| 1. |
- Vallerossa, Francesco, 1992-
(författare)
-
Learning aspect in Italian as a third language : Transfer patterns among multilingual learners in the Swedish context
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores the impact of previously acquired or learned background languages (BL) on the learning of Italian as a third language (L3) among undergraduate students in the Swedish context. Focusing on the learning of past tense-aspect (TA) inflectional categories in Italian, the thesis investigates the influence of Swedish, English and Romance languages, French or Spanish, in light of four factors. The typology factor entails the linguistic similarity between the L3 and the BLs. The language status factor examines the different roles played by first (L1) and second (L2) languages. The proficiency factor refers to proficiency in both the L2s and the L3. The prototype factor deals with different combinations of grammatical and lexical aspect, defined as prototypical and non-prototypical. Eight Italian native speakers and 36 undergraduate students learning Italian in Sweden were included in the studies making up the thesis. The learner group had knowledge of Swedish and English. A majority had additional knowledge of a Romance language, which allowed for a distinction to be made between a non-Romance and a Romance group. The participants completed a background questionnaire and a test battery of seven tests consisting of three C-tests (French, Spanish, and Italian), three interpretation tests of aspectual contrasts (English, French, and Italian), and an oral retelling story test in Italian. The data were analyzed quantitatively, by means of descriptive and inferential statistics, and qualitatively, through content analysis. Study I probed the impact of typology, L3 proficiency and prototypes on oral production data. At low-proficiency levels, prior L2 knowledge of a Romance language favored the emergence of imperfective morphology in L3 Italian while learners at high-proficiency levels were sensitive to prototypes. Based on interpretation data, Study II went further into the role of typology, L2 proficiency and prototypes, revealing a beneficial effect of English and Romance languages, except with non-prototypical associations. Study III looked into typology and L2/L3 proficiency. Four categories, differently distributed depending on L2/L3 proficiency, unfolded from written introspection data submitted to qualitative content analysis: explicit rules, intuition, other languages and uncertainty/unknown. Study IV, closely examining three participants with different acquisition orders of Swedish, English and French, showed an interaction of the language status with L3 proficiency, typology and prototypes. Overall, the results indicate that all BLs impact the learning of prototypical associations, while the L1 alone influences learning of non-prototypical associations. Further, the typology factor and the L2 proficiency factor are crucial for transfer of forms and transfer of meanings, respectively. The influence of the BLs is prevalent at early acquisition stages while advanced stages are uniformly shaped by prototypes. Also, learners gradually add different layers of information to their explicit knowledge of tenses. The results align with L3 accounts arguing for property-by-property hybrid transfer. The thesis further connects L3 transfer research focusing on linguistic and conceptual transfer to research on learning TA morphology. In light of the above contributions, the thesis recommends explicit crosslinguistic instruction aiming to foster positive transfer through tailor-made use of the learners’ BLs.
|
|
| 2. |
- Carlbring, Per, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Applied relaxation : an experimental analogue study of therapist vs. computer administration
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Computers in human behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 0747-5632 .- 1873-7692. ; 23:1, s. 2-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This experimental analog component study compared two ways of administrating relaxation, either via a computer or by a therapist. The second phase of applied relaxation was used, which is called "release-only relaxation". Sixty participants from a student population were randomized to one of three groups: computer-administered relaxation, therapist-administered relaxation, or a control group in which participants surfed on the Internet. Outcome was measures using psycho-physiological responses and self-report. Objective psychophysiological data and results on the subjective visual analogue scale suggest that there was no difference between the two forms of administration. Both experimental groups became significantly more relaxed than the control group that surfed on the Internet. Practical applications and future directions are discussed.
|
|
| 3. |
- van der Valk, Ralf J P, et al.
