as a cutoff for the MBDA score (29% patients with lower scores versus 71% with higher scores), the differential associations with response to triple therapy versus MTX plus infliximab were 79% versus 44% and 36% versus 58%, respectively (P = 0.001). Clinical and inflammatory markers had poorer predictive capacity for response to triple therapy or MTX plus infliximab. Conclusion: In patients with RA who had an inadequate response to MTX, the MBDA score categories were differentially associated with response to subsequent therapies. Thus, patients with post-MTX biochemical improvements (lower MBDA scores) were more likely to respond to triple therapy than to MTX plus infliximab. If confirmed, these results may help to improve treatment in RA.
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- Hellgren, K., et al.
(författare)
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Rheumatoid Arthritis and Risk of Malignant Lymphoma - Is the risk still increased?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 69:4, s. 700-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of malignant lymphomas with a strong correlation with RA disease severity. Given the changes in RA therapy over recent decades, we aimed at assessing whether lymphoma risk remains increased, and if so, to explore risk predictors and lymphoma subtypes.METHODS: We identified 12,656 incident RA patients from the Swedish Rheumatology Register 1997-2012 including information on therapy and inflammatory activity during the first year following diagnosis. Each patient was matched to 10 population comparator subjects. Through linkage to the Swedish Cancer Register, lymphomas including subtypes were identified. We assessed Hazard ratios (HRs) using Cox regression.RESULTS: Overall, the HR of lymphoma was increased, 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-2.1. Taking RA duration into account, risks did not appear to have declined over successive calendar years of RA diagnosis. Neither use of methotrexate the 1(st) year following RA diagnosis nor ever use of TNF inhibitors (HR=0.9; 95% CI 0.4-1.9) increased lymphoma risk. Use of oral corticosteroids the 1(st) year following RA diagnosis was associated with a reduced risk (HR=0.6; 95% CI 0.5 -0.9). Inflammatory activity during the 1(st) year following RA diagnosis did not predict future lymphoma risk. Chronic lymphocytic lymphoma occurred less, and Hodgkin lymphoma more frequently than expected compared to the general population.CONCLUSION: The average lymphoma risk in recently diagnosed RA is of similar magnitude as that reported from historical cohorts. Standard anti-rheumatic treatment including TNF inhibitors did not predict future lymphoma risk. Distribution of lymphoma subtypes warrants further investigation.
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