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- Jiang, X., et al.
(författare)
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Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate cancer, and between cancers and 38 other diseases. We observed statistically significant genetic correlations between lung and head/neck cancer (r(g) = 0.57, p = 4.6 x 10(-8)), breast and ovarian cancer (r(g) = 0.24, p = 7 x 10(-5)), breast and lung cancer (r(g) = 0.18, p = 1.5 x 10(-6)) and breast and colorectal cancer (r(g) = 0.15, p = 1.1 x 10(-4)). We also found that multiple cancers are genetically correlated with non-cancer traits including smoking, psychiatric diseases and metabolic characteristics. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant excess contribution of conserved and regulatory regions to cancer heritability. Our comprehensive analysis of cross-cancer heritability suggests that solid tumors arising across tissues share in part a common germline genetic basis.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Jiang, X., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study in 79,366 European-ancestry individuals informs the genetic architecture of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vitamin D is a steroid hormone precursor that is associated with a range of human traits and diseases. Previous GWAS of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations have identified four genome-wide significant loci (GC, NADSYN1/DHCR7, CYP2R1, CYP24A1). In this study, we expand the previous SUNLIGHT Consortium GWAS discovery sample size from 16,125 to 79,366 (all European descent). This larger GWAS yields two additional loci harboring genome-wide significant variants (P = 4.7x10(-9) at rs8018720 in SEC23A, and P = 1.9x10(-14) at rs10745742 in AMDHD1). The overall estimate of heritability of 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum concentrations attributable to GWAS common SNPs is 7.5%, with statistically significant loci explaining 38% of this total. Further investigation identifies signal enrichment in immune and hematopoietic tissues, and clustering with autoimmune diseases in cell-type-specific analysis. Larger studies are required to identify additional common SNPs, and to explore the role of rare or structural variants and gene-gene interactions in the heritability of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.
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| 4. |
- Mondul, A., et al.
(författare)
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PNPLA3 1148M Variant Influences Circulating Retinol in Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or Obesity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3166. ; 145:8, s. 1687-1691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Retinal is a lipid-soluble essential nutrient that is stored as retinyl esters in lipid droplets of hepatic stellate cells. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3), through its retinyl-palmitate lipase activity, releases retinol from lipid droplets in hepatic stellate cells in vitro and ex vivo. We have shown that the genetic variant 1148M (rs738409) reduces the PNPLA3 retinyl-palmitate lipase activity. Objective: The aim of the present genetic association study was to test whether overweight/obese carriers of the PNPLA3 148M mutant allele had lower circulating concentrations of retinal than individuals who are homozygous for the 1481 allele. Methods: PNPLA31148M (rs738409) was genotyped by Taqman assay in 76 overweight/obese individuals [BMI (kg/m(2))>= 25; mean +/- SD age: 59.7 +/- 11.4 y; male gender: 70%] with a histologic diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; namely the Milan NAFLD cohort) and in 413 obese men (BMI >= 30; mean SD age: 57.1 +/- 4.9 y) from the alpha-Tocopherol, (beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study. Serum concentrations of retinal and alpha-tocopherol were measured by HPLC in both cohorts. beta-Carotene concentrations in the ATBC study were measured by using HPLC. Results: The PNPLA3 148M mutant allele was associated with lower fasting circulating concentrations of retinal (beta = -0.289, P = 0.03) in adults with NAFLD (Milan NAFLD cohort). The PNPLA3148M mutant allele was also associated with lower fasting circulating concentrations of retinal in adults with a BMI >= 30 (ATBC study; [beta = -0.043, P = 0.041. Conclusion: We showed for the first time, to our knowledge, that carriers of the PNPLA3148M allele with either fatty liver plus obesity or obesity alone have lower fasting circulating retinol concentrations.
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