| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, et al.
(author)
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Sense of coherence of reindeer herders and other Samis in comparison to other Swedish citizens
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 72:1, s. Art. no. 20633-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Samis are indigenous people in north Europe. In the territory called Sapmi (Lapland), reindeer herding is the traditional base for the Sami economy. The relation between living conditions and positive health of the Swedish Samis has been sparsely studied. As health is closely linked to sense of coherence (SOC), an understanding of the background factors to SOC may contribute knowledge that might be useful in promoting living conditions and health. Methods. The study examines relations between the level of SOC and background factors from surveys in a Sami population (n = 613) in comparison to a non-Sami population (n = 525) in Sweden, and in comparison between 2 subsamples of Samis, that is, herders and non-herders. Results. There are more similarities than differences between the Sami and non-Sami populations. However, dividing the Sami population, reindeer herders had significantly lower SOC, and in specific the subcomponent manageability, that is, less ability to use available resources to meet different demands in life, compared to non-herders. Conclusions. In addition to age and health, predictors of SOC are related to the life form of reindeer husbandry and the belonging to the herding community.
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| 2. |
- Ahlin, Karin, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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IoT in Elementary School for Everyone – A Research Plan
- 2022
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In: Challenges of Trustable AI and Added-Value on Health. - : IOS Press. - 9781643682846 - 9781643682853 ; , s. 955-956
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose a tentative research plan to increase students’ mental healthin elementary schools by implementing Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Theresearch plan should answer how to support students’ mental health using IoTsolutions and the critical factors influencing testbeds for IoT solutions with thepreviously mentioned purpose. Our intended research method is Design Science,which we plan to use stepwise.
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| 3. |
- Beery, T. H., et al.
(author)
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Nature to place : Rethinking the environmental connectedness perspective
- 2014
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In: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 40, s. 198-205
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The environmental connectedness perspective posits that direct encounter with generalized, or non-specific "nature," leads to environmental connectedness and subsequent pro-environmental behavior. This article examines this perspective and proposes a place-based application of the nature encounter-environmental behavior relation. An empirical study using data from a national survey on outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism is presented. Results show a minimal relationship between measures of environmental connectedness and self-reports of environmental behavior. The following examination of the environmental connectedness perspective reveals that environmental connectedness is rooted in a material/objective perspective, neglecting the human domain of perceptions, values, and representations. The environment as "nature" is portrayed as a geographically undefined agent with the inherent power to change human attitudes and behavior. Based on this, the article concludes with a proposed replacement of the elusive concept of nature for the relational concept of place. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 4. |
- Bolton, Tom, et al.
(author)
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On the security and privacy challenges of virtual assistants
- 2021
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In: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 21:7, s. 1-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Since the purchase of Siri by Apple, and its release with the iPhone 4S in 2011, virtual assistants (VAs) have grown in number and popularity. The sophisticated natural language processing and speech recognition employed by VAs enables users to interact with them conversationally, almost as they would with another human. To service user voice requests, VAs transmit large amounts of data to their vendors; these data are processed and stored in the Cloud. The potential data security and privacy issues involved in this process provided the motivation to examine the current state of the art in VA research. In this study, we identify peer-reviewed literature that focuses on security and privacy concerns surrounding these assistants, including current trends in addressing how voice assistants are vulnerable to malicious attacks and worries that the VA is recording without the user’s knowledge or consent. The findings show that not only are these worries manifold, but there is a gap in the current state of the art, and no current literature reviews on the topic exist. This review sheds light on future research directions, such as providing solutions to perform voice authentication without an external device, and the compliance of VAs with privacy regulations.
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| 5. |
- Bäck, Hanna, et al.
(author)
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Elite communication and affective polarization among voters
- 2023
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In: Electoral Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-3794 .- 1873-6890. ; 84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- How does elite communication influence affective polarization between partisan groups? Drawing on the literature on partisan source cues, we expect that communication from in- or outgroup party representatives will increase affective polarization. We argue that polarized social identities are reinforced by partisan source cues, which bias perceptions of elite communication and result in increased intergroup differentiation. Further, we expect that the effect of such source cues is greater for voters with stronger partisan affinities. To evaluate our hypotheses, we performed a survey experiment among about 1300 voters in Sweden. Our analyses show that individuals who received a factual political message with a source cue from an in- or outgroup representative exhibited higher affective polarization, especially when they already held strong partisan affinities. This suggests that political elites can increase affective polarization by reinforcing existing group identities, and that this occurs in conjunction with biased interpretation of elite communication. The results improve our understanding of how political elites can influence affective polarization and add to previous research on party cues and attitude formation by demonstrating that such source cues can also increase intergroup differentiation.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Deutschmann, Mats, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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“Let’s Keep it Informal, Guys” : a Study of the Effects of Teacher Communicative Strategies on Student Activity and Collaborative Learning in Internet-based English Courses
- 2008
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In: Tidskrift för lärarutbildning och forskning. - Umeå : The faculty board for teacher education. - 1404-7659. ; 15:2, s. 36-58
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper explores the quantity and quality of communication produced by teachers in Internet courses of academic English, particularly during the initial stages of course activity. The courses are entirely conducted in virtual learning environments without physical meetings, and are part of the Bachelor programme (A–C level) of English at Mid Sweden University. The pedagogic design of the courses is based on collaborative learning, which presupposes a communicative environment with positive interdependence and interaction, where knowledge is shared by students questioning and challenging each other. Consequently, the teacher’s role in setting communicative norms which encourage an environment of high acceptance, where students feel that they can express their opinions freely, is of utmost importance. The results suggest that there are two important factors that affect student activity in the initial stages of an online course: how much the teacher communicates with the class and the manner in which he or she does so.
