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  • Resultat 1-6 av 6
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1.
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2.
  • Bechta, Sevostian, et al. (författare)
  • Influence of corium oxidation on fission product release from molten pool
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Nuclear Engineering and Design. - : Elsevier BV. - 0029-5493 .- 1872-759X. ; 240:5, s. 1229-1241
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Qualitative and quantitative determination of the release of low-volatile fission products and core materialsfrom molten oxidic corium was investigated in the EVAN project under the auspices of ISTC. Theexperiments carried out in a cold crucible with induction heating and RASPLAV test facility are described.The results are discussed in terms of reactor application; in particular, pool configuration, melt oxidationkinetics, critical influence of melt surface temperature and oxidation index on the fission productrelease rate, aerosol particle composition and size distribution. The relevance of measured high releaseof Sr from the molten pool for the reactor application is highlighted. Comparisons of the experimentaldata with those from the COLIMA CA-U3 test and the VERCORS tests, as well as with predictions fromIVTANTHERMO and GEMINI/NUCLEA codes are made. Recommendations for further investigations areproposed following the major observations and discussions.
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3.
  • Klein-Hessling, W., et al. (författare)
  • Conclusions on severe accident research priorities
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 74, s. 4-11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The objectives of the SARNET network of excellence are to define and work on common research programs in the field of severe accidents in Gen. II-III nuclear power plants and to further develop common tools and methodologies for safety assessment in this area. In order to ensure that the research conducted on severe accidents is efficient and well-focused, it is necessary to periodically evaluate and rank the priorities of research. This was done at the end of 2008 by the Severe Accident Research Priority (SARP) group at the end of the SARNET project of the 6th Framework Programme of European Commission (FP6). This group has updated this work in the FP7 SARNET2 project by accounting for the recent experimental results, the remaining safety issues as e.g. highlighted by Level 2 PSA national studies and the results of the recent ASAMPSA2 FP7 project. These evaluation activities were conducted in close relation with the work performed under the auspices of international organizations like OECD or IAEA. The Fukushima-Daiichi severe accidents, which occurred while SARNET2 was running, had some effects on the prioritization and definition of new research topics. Although significant progress has been gained and simulation models (e.g. the ASTEC integral code, jointly developed by IRSN and GRS) were improved, leading to an increased confidence in the predictive capabilities for assessing the success potential of countermeasures and/or mitigation measures, most of the selected research topics in 2008 are still of high priority. But the Fukushima-Daiichi accidents underlined that research efforts had to focus still more to improve severe accident management efficiency.
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4.
  • Karkela, T., et al. (författare)
  • Ruthenium transport in an RCS with airborne CsI
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Progress in Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0149-1970. ; 99, s. 38-48
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Ruthenium is one of the most radiotoxic fission products which can be released from fuel as ruthenium oxides in an air ingress accident at a nuclear power plant. In this study it was found that the transport of the released ruthenium oxides through a reactor coolant system into the containment building is significantly affected by the atmospheric conditions. Airborne CsI increased the transport of gaseous ruthenium compared with that in a pure air atmosphere. The overall transport of ruthenium increased with temperature. In order to understand the behaviour of ruthenium in accident conditions, it is important to widen the experimental conditions from pure air/steam atmospheres to more realistic mixtures of prototypic gases and aerosols.
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5.
  • Kajan, Ivan, 1984, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of Ag and NOx compounds on the transport of ruthenium in the primary circuit of nuclear power plant in a severe accident
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 100, s. 9-19
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Ruthenium is a semi-volatile element originating as a fission product in nuclear reactors that can be released in case of a severe nuclear accident. In this work, the impact of atmosphere composition on the transport of ruthenium through the primary circuit was examined. The effects of silver nanoparticles representing aerosols and NO2 gas as a product of air radiolysis were studied. Quantification of ruthenium transported both as gas and aerosol was performed. Chemical composition of ruthenium species was evaluated. The transport of gaseous ruthenium through the facility increased significantly when NO2 gas was fed into the atmosphere. When both silver aerosols and NO2 were fed into the atmosphere, the transport of ruthenium in gaseous and aerosol forms was promoted. It was concluded that the composition of atmosphere in the primary circuit will have a notable effect on the speciation of ruthenium transported into the containment building during a severe accident and thus on the potential radioactive release to the environment.
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6.
  • Kärkelä, T, et al. (författare)
  • Nordic Collaboration: Impact of Ag and NOx Compounds on the Transport of Ruthenium in the Primary Circuit of NPP in a Severe Accident
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: 25th International Conference Nuclear Energy for New Europe, (Nene 2016); proccedings eds. Snoj, L; Lengar, I.. - 9789616207409 ; , s. no. 802-
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • When ruthenium is released from the fuel as ruthenium oxides to the environment in a severe NPP accident, ruthenium isotopes Ru-103 and Ru-106 cause a radiotoxic risk to the population both in a short and long term. As the previous international studies on the transport of ruthenium in the reactor coolant system (RCS) have mainly been conducted in pure air-steam atmospheres, the current study was dedicated to air ingress conditions with representative airborne air radiolysis (NOx) and control rod (Ag) species which were mixed with vaporized Ru oxides. The aim was to study the impact of these additives on the transport of ruthenium as gas and particles through the primary circuit of nuclear power plant in a severe accident. As a main outcome, the transport of gaseous ruthenium through the facility increased significantly when the oxidizing NO2 gas was fed into the atmosphere.
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  • Resultat 1-6 av 6

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