| 1. |
- Abzhandadze, Tamar, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming self-reported outcomes from a stroke register to the modified Rankin Scale: a cross-sectional, explorative study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to create an algorithm to transform self-reported outcomes from a stroke register to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Two stroke registers were used: the Vaststroke, a local register in Gothenburg, Sweden, and the Riksstroke, a Swedish national register. The reference variable, mRS (from Vaststroke), was mapped with seven self-reported questions from Riksstroke. The transformation algorithm was created as a result of manual mapping performed by healthcare professionals. A supervised machine learning method-decision tree-was used to further evaluate the transformation algorithm. Of 1145 patients, 54% were male, the mean age was 71 y. The mRS grades 0, 1 and 2 could not be distinguished as a result of manual mapping or by using the decision tree analysis. Thus, these grades were merged. With manual mapping, 78% of the patients were correctly classified, and the level of agreement was almost perfect, weighted Kappa (K-w) was 0.81. With the decision tree, 80% of the patients were correctly classified, and substantial agreement was achieved, K-w=0.67. The self-reported outcomes from a stroke register can be transformed to the mRS. A mRS algorithm based on manual mapping might be useful for researchers using self-reported questionnaire data.
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| 2. |
- Afshin, Ashkan, et al.
(författare)
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Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years
- 2017
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 377:1, s. 13-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Although the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain. METHODS We analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body-mass index (BMI), according to age, sex, cause, and BMI in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015. RESULTS In 2015, a total of 107.7 million children and 603.7 million adults were obese. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in more than 70 countries and has continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than that among adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries has been greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred in persons who were not obese. More than two thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden related to high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated owing to decreases in underlying rates of death from cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS The rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem.
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| 3. |
- Ahlm, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Suicidal drowning deaths in northern Sweden 1992-2009 : the role of mental disorder and intoxication
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1752-928X .- 1878-7487. ; 34, s. 168-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Suicides by drowning have received limited attention by researchers. A recent finding that almost onethird of all drowning deaths in Sweden were classified as suicide instigated this study. We identified 129 cases of suicide by drowning in Northern Sweden and analyzed the circumstances and the psychiatric history prior to the suicide. Information was obtained from autopsy, police and medical records, as well as from the National Inpatient Register. One-third of the suicide victims had previously attempted suicide and half of the victims had been hospitalized due to mental health problems. One-third of these had left the hospital less than one week before the suicide. Alcohol and psychoactive drugs were present in 16% and 62% of the cases, respectively. A history of mental disorder and previous suicide attempt (s), especially by drowning, is an ominous combination necessitating efficient clinical identification, treatment and follow-up if a complete suicide is to be prevented.
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| 4. |
- Andersen, Katja N., et al.
(författare)
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Language Policies in STEM Subjects : Triggering Inclusion, Exclusion, or Abjection?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education. - : Sciendo. - 1691-6301 .- 2255-7547. ; 14:1, s. 85-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination of language policies, the global testing industry, and the role of STEM subjects in school systems have been shown to undermine the inclusion of all pupils, especially with regard to language backgrounds. This lack of inclusion shows signs of developing into a point of systematic exclusion for those students. In this article we will consider the language policies in two national contexts, the Swedish and the Luxembourgish ones, and specifically examine issues of in(ex)clusion in relation to multilingualism in STEM teaching. This study analyzes policy documents on (1) inclusion, (2) language use, and (3) STEM teaching at school in the two national contexts, using a methodology that builds on Popkewitzís (2013; 2014) approach to politics of schooling. Our results show, first, that different policies on language and multilingualism become visible in policy documents for primary school teaching in Sweden and Luxembourg. Secondly, this article discusses what impacts these policies may have on matters of inclusion, exclusion, or abjection in STEM teaching contexts at primary schools.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Anna-Lena, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The stealth policy of inclusion of students with intellectual disability
- 2022
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Ingår i: EDUCATION AND INVOLVEMENT IN PRECARIOUS TIMES. - : School of Education, University of Iceland. - 9789935468222 ; , s. 1039-1039