(författare)
-
A novel common variant in DCST2 is associated with length in early life and height in adulthood.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Human molecular genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2083 .- 0964-6906. ; 24:4, s. 1155-68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Common genetic variants have been identified for adult height, but not much is known about the genetics of skeletal growth in early life. To identify common genetic variants that influence fetal skeletal growth, we meta-analyzed 22 genome-wide association studies (Stage 1; N = 28 459). We identified seven independent top single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (P < 1 × 10(-6)) for birth length, of which three were novel and four were in or near loci known to be associated with adult height (LCORL, PTCH1, GPR126 and HMGA2). The three novel SNPs were followed-up in nine replication studies (Stage 2; N = 11 995), with rs905938 in DC-STAMP domain containing 2 (DCST2) genome-wide significantly associated with birth length in a joint analysis (Stages 1 + 2; β = 0.046, SE = 0.008, P = 2.46 × 10(-8), explained variance = 0.05%). Rs905938 was also associated with infant length (N = 28 228; P = 5.54 × 10(-4)) and adult height (N = 127 513; P = 1.45 × 10(-5)). DCST2 is a DC-STAMP-like protein family member and DC-STAMP is an osteoclast cell-fusion regulator. Polygenic scores based on 180 SNPs previously associated with human adult stature explained 0.13% of variance in birth length. The same SNPs explained 2.95% of the variance of infant length. Of the 180 known adult height loci, 11 were genome-wide significantly associated with infant length (SF3B4, LCORL, SPAG17, C6orf173, PTCH1, GDF5, ZNFX1, HHIP, ACAN, HLA locus and HMGA2). This study highlights that common variation in DCST2 influences variation in early growth and adult height.
|
|
| 4. |
- Nyström Sandman, Antonia, et al.
(författare)
-
Grön infrastruktur i havet : landskapsperspektiv i förvaltningen av Sveriges marina områden
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En kartläggning av havets naturkvaliteter har påbörjats genom arbetet med grön infrastruktur. Rapporten undersöker olika scenarier för hur den marina gröna infrastrukturen påverkas av mänskliga aktiviteter i förhållande till olika strategier för förvaltning. Projektet har genomfört tre fallstudier med olika fokus: strandexploatering, trålfiske och klimatförändring. Genom scenariobaserade analyser visar forskarna vilken effekt olika beslut och åtgärder kan få på naturskydds- och miljömål.Det tvärvetenskapliga projektet är ett samarbete mellan experter inom ekologi och juridik. Forskarna beskriver hur lagstiftning, planering och förvaltningsstrategier bör utformas och fungera ihop, och presenterar förslag för att stärka skyddet av den gröna infrastrukturen i Sveriges havsområden.Forskningen har finansierats av Naturvårdsverkets miljöforskningsanslag till stöd för Naturvårdsverket och Havs- och vattenmyndighetens verksamhet.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bergström, Ola, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
Långsiktiga trender: klimatet, teknologin, demografin och produktiviteten
- 2019
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industrins Ekonomiska Råd (IER) utses av Industriavtalets parter och består av fristående ekonomer. Varje år tar IER fram en rapport på uppdrag av parterna. I år fick man i uppdrag att inför kommande avtalsrörelse beskriva och analysera ett antal faktorer som har betydelse för industrin och för den svenska ekonomin på lång sikt. Av stor betydelse är vad man kan vänta sig för utveckling för den globala ekonomin under det kommande decenniet och hur relevanta erfarenheterna från det decennium som nu går mot sitt slut är. De två första kapitlen i den här rapporten handlar om detta. I kapitel 2 analyserar vi den vikande produktivitetstillväxten och försöker besvara frågan om det är en bestående trend. I kapitel 3 tar vi upp åldrandet och de medföljande demografiska förändringarna samt migrationens effekter. Den snabba teknikutvecklingen skapar både möjligheter och utmaningar. IER har tagit upp flera olika ämnen på det temat i sina senaste rapporter. I kapitel 4 tar vi upp artificiell intelligens och ställer frågan om det blir en teknologi som kan ändra på spelplanen. Redan i förra årets rapport tog vi upp riskbilderna kring protektionism och klimatförändringarna. Vi fortsätter den analysen i i kapitel 5 och ställer frågan om handelskrig eller klimatförändringarna till och med kan utlösa en ekonomisk kris.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bergström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
"We also communicate through a book in the diaper bag" - Separated parents' ways to coparent and promote adaptation of their 1-4 year olds in equal joint physical custody
- 2019
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 14:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Joint physical custody (JPC) refers to a practice where children with separated parents share their time between the parents' respective homes. Studies on parents' views of JPC for young children are scarce. The aim of this interview study was to explore parents' perceptions on how they experience and practice equally shared JPC for their 1-4 year-olds in Sweden. Forty-six parents (18 fathers and 28 mothers) of 50 children (31 boys and 19 girls) under 5 years of age were interviewed. Parents were recruited through information in the media and represented a broad range of socioeconomic backgrounds, as well as both voluntary and court-ordered custody arrangements. The interviews were semi-structured and analyzed using systematic text condensation. Two themes emerged regarding the research question. In the first theme, Always free, never free, parents described their striving to coparent without a love relationship. While they appreciated the freedom of being a half-time parent, doing things one's own way, they felt constrained by the long-term commitment to live close to and keep discussing child rearing issues with the ex-partner. Good communication was key and lessened parent's feelings of being cut-off from half of the child's life. When JPC was ordered by court or conflicts were intense, parents tried to have less contact and worried when the children were in the other home. The second theme, Is it right, is it good?, included descriptions of how the parents monitored the child's responses to the living arrangement and made changes to optimize their adjustment. Adaptations included visits for the child with the other parent mid-week, shared meals or adapting schedules. In conclusion, these parents worked hard to make JPC work and cause minimal damage to their children. Most parents were pleased with the arrangements with the notable exception of couples experiencing ongoing conflict.
