| 1. |
- Aamodt Bentsen, Beint Magnus
(author)
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Intergroup Contact and Negative Attitudes Towards Immigrants Among Youth in Sweden : Individual and Contextual Factors
- 2022
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In: Journal of International Migration and Integration. - : Springer. - 1488-3473 .- 1874-6365. ; 23, s. 243-266
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Negative attitudes towards out-groups have been of academic interest for many years — and even more so with the increased levels of migration to European countries in recent years. Building on insights from intergroup contact theory, this paper seeks to extend our knowledge of the association between contact and negative attitudes toward immigrants among youth in Sweden. Multiple regression analysis and fixed effects models are used to analyze a large, high-quality dataset on Swedish adolescents based on representative survey information, complemented with extensive registry data and official statistics. Our objective is to measure contact on different levels in order to better understand the importance of these different contact variables’ associations with negative attitudes. The results of the analysis indicate that high-quality contact in the form of friendship is associated with a reduction in negative attitudes among Swedish adolescents, even after controlling for background variables. Superficial forms of contact — measured on the school level — are, on the other hand, associated with an increase in negative attitudes.
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| 2. |
- Abbondanza, Giuseppe, et al.
(author)
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Templated electrodeposition as a scalable and surfactant-free approach to the synthesis of Au nanoparticles with tunable aspect ratios
- 2022
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In: Nanoscale Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2516-0230. ; 4:11, s. 2452-2467
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A high-throughput method for the fabrication of ordered arrays of Au nanoparticles is presented. It is based on pulsed electrodeposition into porous anodic alumina templates. In contrast to many synthesis routes, it is cyanide-free, prior separation of the alumina template from the aluminium substrate is not required, and the use of contaminating surfactants/capping agents often found in colloidal synthesis is avoided. The aspect ratio of the nanoparticles can also be tuned by selecting an appropriate electrodeposition time. We show how to fabricate arrays of nanoparticles, both with branched bases and with hemispherical bases. Furthermore, we compare the different morphologies produced with electron microscopies and grazing-incidence synchrotron X-ray diffraction. We find the nanoparticles are polycrystalline in nature and are compressively strained perpendicular to the direction of growth, and expansively strained along the direction of growth. We discuss how this can produce dislocations and twinning defects that could be beneficial for catalysis.
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| 3. |
- Abdel-Fatah, Dana, et al.
(author)
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Qualitative Field Study of Host Community/Refugee from Syria Relations in Croatia, Germany, Jordan and Sweden : FOCUS Research Project Deliverable 4.2
- 2021
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The FOCUS project is undertaking a range of research and piloting tasks which aim to improve understanding of dynamic integration and to assist the implementation of effective practices. As part of this work a detailed programme of qualitative research has been undertaken in four countries. This report presents the country-specific findings of this research, which will be further consolidated in a cross-site analysis to be completed in the coming months. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with members of the receiving communities and with members of the arriving communities in a total of 10 site in four countries which have different experiences of migration from Syria in recent years (Sweden, Germany, Jordan, Croatia).
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| 4. |
- Abdel-Halim, Maha, et al.
(author)
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The Impact of Dental Implant Length on Failure Rates : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- 2021
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In: Materials. - : MDPI. - 1996-1944. ; 14:14
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present review aimed to evaluate the impact of implant length on failure rates between short (<10 mm) and long (>= 10 mm) dental implants. An electronic search was undertaken in three databases, as well as a manual search of journals. Implant failure was the outcome evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed in addition to a meta-regression in order to verify how the risk ratio (RR) was associated with the follow-up time. The review included 353 publications. Altogether, there were 25,490 short and 159,435 long implants. Pairwise meta-analysis showed that short implants had a higher failure risk than long implants (RR 2.437, p < 0.001). There was a decrease in the probability of implant failure with longer implants when implants of different length groups were compared. A sensitivity analysis, which plotted together only studies with follow-up times of 7 years or less, resulted in an estimated increase of 0.6 in RR for every additional month of follow-up. In conclusion, short implants showed a 2.5 times higher risk of failure than long implants. Implant failure is multifactorial, and the implant length is only one of the many factors contributing to the loss of an implant. A good treatment plan and the patient's general health should be taken into account when planning for an implant treatment.
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| 5. |
- Abdelhady, Dalia, et al.
(author)
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NJMR : Over 10 Years of Commitment to Publishing Excellent Research
- 2022
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In: Nordic Journal of Migration Research. - : Helsinki University Press. - 1799-649X. ; 12:4, s. 376-378
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- When Nordic Migration Research (NMR) was launched in 2008, there was total agreement among the founding members that one of the primary objectives of the organization was to establish a high-quality, interdisciplinary Nordic journal for research on international migration and migration-related issues in an international and transnational setting. Accordingly, the NMR statutes define the aim of the Nordic Journal for Migration Research (NJMR) as "devoted to publishing high-quality, peer -reviewed research in different aspects of international migration and ethnic relations, such as integration, ethnicity/race, culture, religion, marginalization, citizenship, nationalism, discrimination and racism". The statutes further specify that the NJMR aims to develop into "a forum for both applied and theoretical research, seeking to attract high-quality, original contributions from both Nordic and non-Nordic countries", and that an important part of its mission and raison d'etre would be to focus particularly, although not exclusively, on the areas mentioned above with respect to their relevance to and impact on "the Nordic countries in a global perspective" (Hedetoft & Sicakkan 2011: 1).
