| 1. |
- Devine, Josefin, 1982-
(författare)
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Bygden, byarna och buan : studier av bebyggelsenamnen i Hackås och Ovikens socknar, med ett särskilt avsnitt om fäbodnamnen
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the etymological background of the settlement names in the parishes of Hackås and Oviken in the province of Jämtland, and use the names to elucidate the settlement history of the area. Another purpose is to discuss the relationship between, and the semantic development of, the name element and common noun ås. Furthermore, the purpose is to describe the name usage and the name continuity amongst the summer farm names. The selection of names is based on the principles used in the publication series Sveriges ortnamn [The place-names of Sweden], in which this study will be incorporated. In essence, that includes parish names, village names and names of independent farms. In addition to that, summer farm names are analysed. The material has primarily been collected from the Place-name Archive in Uppsala (OAU), and then supplemented through extracting name forms from historical maps and different land registry records. Regarding the summer farm names, workshops have been conducted in collaboration with the local community associations in Hackås and Oviken, which have been the basis for the name continuity discussion. The summer farm names are also morphologically and semantically analysed to reveal patterns in construction and usage. The linguistic analysis of the individual village names in Hackås and Oviken, together with archaeological finds, suggest that there was an Iron Age community in Hackås, while the Oviken area has been used for example as fishing/hunting grounds and was colonised to a greater extent in the medieval era. In Hackås there are several place-names judged to be pre-Christian, such as Hov, Sanne, Salom and the several names constructed with -sta(d). Oviken parish show signs of quick settlement expansion, such as the large number of names with (-)ås or -gård. The name element ås has, because of a large number of medieval settlements founded around the same time, also started to function as denoting settlements, side by side with the nature-describing meaning carried by the common noun. This explains the number of names containing -ås denoting places that does not show the usual characteristics for an ås. Results of the summer farm name analysis show typical structures; summer farm names are often compound and reference ownership/usership or the location. The name usage is an oral rather than written practise. Name continuity for summer farm names has decreased during the last decades as transhumance is no longer widely practised, and several names in the study are unknown to locals.
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| 2. |
- Edlund, Lars-Erik, Professor, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Aktuell litteratur om svenska dialekter
- 2020
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Ingår i: Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv. - Uppsala : Kungl. Gustav Adolfs akademien. - 0347-1837. ; 142:2019, s. 171-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Edlund, Lars-Erik, Professor, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Aktuell litteratur om svenska dialekter
- 2021
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Ingår i: Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv. - Uppsala : Kungliga Gustav Adolfs Akademien. - 0347-1837. ; 143:2020, s. 215-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Edlund, Lars-Erik, 1953-
(författare)
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Studier över nordsvenska ortsboöknamn
- 1985
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with collective nicknames denoting the inhabitants of a place (parish, village etc.) in northern Sweden, i.e. names of the type arnästjuvar (denoting the inhabitants of the parish of Arnäs; tjuv 'thief') and tynderötuppar (denoting the inhabitants of the parish of Tynderö; tupp 'cock'). The main aim of the thesis is to explain why various nickname elements were chosen and to describe the general character of the nicknames of northern Sweden.These nicknames have been used collectively about the inhabitants of a certain place in a jocular or derogatory sense. They have been used above all in male-dominated contexts, e.g. in military camps. The nicknames are ethnocentric: they denote individuals in their capacity as members of a group. They are often related to other, similar names, so that they form series which are connected phonetically, semantically or from the point of view of word formation. The discussion of these aspects is based on Hugo Moser's research on "Namenfelder".Sources from about 1600 to the present day have been used as material. The bulk of the material consists of answers to questionnaires from the 20th century. Because of the construction of the questionnaires the material is to some extent imperfect.The nicknames often reflect various aspects of the society of the individuals, but today the explanation for names is quite often secondary and a result of folk-etymology. Some nicknames reflect the trades of the inhabitants, others social conditions, diet or dress, others ethnic conditions. The nickname strömmingar was often given to people living on the coast where fishing was an important source of income. The nickname element finnar reflects local settlement by Finns. Some nicknames probably reflect various linguistic conditions (dialectal pronunciation, characteristic place-names or personal names), pictures in local seals or historical events.Several nickname elements have been chosen through association with the form of the place-name or the name of the inhabitants, or with existing nicknames, referring either to the inhabitants themselves or their