| 1. |
- Bergman, Penny, et al.
(författare)
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Age-related decline in senses and cognition : A Review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Senses and Sciences. - Rom : Eleven Senses Info. - 2284-2489. ; 8:2, s. 1264-1292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Age-related decline in the senses is well-known, with a decline in the sensitivity of all senses having been observed. Decline in the senses can be connected to different neurological disorders and cognitive function and may even be a possible predictor of death. Aim: The aim of this narrative review was to find and explore recent literature on the covariation between age-related decline in the different senses and co-existing effects on cognitive ability and quality of life. Results and Discussion: Six themes could be identified, these were: “Decline due to normal ageing?”, “Technical aids and solutions”, “Wellbeing”, “Memory training”, “Verbal exercises” and “Sensory training”. Large differences between the different senses were obtained. However, the senses showed similar patterns in the different themes. Conclusion: It could be concluded that there are many similarities concerning the connections between the decline in individual senses and cognition and memory. Measurements of wellbeing and quality of life are common in the evaluation of the senses, and all types of decline have an impact on activities in daily life.
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| 2. |
- Norin, Lizette, et al.
(författare)
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Housing adaptations and housing accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing spinal cord injury
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; , s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Adults with spinal cord injuries are living longer than previously, and a majority are living in ordinary housing in the community. Housing accessibility is important for maintaining independent occupational performance for this population, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. We investigated housing adaptations and current accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing (>10 years) spinal cord injuries. Method: Data from home visits among 122 older adults with spinal cord injuries in Sweden were used. Housing adaptations and environmental barriers were descriptively analysed. Findings: Kitchens, entrances, and hygiene areas were common locations for housing adaptations and environmental barriers that generated accessibility problems. The most common adaptations were ramps, wheelchair-accessible stovetops, and ceiling-lifts. Wall-mounted cupboards and high shelves (kitchen), inaccessible storage areas (outside the dwelling), and a lack of grabbars (hygiene area) generated the most accessibility problems. Conclusion: Despite housing adaptations, there are considerable accessibility problems in the dwellings of older adults with long-standing spinal cord injuries in Sweden, indicating that long-term follow-up of the housing situation of this population is necessary. Focusing on accessible housing as a prerequisite for occupational performance is at the core of occupational therapy, deserving attention on the individual as well as the societal level.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Ingemar, 1950-
(författare)
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Rehabilitering vid långvarig smärta
- 2010. - 2
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Ingår i: Smärta och smärtbehandling. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147084135 ; , s. 401-409
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Hommel, Ami, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of optimised treatment of people with hip fracture on time to operation, length of hospital stay, reoperations and mortality within 1 year
- 2008
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Ingår i: Injury. - : Elsevier. - 0020-1383 .- 1879-0267. ; 39:10, s. 1164-1174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hip fractures are a major cause of hospital stay among the elderly, and result in increased disability and mortality. In this study from 1 April 2003 to 31 March 2004, the influence of optimised treatment of hip fracture on time to operation, length of hospital stay, reoperations and mortality within 1 year were investigated. Comparisons were made between the first 210 patients in the period and the last 210 patients, who followed the new clinical pathway introduced at the University Hospital in Lund, Sweden. Early surgery, within 24h, was not associated with reduced mortality, but was significantly associated with reduced length of stay (p<0.001). Significantly more cases of osteosynthesis for femoral neck fracture were reoperated compared with all other types of surgery (p<0.001) when reoperations with extraction of the hook pins in healed fractures were excluded. Mortality was significantly higher among men than women at 4 (p=0.025) and 12 (p=0.001) months after fracture and among medically fit patients with administrative delay to surgery compared with patients with no delay (p<0.001).
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| 5. |
- Stiernman, Mia, et al.
(författare)
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Scores of the cleft hearing, appearance and speech questionnaire (CHASQ) in Swedish participants with cleft lip and/or cleft palate and a control population
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. - Lawrence : SAGE Publications. - 1055-6656 .- 1545-1569. ; 58:3, s. 347-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether there was any difference in scores of the Cleft Hearing, Appearance and Speech Questionnaire (CHASQ) between patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) and a control population. The second aim was to compare CL/P and control population scores in this study with a British norm CL/P population.DESIGN: Single-site, cross-sectional study with an age-matched control population.SETTING: Participants were recruited from a hospital, a school, and a sports club. They answered the CHASQ in the hospital or at home.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-four participants with CL/P (7-19 years of age) and a control population of 56 participants without CL/P (9-20 years of age).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: CHASQ.RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction with cleft-related features between the CL/P and the control population. Participants with CL/P were significantly more satisfied with non-cleft-related features than the control population. Cleft Hearing, Appearance and Speech Questionnaire scores were also similar to earlier established British normative data of a CL/P population.CONCLUSION: The results indicated that children and young people with CL/P were as satisfied with their appearance, hearing, and speech as children and young people without CL/P. Swedish CHASQ scores were also similar to British scores.
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| 6. |
- Akner, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Multisjuka och bräckliga äldre
- 2015
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Ingår i: Mat och hälsa. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144083575 ; , s. 105-108-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Andersson, C, et al.