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| 8. |
- Kängsepp, Pille, et al.
(author)
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Hydraulic performance of a full-scale peat and ash biofilter in treatment of industrial landfill leachate
- 2009
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In: Waste Management & Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0734-242X .- 1096-3669. ; 27:5, s. 512-519
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hydraulic performance of a full-scale on-site vertical-flow biofilter, consisting of a mixture of peat and carbon-containing ash, and a 500 m3 equalization pond prior to the filter-system. The treatment plant was constructed to clean up leachate from an industrial mono-landfill that contained shredder residues of end-of-life vehicles and white goods. With the limited storage capacity of the equalization pond, peak loading rates exceeded up to five to six times the designed daily hydraulic load limit of the biofilter system. Such relatively short overloading events did not negatively affect the purification efficiency. To provide the designed annual irrigation rate on the biofilter of 97 m3 day— 1 (or 133 mm day—1), with large seasonal variations in precipitation, a relatively large pond would be needed. Calculations showed that a storage volume of about 23 000 m3 would be sufficient for annual leachate volumes up to about 35 000 m3. A combination of sprinkler and drip irrigation with straw insulation of the latter made it possible to run the plant continuously even when the ambient air temperature was below zero for more than a month at a time. The grain size distribution of the biofilter medium was noticeably changed after 4 years of usage due to the loading of suspended solids from the leachate and decomposition of the peat, causing reduced hydraulic conductivity.
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| 9. |
- Kängsepp, Pille, et al.
(author)
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Hydraulic performance of a full-scale peat and ash biofilter in treatment of industrial landfill leachate
- 2009
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In: Waste Management & Research. - 0734-242X .- 1096-3669. ; 27:5, s. 512-519
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hydraulic performance of a full-scale on-site vertical-flow biofilter, consisting of a mixture of peat and carbon-containing ash, and a 500 m3 equalization pond prior to the filter-system. The treatment plant was constructed to clean up leachate from an industrial mono-landfill that contained shredder residues of end-of-life vehicles and white goods. With the limited storage capacity of the equalization pond, peak loading rates exceeded up to five to six times the designed daily hydraulic load limit of the biofilter system. Such relatively short overloading events did not negatively affect the purification efficiency. To provide the designed annual irrigation rate on the biofilter of 97 m3 day— 1 (or 133 mm day—1), with large seasonal variations in precipitation, a relatively large pond would be needed. Calculations showed that a storage volume of about 23 000 m3 would be sufficient for annual leachate volumes up to about 35 000 m3. A combination of sprinkler and drip irrigation with straw insulation of the latter made it possible to run the plant continuously even when the ambient air temperature was below zero for more than a month at a time. The grain size distribution of the biofilter medium was noticeably changed after 4 years of usage due to the loading of suspended solids from the leachate and decomposition of the peat, causing reduced hydraulic conductivity.
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| 10. |
- Lakhan, Abdullah, et al.
(author)
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Cost-Efficient Service Selection and Execution and Blockchain-Enabled Serverless Network for Internet of Medical Things
- 2021
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In: Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering. - : American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS). - 1547-1063 .- 1551-0018. ; 18:6, s. 7344-7362
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- These days, healthcare applications on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) network have been growing to deal with different diseases via different sensors. These healthcare sensors are connecting to the various healthcare fog servers. The hospitals are geographically distributed and offer different services to the patients from any ubiquitous network. However, due to the full offloading of data to the insecure servers, two main challenges exist in the IoMT network. (i) Data security of workflows healthcare applications between different fog healthcare nodes. (ii) The cost-efficient and QoS efficient scheduling of healthcare applications in the IoMT system. This paper devises the Cost-Efficient Service Selection and Execution and Blockchain-Enabled Serverless Network for Internet of Medical Things system. The goal is to choose cost-efficient services and schedule all tasks based on their QoS and minimum execution cost. Simulation results show that the proposed outperform all existing schemes regarding data security, validation by 10%, and cost of application execution by 33% in IoMT.
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