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Sökning: WFRF:(Azmi MAN)

  • Resultat 1-7 av 7
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  • Idris, Alamin, et al. (författare)
  • Grindability and abrasive behavior of coal blends : analysis and prediction
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1939-2699 .- 1939-2702. ; , s. 1-27
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Low-grade coals are blended with high-quality coals to meet economic, environmental, and quality specifications. Hence, the grindability and abrasiveness of coal blends are crucial economic and operational parameters. This work evaluates, analyzes, and predicts the grindability and abrasive behavior of coal blends. Three binary coal blends with common low-grade coal were first prepared at various ratios. Blends 1 and 2 were composed of identical and similar ranks, whereas Blend 3 was composed of different ranks. The blends were analyzed using proximate, ultimate analyzers, and a Bomb calorimeter. The grindability and abrasive behavior of the blends were measured using Hardgrove grindability index (HGI) and Yancey, Geer, and Price methods, respectively. Further, the coarser (+75 mu m) and finer (-75 mu m) fractions of HGI experiment were characterized using proximate, ultimate and heating value analyses. The additivity of HGI values was observed for Blend 1 and Blend 2, whereas, the non-additive behavior was observed in Blend 3. Further, the blends' mineral matter contents and abrasiveness index were found to be additive. Several existing models were found to be inaccurate for HGI predictions. Therefore, a new cross-validated model using multi-linear regression was proposed. The model exhibited better HGI predictions of coal blends with a coefficient of determination R-2 = 0.9416.
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3.
  • Idris, Alamin, et al. (författare)
  • Investigation on particle properties and extent of functionalization of silica nanoparticles
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 506
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Quantification of the extent of functionalization on silica nanoparticle surface is crucial in a variety of applications. This work aims to evaluate particle properties and extent of functionalization on silica nanoparticles synthesized under acidic and basic conditions via co-condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane in the sol-gel process. The silica nanoparticles properties were analyzed via field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller methods; whereas, the extent of functionalization was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, and thermogravimetric analyzer. Results showed that the functionalized silica nanoparticles have a lower tendency to agglomerate and highly monodispersed as compared to unfunctionalized. The surface areas of acid and base-catalyzed nanoparticles were obtained as 618.8 and 514.7 m2/g, respectively. FTIR spectra, XPS scans, and TGA curves confirmed the presence of alkyl and amine functional groups on the functionalized surfaces. The extent of functionalization (N/Si) was obtained as 0.296 and 0.196, and the percentages of functional groups attached on the surface were found to be 6.80 and 5.92% for acid and base-catalyzed nanoparticles, respectively. The overall results suggest that acidic catalysis is a better approach for the synthesis of surface-modified or organofunctionalized silica nanoparticles.
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4.
  • Khan, Amir Sada, et al. (författare)
  • Chapter 1 - Conversion of biomass to chemicals using ionic liquids
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 1-30
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • From the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to platform chemicals using ionic liquids (ILs), it was concluded that ILs have dual functions and can be used as catalyst and solvent for the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and levulinic acid (LA) from lignocellulosic biomass. The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to chemicals depends upon the nature of feedstocks and structure of ILs. The yield of 5-HMF and LA from fructose and glucose is higher than cellulose and lignocellulose. Among the various available ILs, the acidic ionic liquids (AILs) such as [C3SO3Hmim][HSO4], [C4SO3Hmim][HSO4], [C3SO3Hmim][CH3SO3], [C3SO3Hmim][Cl], [C3SO3Hmim][CF3SO3], and [C3SO3HPy][HSO4] showed better yield of 5-HMF and LA. The imidazolium-based ILs that contain acidic functional group such HSO4 and Cl anion resulted in higher yield of LA and 5-5-HMF, respectively. Therefore it is essential to synthesize such ILs that have acidic functional group in their structure for the direct conversion of cellulose and lignocellulosic biomass to 5-HMF and LA.
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5.
  • Khan, Amir Sada, et al. (författare)
  • Efficient Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Levulinic Acid Using Acidic Ionic Liquids
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 181, s. 208-214
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-Bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions [(2HSO4)(H2SO4)0], [(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] and [(2HSO4)(H2SO4)4] were synthesised. ILs structures were confirmed using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability, Hammett acidity, density and viscosity of ILs were determined. Various types of lignocellulosic biomass such as rubber wood, palm oil frond, bamboo and rice husk were converted into LA. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)4] showed higher % yield of LA up to 47.52 from bamboo biomass at 100 °C for 60 min, which is the better yield at low temperature and short time compared to previous reports. Surface morphology, surface functional groups and thermal stability of bamboo before and after conversion into LA were studied using SEM, FTIR and TGA analysis, respectively. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from agro-waste will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals.
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  • Resultat 1-7 av 7

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