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- Karlsson, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Is a Problem-Solving Intervention with Workplace Involvement for Employees on Sickness Absence Due to Common Mental Disorders More Effective, than Care as Usual, in Reducing Sickness Absence Days? Results of a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial in Primary Health Care
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION. - : Springer. - 1053-0487 .- 1573-3688.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement (PSI-WPI) added to care as usual (CAU) in reducing sickness absence days among employees with common mental disorders compared to CAU alone in Swedish primary health care on a monthly basis over 18-months follow-up.MethodsWe conducted a cluster-randomised controlled trial including 197 employees blinded to allocation (85 PSI-WPI and 112 CAU). As sickness absence data was skewed and over-dispersed, generalised estimating equations was used to enable a comparison between the intervention and control group for each month of the follow-up period.ResultsThe median number of sickness absence days over the 18-month follow-up was 78 days, inter-quartile range (IQR) 18-196 for employees receiving PSI-WPI and 64 days, IQR 18-161 for employees receiving CAU. The time x group generalised estimating equations analysis showed no statistically significant difference in sickness absence days per month.ConclusionThe addition of a PSI-WPI to CAU was not more effective in reducing sickness absence days. This may be explained by the primary health care context, lack of specialisation in occupational health and the Swedish social insurance system with specific time limits.Trial registration.The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03346395 on January 12th, 2018.ConclusionThe addition of a PSI-WPI to CAU was not more effective in reducing sickness absence days. This may be explained by the primary health care context, lack of specialisation in occupational health and the Swedish social insurance system with specific time limits.Trial registration.The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03346395 on January 12th, 2018.ConclusionThe addition of a PSI-WPI to CAU was not more effective in reducing sickness absence days. This may be explained by the primary health care context, lack of specialisation in occupational health and the Swedish social insurance system with specific time limits.Trial registration.The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03346395 on January 12th, 2018.
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| 4. |
- Holmlund, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Are psychosocial work factors and work-home interference associated with time to first full return-to-work after sick leave due to common mental disorders?
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 96, s. 747-755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo (1) examine the time to first full return-to-work (RTW), and (2) investigate whether psychosocial work factors and work-home interference are associated with time to first full RTW after sick leave due to common mental disorders (CMDs).MethodsThe cohort study comprised 162 employees on sick leave due to CMDs participating in a two-armed cluster-randomised controlled trial in Sweden. Baseline data consisted of a web-based questionnaire and follow-up data of repeated text messages every fourth week for 12 months. The time to first full RTW was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier Estimator. Parametric Weibull survival models with interval-censored outcomes were used to determine associations between psychosocial work factors and work-home interference with time to first full RTW. In a post hoc analysis, time-interval differences in associations for 0– ≤ 6- versus > 6–12 months were tested.ResultsDuring the 12-month follow-up, n = 131 (80.9%) reported a first full RTW. The median time to this RTW was 16 weeks (95% CI 12; 20). High psychological job demands, high emotional job demands, high work-to-home interference (WHI), and low social job support were independently associated with a longer time to first full RTW. Time-interval differences were found for job control and emotional job demands.ConclusionsPsychosocial work demands and WHI are associated with a longer time to RTW after sick leave due to CMDs. Work organisations and rehabilitation practices should include accommodations for high psychological and emotional job demands during RTW, as well as pay attention to the risk of spill-over of high job demands into employees’ private lives.
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| 5. |
- Kjörling, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Excluded or included–structural preconditions for occupational well-being among blue-collar temporary agency workers within the Swedish manufacturing industry
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Critical Realism. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1476-7430 .- 1572-5138.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.The purpose of this article is to explore structural preconditions for occupational well-being among blue-collar temporary agency workers within the Swedish manufacturing industry based on managers’ views and expectations of the worker. Through 25 interviews, we investigate how blue-collar temporary agency workers are seen by management using critical realism and the concept of ‘norm circles’ to analyse spatial, relational, sociotechnical and normative structures. We show how structures and norm circles possess alienating or dealienating mechanisms that precondition blue-collar temporary agency workers’ occupational well-being. The findings indicate management’s role as an important gatekeeper in determining structural preconditions for blue-collar temporary agency workers’ occupational well-being. By introducing aspects of skill and acquired skill, along with social aspects changing over time, this article contributes to the existing literature on blue-collar temporary agency workers’ occupational well-being.
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| 6. |
- Kwak, Lydia, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized controlled trial in schools aimed at exploring mechanisms of change of a multifaceted implementation strategy for promoting mental health at the workplace
- 2022
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Ingår i: Implementation Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-5908. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study will explore implementation mechanisms through which a single implementation strategy and a multifaceted implementation strategy operate to affect the implementation outcome, which is fidelity to the Guideline For The Prevention of Mental Ill Health within schools. The guideline gives recommendations on how workplaces can prevent mental ill health among their personnel by managing social and organizational risks factors in the work environment. Schools are chosen as the setting for the study due to the high prevalence of mental ill health among teachers and other personnel working in schools. The study builds on our previous research, in which we compared the effectiveness of the two strategies on fidelity to the guideline. Small improvements in guideline adherence were observed for the majority of the indicators in the multifaceted strategy group. This study will focus on exploring the underlying mechanisms of change through which the implementation strategies may operate to affect the implementation outcome. Methods: We will conduct a cluster-randomized-controlled trial among public schools (n=55 schools) in Sweden. Schools are randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive a multifaceted strategy (implementation teams, educational meeting, ongoing training, Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles) or a single strategy (implementation teams, educational meeting). The implementation outcome is fidelity to the guideline. Hypothesized mediators originate from the COM-B model. A mixed-method design will be employed, entailing a qualitative study of implementation process embedded within the cluster-randomized controlled trail examining implementation mechanisms. The methods will be used in a complementary manner to get a full understanding of the implementation mechanisms. Discussion: This implementation study will provide valuable knowledge on how implementation strategies work (or fail) to affect implementation outcomes. The knowledge gained will aid the selection of effective implementation strategies that fit specific determinants, which is a priority for the field. Despite recent initiatives to advance the understanding of implementation mechanisms, studies testing these mechanisms are still uncommon. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.org dr.nr 2020-01214.