|
|
| 7. |
- Bergström, Ola, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
Industriunder omvandlingstryck: Regional närvaro, klimatutmaningar och globaliseringskritik
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industrins Ekonomiska Råd (IER) har fått i uppdrag att beskriva och analysera ett antal faktorer som har betydelse för industrin och för den svenska ekonomin. Flera av de senaste årens rapporter från IER har beskrivit industrins betydelse för Sverige. I den här rapporten tar vi upp vad industrin betyder regionalt och visar hur betydelsefull industrin är för landets mindre regioner. Det finns en relativt stor samstämmighet i Sverige om att landet gynnats av globaliseringen. På senare år har globaliseringen dock ifrågasatts från flera håll. Vi tar upp riskbilderna kring protektionism samt Kina och andra tillväxtländers användande av statsapparaten för att gynna det egna näringslivet. En annan riskbild utgör klimatförändringarna. Vi beskriver hur initiativ växer fram för att göra industrin till en del av lösningarna i stället för en del av problemet. I storstäderna har vi fått en sättning på bostadsmarknaden. Utgör det ett hot även mot industrin och den svenska ekonomin? Rapporten avslutas med ett kapitel om den omställningsförmåga som krävs för att hantera en föränderlig omvärld. Kan ökad omställningsförmåga förvandlas till stärkt konkurrenskraft?
|
|
| 8. |
- Bergström, Annika, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Publikens deltagande i nyhetsmedierna
- 2013
-
Ingår i: På väg mot medievärlden 2020. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144082554 ; , s. 295-312
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 9. |
- Bergström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Preschool children living in joint physical custody arrangements show less psychological symptoms than those living mostly or only with one parent
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 107:2, s. 294-300
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Joint physical custody (JPC), where children spend about equal time in both parent's homes after parental separation, is increasing. The suitability of this practice for preschool children, with a need for predictability and continuity, has been questioned.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we used data on 3656 Swedish children aged three to five years living in intact families, JPC, mostly with one parent or single care. Linear regression analyses were conducted with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, completed by parents and preschool teachers, as the outcome measure.RESULTS: Children in JPC showed less psychological problems than those living mostly (adjusted B 1.81; 95% CI [0.66 to 2.95]) or only with one parent (adjusted B 1.94; 95% CI [0.75 to 3.13]), in parental reports. In preschool teacher reports, the adjusted Betas were 1.27, 95% CI [0.14 to 2.40] and 1.41, 95% CI [0.24 to 2.58], respectively. In parental reports, children in JPC and those in intact families had similar outcomes, while teachers reported lower unadjusted symptom scores for children in intact families.CONCLUSION: Joint physical custody arrangements were not associated with more psychological symptoms in children aged 3-5, but longitudinal studies are needed to account for potential preseparation differences.
|
|
| 10. |
- Bergström, Helena, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Child sexual abuse at preschools - a research review of a complex issue for preschool professionals
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 186:9, s. 1520-1528
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this research review is to synthesize research published between 2000 and 2015 regarding child sexual abuse, preschool and preschool teachers. The review identifies themes relevant for the preschool teacher profession: child sexual abuse at preschools, suspicions and consequences for the preschool sector, preventing techniques and the preschool teacher as a safeguarder. Furthermore, important types of tensions in efforts to safeguard against child sexual abuse are identified: the importance of listening to children and avoiding false allegations, the preschool teacher as a safeguarder and a potential abuser, and the importance of preventing child sexual abuse and providing qualitative care of children. Implications for the profession, the education of preschool teachers and the need for more research are addressed.
|
|