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish school system is currently undergoing a change, one in which issues of inclusion for students with ID are at stake. Policy documents mirror ideas, beliefs and value systems that are expressed in the society. In order to better understand the processes of in(ex)clusion of students with ID there is a need to analyze policy. In this study we have analyzed 61 parliamentary texts, such as propositions, decisions and investigations from 2011- 2021 considering compulsory school for students with intellectual disabilities, CSSID (Grundsärskola). Specifically, the analysis focused on how inclusion and students with intellectual disability were fabricated by contemporary policy discourses. Findings indicated that inclusion was fabricated as equal rights to schooling, as the right to be assessed and accountability and as being closer to the norm. Furthermore, the results show a strive for alignment of the structure of schools for children without ID and children with ID to synchronize the work between the school forms, and that much emphasis is put on students’ equal participation in the assessment of knowledge. This seems to mean “sameness” regarding hours, and systems in place for assessment. From this our conclusion is that inclusion is above all to be an active neoliberal subject and the most important thing is then that the organizational structures are in alignment. Hence/ this is example on what Allan (2015) calls the Stealth bureaucracy in Sally Tomlinsson’s irresistible rise of the SEN industry. Allan, J. (2015). Stealth bureaucracy in Sally Tomlinsson’s irresistible rise of the SEN industry. In (Eds.), Chris Forlin, Phyllis Jones & Scott Danforth, Foundations of inclusive education research, International perspectives on inclusive education vol 6, p37-52. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. The Open Parliament Laboratory (2021). Örebro universitets analystjänst för riksdagsdata. www.riksdagsdata.oru.se
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the use of and reflections on formative assessment : from student teacher to beginning mathematics teacher : a case study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Assessment Matters. - Auckland, New Zealand : NZCER Press, New Zealand Council for Educational Research. - 1176-7839 .- 2230-617X. ; 15, s. 4-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this case study, we follow the career of one student teacher (Ellen) from her pre-service training to her first year as a mathematics teacher. As part of a research project about what it means to become a mathematics teacher, the aim of the study was to gain insight into the development of formative assessment competence. To accomplish this, we used data from video-recorded lessons and audio-recorded conversations to depict changes in classroom practice and reflections on that practice during the study. Our findings show that Ellen made incremental changes in her classroom practice and that these had an impact on classroom interaction, formative assessment processes, and student involvement in those processes. Corresponding changes were identified in Ellen's reflections, which also indicated that she increased her insight into formative assessment. We discuss our findings in relation both to what it means to become a mathematics teacher and to the development of formative assessment competence.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Maria, 1976-
(författare)
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Digital images as part of an implementation process : patterns in digital representations of community mental health service providers
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Systems for freedom of choice have been implemented as an organizational structure in public welfare in several western countries. The aim of the market model is to increase citizens’ freedom of choice, conduce diversification in service and providers of service, while contribute higher quality of service and facilitate efficient use of public funds. In Sweden “Act of Free Choice Systems” (2008:962) was introduced in 2009, and optional for municipalities to use. Several municipalities have opened up for both public and non-public providers for citizens’ to choose from in different welfare sectors. Mental health care was one of them. The implemented competitive market logic meant providers needed to promote themselves to attract users to be able to stay on the market.Aim: The aim of this study is to describe and analyse how public and non-public providers’ of community mental health care use digital pictures during the time of an implementation of a competitive market system in Sweden.Methods: A case study was conducted. A municipality was strategically selected because a free choice system was implemented in their community mental health care in 2010. Day centres, a common community mental health care support was selected to constitute the focus of the study. All providers had a digital space of their own at the municipality’s website. Digital pictures from each homepage were collected in 2012, when the new system had been running for a while. All pictures were included in the study. Pictures were transcribed using the semiotic model. Transcribed data was analysed with content analyse and categorized into themes. A frequency analysis was conducted to show similarities and differences in content.Results: Homepages showed between 0 and 88 digital pictures. Public providers displayed less pictures than non-public providers. The content analyse identified three main categories: 1. Presenting pictures 2. Illustrative pictures 3. Emotional intermediating pictures. The frequency analyse showed three main recurring contents: pastries (10 providers), flowers and trees (10 providers) and the building’s exterior (9 providers). Distinguishing pictures were; mountain climber (one provider), dogs at the Coffey table (two providers). Analyse/Discussion: Digital pictures seemed to fulfil different purposes; to present activities such as buildings and persons, to illustrate text and to convey feelings of growth, inclusion, participation and friendship. The most recurring picture content was interpreted as follows: pastries, as appealing to the sense of sweetness, something tasting good, homely, attractive; flowers and trees as appealing to growth, literal and symbolic; building’s exterior as representing the place physically. Mountain climber pictures were interpreted as appealing to adventure and excitement, dogs at the Coffey table as appealing to a wish for non-demanding fellowship, a wish for pets.Conclusion: Most providers used digital pictures in their promotion of themselves. Pictures were used in different ways and with different intentions. Non-public providers displayed more pictures than public providers. This might implicate non-public providers were more adjusted to the new competitive system where promotion was part of the game.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Maria, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Extended freedom attained? : A case study of a free-choice market system in community mental health care.