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| 6. |
- Abdulraheem, Salem, et al.
(author)
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Teeth movement 12 years after orthodontic treatment with and without retainer : relapse or usual changes?
- 2020
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In: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 42:1, s. 52-59
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: To identify if lower incisor movements after orthodontic treatment are due to the relapse of the orthodontic treatment or due to natural growth. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects consisted of 92 patients who have had orthodontic treatment, divided into three groups, group 1: 38 individuals had no retainer in the lower jaw. Group 2: 24 individuals had a retainer 0.028 inch, a spring hard wire bonded to the mandibular canines only. Group 3: 30 individuals had a 0.0195-inch Twist-Flex wire, bonded to all mandibular incisors and canines. Study models before orthodontic treatment (T0), immediately after orthodontic treatment (T1), 6 years after orthodontic treatment (T2), and 12 years after orthodontic treatment (T3) were used for the measurements. The wires in groups 2 and 3 were removed after mean 2.6 years (SD 1.49). Little Irregularity Index (LII), inter-canine distance, available mandibular anterior space, and number of crowded incisors were registered. A Tooth Displacement Index (TDI) was developed to measure the tooth displacement directions at T0 and T3. RESULTS: The LII showed equal values before treatment (T0) and at the follow-up registrations (T2 and T3). But about 25 per cent of the tooth displacements at T2 and T3 did not exist before treatment, at T0. This indicates usual growth changes and not relapse of the orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSION: As about 25 per cent of the displaced incisors can be considered as an effect of natural growth, not a relapse of the orthodontic treatment, it is valuable to use a displacement index in combination with other variables for investigations of stability after orthodontic treatment. Importance of the present study is that it is possible to differ between relapse and usual growth changes.
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| 7. |
- Abe, Minori, et al.
(author)
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Accurate determination of the enhancement factor X for the nuclear Schiff moment in (TlF)-Tl-205 molecule based on the four-component relativistic coupled-cluster theory
- 2020
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In: Molecular Physics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0026-8976 .- 1362-3028. ; 118:23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies of parity (P) and time-reversal (T) symmetry violations using molecules are important and attractive because they are complementary to the high-energy tests of physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. The focus of our present work is to surpass the current accuracies of the quantity X, an enhancement factor for the nuclear Schiff moment (Q), and the nucleon electric dipole moments for the (TlF)-Tl-205 molecule. We obtain X = 6856 a.u. using a relativistic coupled-cluster singles and doubles and perturbative triples (CCSD(T)) approach. This new value of X improves the upper limits for Q and the proton EDM by about ten percent over the previous ones. [GRAPHICS] .
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| 8. |
- Abildgaard, Anne, et al.
(author)
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Enacting the entrepreneurial self : Public-private innovation as an actualization of a neoliberal market dispositive
- 2021
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5221 .- 1873-3387. ; 37:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Drawing on Foucault’s writings on power, neoliberalism, and the dispositive, this article analyses the identity politics that is immanent in a new collaborative practice between the public and private sector called public-private innovation (PPI). We argue that PPI is an element in actualizing a neoliberal market dispositive through inclining subjects to work on themselves in order to actualize their entrepreneurial self, thereby disconnecting them from their public service identity. The construction of two narratives supports the constitution of the political space of PPI: the fiery soul narrative and the need narrative. An important part of this identity politics is the construction of the narrative of the individual entrepreneur. Rather than expressing new public governance in the public sector, PPI actualizes a dispositive that marketizes public services as part of a neoliberal agenda. The narrative of PPI distracts from the marketization of public sector and leaves no other space for public-sector employees than to constitute themselves within contradictory feelings of enthusiasm and anxiety, determination and self-blame, responsibility and inadequacy, and bustle and confusion.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Abrahamsson, Helene, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of temporomandibular joint luxation : a systematic literature review
- 2020
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In: Clinical Oral Investigations. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 24:1, s. 61-70
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical and nonsurgical treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) luxation.Materials and methods: This systematic literature review searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to identify randomized controlled trials on TMJ luxation treatment published between the inception of each database and 26 March 2018.Results: Two authors assessed 113 unique abstracts according to the inclusion criteria and read nine articles in full text. Eight articles comprising 338 patients met the inclusion criteria, but none of these evaluated surgical techniques. Three studies including 185 patients concerned acute treatment with manual reduction of luxation while five studies including 153 patients evaluated minimally invasive methods with injection of autologous blood or dextrose prolotherapy for recurrent TMJ luxation. These studies reported that mouth opening after treatment was reduced and that independent of type of injection, recurrences of TMJ luxation were rare in most patients.Conclusions: In the absence of randomized studies on surgical techniques, autologous blood injection in the superior joint space and pericapsular tissues with intermaxillary fixation seems to be the treatment for recurrent TMJ luxation that at present has the best scientific support. Well-designed studies on surgical techniques with sufficient numbers of patients, long-term follow-ups, and patient experience assessment are needed for selection of the optimal surgical treatment methods.Clinical relevance: Autologous blood injection combined with intermaxillary fixation can be recommended for patients with recurrence of TMJ luxation.
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