neighbours. There is often a similarity in sound between the place-name (or the name of the inhabitants) and nickname elements. We find e.g. alliteration, assonance and rhyme, or formations in which the place-name (or the name of the inhabitants, or part of it) is compounded with a nickname element to make up an appellative which already exists. The latter kind of formation may be illustrated with the nickname bergtroll ('mountain trolls') to denote those who live in S'àvaiberg (in the parish of Sävar). Some nicknames have as their basis an association from the place-name (or the name of the inhabitants) to the nickname element chosen. The associations are frequently difficult to trace. A nickname like orrlidtuppar (denoting those who live in Orrliden in the parish of Skellefteå) was no doubt chosen through association with the appellative orrtupp 'blackcock'. When the nickname smedstaspiken (denoting the inhabitants of Smedsta in the parish of Lit) was coined, the place-name element smed 'smith' was associated with the closely related spik 'nail'.A close analysis of nicknames denoting parish inhabitants in northern Sweden shows that there are often pairs (or series) of nicknames which are related phonetically (through alliteration, assonance or rhyme), semantically or morphologically, just as nicknames denoting neighbours may be connected in a similar way.Frequently, parish inhabitants have different names in relation to different neighbours. How innovations are introduced and spread is shown by the sfw/"/Z?wf-nicknames in the province of Ångermanland. An analysis of the nicknames denoting the inhabitants of parishes in north-eastern Ångermanland shows that the inhabitants of the old parishes have only one nickname each-a name which is known over a large area-while the inhabitants of the newer parishes have several nicknames. The reason why several nicknames are used to denote inhabitants in newer parishes seems to be that there was no old, unequivocal nickname tradition to fall back on.In the final chapter the importance of patterns for the formation of nicknames is stressed, but also the importance of creativity and coinages. A striking coinage has a great chance of becoming generally accepted and also of becoming the centre of new groups of nicknames.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Lindblom, Else Britt, 1926-
(författare)
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Studier över önamnen i Luleå skärgård
- 1988
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to present and examine the names of the islands in the archipelago of Luleå innorthern Sweden. The basis for the studies is a collection of names, which contains written forms excerpted from sources from the 14th to the 20th century and local pronunciations of old as well as modern names. The names ofthe islands in the collection have been studied from three aspects.The first study (chapter 2) deals with the structure of the names and especially that of names of islands in double compound. The lack of s in names like Storhäll-grundet, where dialects in the south of Sweden and Standard Swedish would have Storhällsgrundet, is the starting point of the investigation. (Some double compounds have s in the compounding link like Bullerskärs-grundet. They are also discussed.)The hypothesis advanced is that the dialectal distribution of the accent in the names in northern Sweden makes it possible to show where the link in the double compound is, so the 5, which in Standard Swedish and in the dialects in the south of Sweden is needed to mark the semantic limit between the parts of the compound, is not needed in the dialects of northern Sweden.The stress in double compounds of the type AB-C (see above) is on the last element of the name or word: ——. Names in double compound of the type A-BC like Lill-Kvarnören have a different type of accent: — — with the stress on the first element of the name or word. The two different main accents in double compounds of the type AB-C and A-BC: — — — and — — — have the status of markers showing where the compounding link in the compound is, so the s is not needed in the compounds of the type AB-C in the dialects of northern Sweden. The study includes names of islands containing double compounds in the whole of Norrbotten and appellative double compounds from a collection of words from a village in Nederluleå.The second study (chapter 3) deals with the relationship between the names and the land uplift. The Bothnian Bay is an area of rapid land uplift. The land uplift has its highest estimated values, 0,9 meters in 100 years, on the coast north of Skellefteå up to Luleå. Many names of islands have disappeared because the islands have been uplifted, especially in what used to be large bays, now large shallow lakes like Persöfjärden. New water-surrounded areas have on the other hand been named like Sandgrönnorna, described from old maps from 1790 and from photographs from 1946.Chapter 3 consists of three sections, in which separate studies of names in relation to the land uplift are presented. The first section deals with the names ending in -grundet, -grunden. Originally names of under-water localities, they are now names of small islands and grundet has changed its denotation to 'small island' in the area. The second section in chapter 3 presents a method for the dating of names of island in uplifted areas. Many large islands, now uplifted, still have the names they had as water-surrounded islands. By following the equidistance curves around the locality it is possible to find out at what equidistance it was surrounded by water. Before that time it must have been named as an island. That is terminus ante quem, TAQ, for the name. The third section deals with the names of vattung, which can be dated from the time of their rise above the sea level. A vattung, 5 meters high, can thus be about 500 years