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background/Objectives Systems for freedom of choice within mental health has been implemented in several western countries to increase citizens’ freedom of choice, conduce diversification in service and providers of service, reduce inequalities by providing equitable choice to all users while contribute higher quality of service and facilitate efficient use of public funds. In Sweden “Act of Free Choice Systems” (2008:962) was introduced in 2009, and optional for municipalities to use. Community mental health is organized within the municipalities. The aim of this study is to describe the process of designing and constructing a market of free choice within community mental health, and analyse what kind of freedom of choice the citizen in need of community mental health have, in the example of Daily occupation.Methods A case study was conducted in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, where free choice was implemented in January 2010. The study consists of semi-structured interviews with twenty-eight actors’ involved in the process, complemented with political documents. Interviews were conducted 2009 and 2012. To analyse the material direct content analysis was used, and theories regarding quasi-markets, market design and regulation of markets were applied.Results The design and construction of the market of community mental health have determined the degree of clients’ freedom of choice. The volume of the market was regulated by national legislation, but sometimes influenced by the local political budget, and users sometimes appealed their decisions in court to have their rights assessed by law. Admission rules set by authorities concerning management and staff qualifications, financial stability and technical documentation equipment, determined which providers could enter the market. Many user-led organisations were not able to enter due to the admission rules. Quality regulation was developed by authorities to examine providers within the system. The client should be provided neutral and rich information, though full information was hard to access.Discussion/Conclusion Freedom of choice seems to have been both extended and reduced by the design and construction of the new system. All users theoretically had the same possibilities to choose providers in the system. However the construction limited the actual client choice significantly.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Frames for choice and market characteristics - a Swedish case study of community mental health services in change
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nordic Social Work Research. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 5:3, s. 227-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe and analyse structural frames for choice, as well as characteristics of a free-choice market, implemented in community mental health services in Sweden. Day centres were focused. A case study was conducted. Documents were collected and semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-eight agents involved in the implementation process. Content analysis of data showed that users’ freedom of choice was influenced by detailed regulation. Freedom of choice was extended, but it was also substantially reduced. The gain or loss of freedom of choice depended on which aspects of the system were emphasised. Features, which could be interpreted as paternalistic, were once again structurally embedded, despite a system addressing individual freedom of choice. Further, the market did not seem to be adjusted for the average user of community mental health services.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Freedom of choice or cost efficiency? : the implementation of a free-choice market system in community mental health services in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - : Stockholm University Press. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 18:2, s. 129-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This case study investigates the implementation of a free-choice market system in community mental health services using the example of day centres for people with psychiatric disabilities. It was conducted in a major city that was about to implement a free-choice market system due to a new legislation that made it feasible. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted. Agents situated in different parts of the organization were interviewed one year before and two years after the free-choice system was launched in 2010. Data showed a top–down political process. A majority of the intentions of the legislation advocated individual autonomy as the market system's main purpose; only one concerned organizational efficiency. Data reflected, however, that financial efficiency dominated the agents' experiences of the implemented system. The twofold market purpose was clearly reflected in the interviews. Front-line staff hoped for improvements mainly for the users, whereas managers mainly focused on the market as a resource allocator.
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