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- Linton, Steven J, et al.
(författare)
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Exercise for workers with musculoskeletal pain: Does enhancing compliance decrease pain?
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational rehabilitation. - : Springer. - 1053-0487 .- 1573-3688. ; 6, s. 177-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low rate of compliance for exercise regimens is a difficult problem for programs aimed at treating or preventing musculoskeletal pain. In fact, the utility of exercise for common pain problems has been debated since poor compliance confounds proper program evaluation. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a compliance enhancement measure and subsequently to assess the effects of physical activity on pain perception. Forty-eight employees (mean age=42, 20 females) currently working at two companies and who reported musculoskeletal pain, but noexercise habit voluntarily served as subjects. The Comparison Group was provided with information and free membership at a health center. The Exercise Compliance Enhancement Group met individually with a behavioral psychologist, who employed cognitive-behavioral techniques, to plan their activity program. Results showed that the Compliance Enhancement Group had a higher rate of adherence and participated in significantly more exercises over the course of 6 months than did the Comparison Group. However, analyses based on pre- and posttest gain scores showed that the differences between the groups for aerobic capacity and pain intensity were not significant. However, when compilers were compared with noncompliers, those complying with the activity program were found to have improved their aerobic capacity more than noncompliers. Yet for overall pain intensity ratings, the difference between compilers and noncompliers was still not significant. Intensity ratings made immediately before and after exercising indicated that exercise activities were related to a significant increase in pain intensity. These results indicate that compliance for exercise may be significantly improved, but the effect of exercise activities on overall pain intensity was not significant relative to the comparison group.
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| 8. |
- Toropova, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of a multifaceted implementation strategy for improving adherence to the guideline for prevention of mental ill-health among school personnel in Sweden : a cluster randomized trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Implementation Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-5908. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is limited research on prevention of mental ill-health of school personnel and the systematic management of school work environments. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of implementing the guideline recommendations for the prevention of mental ill-health in schools, in particular, whether there was a difference in adherence to guideline recommendations between a multifaceted (group 1) and single implementation strategy (group 2) from baseline to 6 and to 12 months. Method: We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial with a 6- and 12-month follow-up. Data was collected from nearly 700 participants in 19 Swedish schools. Participants were school personnel working under the management of a school principal. The single implementation strategy consisted of one educational meeting, while the multifaceted implementation strategy comprised an educational meeting, an ongoing training in the form of workshops, implementation teams and Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles. Adherence was measured with a self-reported questionnaire. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used to assess the difference between groups in adherence to the guideline between baseline, 6-, and 12-months follow-up. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in improvements in adherence to the guideline between baseline, 6-, and 12-months follow-up. However, among those schools that did not undergo any organizational changes during the 12 months of the study significant differences between groups were observed at 12 months for one of the indicators. Conclusions: The multifaceted strategy was no more effective than the single strategy in improving guideline adherence. There are some limitations to the study, such as the measurement of the implementation outcome measure of adherence. The outcome measure was developed in a systematic manner by the research team, assessing specific target behaviors relevant to the guideline recommendations, however not psychometrically tested, which warrants a careful interpretation of the results. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, 150571. Registered 12 September 2017.
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| 9. |
- Toropova, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Return to Work Trajectories of Swedish Employees on Sick-Leave Due to Common Mental Disorders
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION. - : Springer. - 1053-0487 .- 1573-3688.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Recent research has emphasized that return to work (RTW) is a dynamic, gradual and often uneven process with a great degree of individual variation. This study aimed to identify RTW trajectories of Swedish employees on sick-leave due to common mental disorders (CMDs). The second aim was to explore which demographic, employment, health-related and work environment characteristics predicted RTW trajectory membership.Methods Data comes from two 2-armed cluster-randomized controlled trials (RCT) with a 12-month follow-up. A participative problem-solving intervention aimed to reduce sick-leave was compared to care as usual (CAU) involving any kind of work-directed interventions. Participants on sick-leave due to CMDs at baseline (N = 197) formed the study sample. Latent growth mixture modeling and logistic regression were the main analytical approaches.Results Five distinct RTW trajectories of Swedish employees were identified: Early RTW (N = 65), Delayed RTW (N = 50), Late RTW (N = 39), Struggling RTW (N = 21) and No RTW (N = 22). RTW trajectories differed consistently with regard to previous sick-leave duration and social support at work. More unique predictors of RTW trajectories included gender, rewards at work, work performance impairment due to health problems, home-to-work interference and stress-related exhaustion disorder.Conclusion The study may have important clinical implications for identifying patients belonging to a particular RTW trajectory. Knowledge on the modifiable work environment factors that differentiated between the RTW trajectories could be useful for designing effective workplace interventions, tailored to particular needs of employees with CMDs. However, in a first step, the results need to be replicated.
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