old, terminus post quem, TPQ, about 1450. The studies presented above show that some names can be dated to the Viking Age.The third study (chapter 4) deals with the names of large islands and the colonization. The colonization period of the northern part of Sweden is reflected in many names of large islands containing personal names like Hertsön and Germandön. No archipelago in Scandinavia shows such an amount of names of islands containing personal names. Most personal names are Nordic and can be compared to those in the names ending in -mark in Västerbotten and the south of Norrbotten. - Some of the names of islands containing personal names have also been dated in chapter 3. They are among the oldest names in Nederluleå.In chapter 5 the names in the studies are put in relation to the historical and archaeological records in Norrbotten and can thus contribute to throwing light upon the colonization period of northern Sweden.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Svahn, Margareta, 1957-
(författare)
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Finnskägg, tåtel och sia : Om folkliga namn på gräs
- 1991
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- By collecting and analysing plant names linguistically, a knowledge of popular botany and its relationshipto scientific botany can be obtained.This study has two primary aims: to describe the popular botanical view of the part of thevegetal world represented by grasses and to illustrate the dialectal use of plant names.The material consists of dialectal names for grasses and has been taken chiefly from variousarchives. The area investigated is primarily Sweden, but other parts of Fenno-Scandinavia, chieflyNorway and parts of Finland where Swedish is spoken, have also been included. The plant namesanalysed are either equivalents or synonyms: they have the same meaning but different geographicalareas of distribution or the same meaning and the same geographical areas of distribution.Three popular "species", each of which represents three different correspondences betweenpopular and scientific botany are described."Grass with a panicle" illustrates underdifferentiation. A number of grasses are collectivelygiven the same name. The grasses are primarily characterised by their similarity in appearance,but they are also used in the same way, as fodder grasses. "Grass with a panicle" has five namesin Swedish dialects: ven, tåtel, bunk, jägarn and tannar."Vegetative tillers" exemplifies overdifferentiation. The tillers are only one part of the plant,which means that the popular classification is more differentiated than the scientific one. Thereare probably several reasons for this differentiation: The vegetative tillers are the first to appearin spring, before the culms with panicles. The tillers are grazed, not cut like the flowering stems.The names found in Swedish dialects are rysk, tov and sia."Mat-grass" represents one-to-one correspondence. The "species" is on the whole identicalwith the scientific species mat-grass. The reason for this identity is the characteristic appearanceof the plant and its hardness. It is difficult to cut. In Swedish dialects mat-grass has five nameswhich are widely spread: stagg, finnskägg, hära, sägg and fnugg. But it also has a great numberof names with a very limited distribution. Because of the special efforts required at harvesttime—mat-grass often bent to the scythe only to rise again soon afterwards—this grass could stirup emotions and hence it has been subject to affective word-formation.The material points to the conclusion that external characteristics of plants may be decisive fortheir classification in popular botany. It is important to note, however, that the use made of aplant is also important in the popular division of "species".
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| 10. |
- Westum, Asbjörg, 1960-
(författare)
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Ris, skäver och skärva : Folklig kategorisering av några barnsjukdomar ur ett kognitivt semantiskt perspektiv
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Swedish dialects we find the terms ris,skäver and skärva referring to illnesses in children. The words are also parts of various compounds which refer to variants of the illnesses. The terms are linguistic expressions denoting two folk categories of illnesses, RIS and SKÄVER/SKÄRVA. These categories are investigated from a cognitive semantic perspective. The cognitive perspective argues that we organize our understanding of reality by using Idealized Cognitive Models (ICM) based on our physical, mental and emotional experiences of the world. The aim is twofold: to demonstrate the bases on which an experienced illness is placed in a certain category, and to show how a folk conception of illness is reflected in the word formation strategies. The word formation strategies emanate from notions of characteristic symptoms, and from notions of causes of illnesses. Both categories, RIS and SKÄVER/SKÄRVA, are based on a number of ICM's. The category RIS is a radial structure, which means that the category is held together although its members have no structural criteria in common. The category SKÄVER/SKÄRVA is a concentrating structure, meaning that all members share all structural criteria. There is a strong connection between word formation strategies and the structures of the categories. Terms related to symptoms refer to members of a category which are part of a radial structure, while terms related to causes refer to members of a category which are part of a concentrating structure. This can be explained by two of the basic assumptions of cognitive semantics: semantic content is structred and symbolized overtly on the surface form of a language and categories are conventional, based on cultural assumptions about the world.
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