(författare)
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The three ZNT8 autoantibody variants together improve the diagnostic sensitivity of childhood and adolescent type 1 diabetes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Autoimmunity. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0891-6934 .- 1607-842X. ; 44:5, s. 394-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We tested whether autoantibodies to all three ZnT8RWQ variants, GAD65, insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), insulin and autoantibodies to islet cell cytoplasm (ICA) in combination with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) would improve the diagnostic sensitivity of childhood type 1 diabetes by detecting the children who otherwise would have been autoantibody-negative.Methods: A total of 686 patients diagnosed in 1996–2005 in Skåne were analyzed for all the seven autoantibodies [arginin 325 zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8RA), tryptophan 325 zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8WA), glutamine 325 Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8QA), autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), Autoantibodies to islet-antigen-2 (IA-2A), insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and ICA] in addition to HLA-DQ genotypes.Results: Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody to either one or all three amino acid variants at position 325 (ZnT8RWQA) was found in 65% (449/686) of the patients. The frequency was independent of age at diagnosis. The ZnT8RWQA reduced the frequency of autoantibody-negative patients from 7.5 to 5.4%—a reduction by 28%. Only 2 of 108 (2%) patients who are below 5 years of age had no autoantibody at diagnosis. Diagnosis without any islet autoantibody increased with increasing age at onset. DQA1-B1*X-0604 was associated with both ZnT8RA (p = 0.002) and ZnT8WA (p = 0.01) but not with ZnT8QA (p = 0.07). Kappa agreement analysis showed moderate (>0.40) to fair (>0.20) agreement between pairs of autoantibodies for all combinations of GADA, IA-2A, ZnT8RWQA and ICA but only slight ( < 0.19) agreement for any combination with IAA.Conclusions: This study revealed that (1) the ZnT8RWQA was common, independent of age; (2) multiple autoantibodies were common among the young; (3) DQA1-B1*X-0604 increased the risk for ZnT8RA and ZnT8WA; (4) agreement between autoantibody pairs was common for all combinations except IAA. These results suggest that ZnT8RWQA is a necessary complement to the classification and prediction of childhood type 1 diabetes as well as to randomize the subjects in the prevention and intervention of clinical trials.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Ingemar, 1950-
(författare)
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Långvarig smärta - en introduktion
- 2010. - 2
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Ingår i: Smärta och smärtbehandling. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147084135 ; , s. 387-400
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Brorsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Correlations between islet autoantibody specificity and the SLC30A8 genotype with HLA-DQB1 and metabolic control in new onset type 1 diabetes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Autoimmunity. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0891-6934 .- 1607-842X. ; 44:2, s. 107-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We hypothesised that the correlation between autoantibody specificity for the ZnT8 Arg325Trp isoforms and the type 2 diabetes-associated rs13266634 may affect beta-cell function at type 1 diabetes (T ID) onset. To study this, we tested 482 newly diagnosed diabetic probands and 478 healthy siblings from the Danish population-based T1D registry for autoantibodies to ZnT8 (ZnT8A) in addition to GAD65 and IA-2. The prevalence and titres of autoantibodies were correlated with genotypes for rs13266634 and HLA-DQB1, age at diagnosis (AAD) and insulin dose-adjusted HbA1c (IDAA1c), as a proxy for residual beta-cell function. We replicated the correlation between rs13266634 genotypes and specificity for the ZnT8-Argenine (ZnT8R) and ZnT8-Tryptophan (ZnT8W) isoforms previously reported. ZnT8A overlapped substantially with autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GADA) and IA-2 (IA-2A) and correlated significantly with IA-2A prevalence (p < 2e-16). No effect on IDAA1c was demonstrated for ZnT8A or rs13266634. We found a correlation between ZnT8R positivity and HLA-DQB1*0302 genotypes (p = 0.016), which has not been shown previously. Furthermore, significantly lower ZnT8R and GADA prevalence and titres was found among probands with AAD < 5 years (prevalence: p = 0.004 and p = 0.0001; titres: p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). The same trend was observed for IA-2A and ZnT8W; however, the difference was non-significant. Our study confirms ZnT8 as a major target for autoantibodies at disease onset in our Danish T1D cohort of children and adolescents, and we have further characterised the relationship between autoantibody specificity for the ZnT8 Arg325Trp epitopes and rs13266634 in relation to established autoantibodies, AAD, measures of beta-cell function and HLA-DQB1 genotypes in T1D.
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| 10. |
- Jakobsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Construct validity of the SF-12 in three different samples
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Evaluation In Clinical Practice. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1356-1294 .- 1365-2753. ; 18:3, s. 560-566
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale, aims and objectives Studies have challenged the validity and underlying measurement model of the physical and mental component summary scores of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey in, for example the elderly and people with neurological disorders. However, it is unclear to what extent these observations translate to physical and mental component summary scores derived from the 12-item short form (SF-12) of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey. This study evaluated the construct validity of the SF-12 in elderly people and people with Parkinson's disease (PD) and stroke.Methods SF-12 data from a general elderly (aged 75+) population (n = 4278), people with PD (n = 159) and stroke survivors (n = 89) were analysed regarding data quality, reliability (coefficient alpha) and internal construct validity. The latter was assessed through item-total correlations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.Results Completeness of data was high (93–98.8%) and reliability was acceptable (0.78–0.85). Item-total correlations argued against the suggested items-to-summary scores structure in all three samples. Exploratory factor analyses failed to support a two-dimensional item structure among elderly and stroke survivors, and cross-loadings of items were seen in all three samples. Confirmatory factor analyses showed lack of fit between empirical data and the proposed items-to-summary measures structure in all samples.Conclusions These observations challenge the validity and interpretability of SF-12 scores among the elderly, people with PD and stroke survivors. The standard orthogonally weighted SF-12 scoring algorithm is cautioned against. Instead, when the assumed two-dimensional structure is supported in the data, oblique scoring algorithms appear preferable. Failure to consider basic scoring assumptions may yield misleading results.
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