| 1. |
- Camut, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Aluminum as promising electrode for Mg-2(Si,Sn)-based thermoelectric devices
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Materials Today Energy. - : Elsevier. - 2468-6069. ; 21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The solid solutions of magnesium silicide and magnesium stannide Mg-2(Si,Sn) are high-performance thermoelectric (TE) materials with the advantage of being composed of light, cheap, and abundant elements. Therefore, they are especially attractive for the conversion of remnant heat into electricity in fields like the automotive sector or the aerospace industry. The optimization of Mg-2(Si,Sn)-based thermoelectric generators requires establishing a suitable electrode to ensure unhindered conduction of the electrical current through the module. We have tested aluminum for such applications and developed a technological process for joining. The obtained functionalized TE legs showed electrical contact resistances below 10 mu Omega cm(2) for both p-and n-type materials and the values are preserved or even lowered with annealing. The p-type material is found to be stable and in the n-type, there is no indication for a charge carrier compensation due to the electrode, as was previously reported e.g. for Cu and Ag. Comparison with other reported electrodes shows that aluminum is so far the most suitable electrode for an Mg-2(Si,Sn)-based module.
|
|
| 2. |
- Etman, Ahmed S., 1986-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mo1.33CTz-Ti3C2Tz mixed MXene freestanding films for zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Materials Today Energy. - : Elsevier. - 2468-6069. ; 22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high demand on fast rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors combined with the limited resources of their active materials (e.g. Li and Co) motivate the exploration of sustainable energy storage systems such as Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors. MXenes are two-dimensional materials with outstanding properties such as high conductivity and capacitance which enhance their performance in energy storage devices. Herein, we report on the use of freestanding Mo1.33CTz–Ti3C2Tz mixed MXene films in Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors. The mixed MXene films are prepared from pristine MXene suspensions using a one-step vacuum filtration approach. The mixed MXene delivers capacities of about 159 and 59 mAh/g at scan rates of 0.5 and 100 mV/s, respectively. These capacity values are higher than the pristine MXene films and previously reported values for MXene electrodes in Zn-ion supercapacitors. Furthermore, the electrodes offer a promising capacity retention of about 90% after 8,000 cycles. In addition, the mixed MXene features energy densities of about 103 and 38 Wh/kg at power densities of 0.143 and 10.6 kW/kg, respectively. Insights into the effect of electrode thickness on rate performance and the mechanism of charge storage are also discussed. This study opens a venue for the use of Mo1.33CTz–Ti3C2Tz mixed MXene electrodes in sustainable energy storage systems with high energy density and power density.
|
|
| 3. |
- Huseynova, Gunel, et al.
(författare)
-
Charge generation efficiency of electrically doped organic semiconductors
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Materials Today Energy. - : Elsevier. - 2468-6069. ; 21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic semiconductors (OSCs) have been a significant focus of research for electronic devices over the years exclusively due to their superior mechanical and optical properties as opposed to conventional inorganic semiconductors (ISCs) such as silicon or germanium. These unique materials have smoothened the path for developing extremely light-weight and ultrathin electronic devices with built-in flexibility and transparency for a considerably low cost. However, the commercial application of these organic materials is limited by their inferior electrical conductivity and charge carrier mobility compared with inorganic counterparts. This review article presents an overview of the works published on how to control and adjust the electrical conductivity of OSCs, focusing on electrical doping. The main point of this review is related to the principles and fundamental mechanisms of charge generation efficiency (CGE) in OSCs, which are significantly different from those of ISCs. The reported CGE of OSCs, defined as the ratio of the generated charge carriers to the dopants, is found to be in the range of a few percent and is significantly small compared with the ISCs. The origin of this lies in the lower dissociation rate of the charge transfer complexes (CTCs) formed between the tightly bound ionized dopants and generated charges. The CTCs induce localized electron-hole pairs, and the dissociation of such CTCs into free charge carriers requires large activation energies to overcome the strong Coulombic forces exerted on the generated charges by the dopant ions. Therefore, high doping concentrations are required to generate a large number of free charge carriers in doped OSC films. In this review, the CGE of OSCs is discussed in detail from the point of view of CTC formation and charge separation efficiencies.
|
|
| 4. |
- Mathayan, Vairavel, et al.
(författare)
-
Sensitive in-operando observation of Li and O transport in thin-film Li-ion batteries
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Materials Today Energy. - : Elsevier. - 2468-6069. ; 21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin-film batteries often contain oxides in the anode, cathode, and electrolyte materials. In-operando methods capable of Li and O depth profiling are relevant for battery research to study, e.g. diffusion and trapping of constituents. Here, we demonstrate ion beam-based analytical methods with high depth resolution and sensitivity for depth profiling Li and O in thin-film batteries using 10 MeV Li and He ions. Simultaneous depth profiling of Li and O was performed using combined coincidence elastic recoil detection analysis and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry measurements in the battery with 8 MeV He ions, and the Li and O transport was measured in operando. Reversible Li transport was observed from the LMO anode to the NbO cathode on charging and vice versa during discharging. O transport was observed from the LMO anode to the NbO cathode on first charging with 3.5 V but was not observed on further charging and discharging of the battery. Our in-operando measurements allow direct and quantitative observation of Li and O transport during charge-discharge cycles for thin-film batteries.
|
|
