| 1. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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The Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort study 2014-16: design, methods and study population.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 34:2, s. 191-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve health care for older persons, we need to learn more about ageing, e.g. identify protective factors and early markers for diseases. The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H70 studies) are multidisciplinary epidemiological studies examining representative birth cohorts of older populations in Gothenburg, Sweden. So far, six birth cohorts of 70-year-olds have been examined over time, and examinations have been virtually identical between studies. This paper describes the study procedures for the baseline examination of the Birth cohort 1944, conducted in 2014-16. In this study, all men and women born 1944 on specific dates, and registered as residents in Gothenburg, were eligible for participation (n = 1839). A total of 1203 (response rate 72.2%; 559 men and 644 women; mean age 70.5 years) agreed to participate in the study. The study comprised sampling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, psychiatric, cognitive, and physical health examinations, examinations of genetics and family history, use of medications, social factors, functional ability and disability, physical fitness and activity, body composition, lung function, audiological and ophthalmological examinations, diet, brain imaging, as well as a close informant interview, and qualitative studies. As in previous examinations, data collection serves as a basis for future longitudinal follow-up examinations. The research gained from the H70 studies has clinical relevance in relation to prevention, early diagnosis, clinical course, experience of illness, understanding pathogenesis and prognosis. Results will increase our understanding of ageing and inform service development, which may lead to enhanced quality of care for older persons.
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| 2. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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A Western-style dietary pattern is associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarker levels for preclinical Alzheimer's disease -A population-based cross-sectional study among 70-year-olds
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.). - 2352-8737. ; 7:1, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diet may be a modifiable factor for reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Western-style dietary patterns are considered to increase the risk, whereas Mediterranean-style dietary patterns are considered to reduce the risk. An association between diet and AD-related biomarkers have been suggested, but studies are limited.Aim: To investigate potential relations between dietary patterns and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD among dementia-free older adults.Methods: Data were derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, Sweden. A total of 269 dementia-free 70-year-olds with dietary and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ42 and Aβ40), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) data were investigated. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method, and four dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. A Western dietary pattern, a Mediterranean/prudent dietary pattern, a high-protein and alcohol pattern, and a high-total and saturated fat pattern. Logistic regression models, with CSF biomarker pathology (yes/no) as dependent variables, and linear regression models with continuous CSF biomarker levels as dependent variables were performed. The analyses were adjusted for sex, energy intake, body mass index (BMI), educational level, and physical activity level.Results: The odds ratio for having total tau pathology (odds ratio [OR] 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 2.01) and preclinical AD (Aβ42 and tau pathology; OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.03 to 3.10) was higher among those with a higher adherence to a Western dietary pattern. There were no other associations between the dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers that remained significant in both unadjusted and adjusted models.Discussion: Our findings suggest that higher adherence to a Western dietary pattern may be associated with pathological levels of AD biomarkers in the preclinical phase of AD. These findings can be added to the increasing amount of evidence linking diet with AD and may be useful for future intervention studies investigating dietary intake in relation to AD.
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| 3. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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A Western-style dietary pattern is associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarker levels for preclinical Alzheimer's disease -A population-based cross-sectional study among 70-year-olds
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.). - : Wiley. - 2352-8737. ; 7:1, s. 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diet may be a modifiable factor for reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Western-style dietary patterns are considered to increase the risk, whereas Mediterranean-style dietary patterns are considered to reduce the risk. An association between diet and AD-related biomarkers have been suggested, but studies are limited. Aim: To investigate potential relations between dietary patterns and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD among dementia-free older adults. Methods: Data were derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, Sweden. A total of 269 dementia-free 70-year-olds with dietary and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ42 and Aβ40), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) data were investigated. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method, and four dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. A Western dietary pattern, a Mediterranean/prudent dietary pattern, a high-protein and alcohol pattern, and a high-total and saturated fat pattern. Logistic regression models, with CSF biomarker pathology (yes/no) as dependent variables, and linear regression models with continuous CSF biomarker levels as dependent variables were performed. The analyses were adjusted for sex, energy intake, body mass index (BMI), educational level, and physical activity level. Results: The odds ratio for having total tau pathology (odds ratio [OR] 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 2.01) and preclinical AD (Aβ42 and tau pathology; OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.03 to 3.10) was higher among those with a higher adherence to a Western dietary pattern. There were no other associations between the dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers that remained significant in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Discussion: Our findings suggest that higher adherence to a Western dietary pattern may be associated with pathological levels of AD biomarkers in the preclinical phase of AD. These findings can be added to the increasing amount of evidence linking dietwith AD and may be useful for future intervention studies investigating dietary intake in relation to AD.
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| 4. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds
- 2020
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diet could be a modifiable factor in the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Western-style dietary patterns are considered to increase the risk, while Mediterranean-style dietary patterns are considered protective. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers of relevance for AD. Method: Data was derived from the population based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden (n=1203). CSF levels of β-amyloid (Aβ)42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau were measured with ELISA. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method (n=861). Principal component analysis were performed to reduce 21 food groups into factors representing dietary patterns. Logistic regression analyses, with CSF biomarkers as dependent variables (pathological/not pathological), and linear regression analyses with CSF biomarkers as continuous variables, were performed on the dementia-free participants with both CSF and dietary data (n=269, 49% women). Analyses were adjusted for APOE ε4 status, energy intake, education, BMI, physical activity and sex. Analyses were also performed stratified by sex. Result: Four factors representing dietary patterns were derived from the principal component analysis. A western-style dietary pattern, a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, a mixed dietary pattern with alcoholic beverages and a dietary pattern of high fat dairy products, eggs and refined cereal products. The odds ratio of having pathological values of total tau was higher among those with a higher compliance to a western-style dietary pattern (OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.02-1.80). The linear regression model indicate the same trend (r2=0.06, B=0.04, p=0.08). When stratified by sex, the odds ratio of having pathological values of phosphorylated tau was higher for those with a higher intake of high fat dairy products, eggs and refined cereal products among men (OR 3.38; 95%CI 1.22-9.36). We could not find an association between the other dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers. Conclusion: Our results indicate an association between western-style dietary patterns and increased levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau. However, there was no relation between a healthier Mediterranean-style dietary pattern and CSF biomarkers for AD.
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| 5. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between dietary patterns and genetic factors in relation to incident dementia among 70-year-olds
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To investigate potential interactions between dietary patterns and genetic factors modulating risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in relation to incident dementia. Methods Data were derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Sweden, including 602 dementia-free 70-year-olds (examined 1992-93, or 2000-02; 64% women) followed for incident dementia until 2016. Two factors from a reduced rank regression analysis were translated into dietary patterns, one healthy (e.g., vegetables, fruit, and fish) and one western (e.g., red meat, refined cereals, and full-fat dairy products). Genetic risk was determined by APOE epsilon 4 status and non-APOE AD-polygenic risk scores (AD-PRSs). Gene-diet interactions in relation to incident dementia were analysed with Cox regression models. The interaction p value threshold was < 0.1. Results There were interactions between the dietary patterns and APOE epsilon 4 status in relation to incident dementia (interaction p value threshold of < 0.1), while no evidence of interactions were found between the dietary patterns and the AD-PRSs. Those with higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern had a reduced risk of dementia among epsilon 4 non-carriers (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61; 0.98), but not among epsilon 4 carriers (HR: 0.86; CI: 0.63; 1.18). Those with a higher adherence to the western dietary pattern had an increased risk of dementia among epsilon 4 carriers (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05; 1.78), while no association was observed among epsilon 4 non-carriers (HR: 0.99; CI: 0.81; 1.21). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that there is an interplay between dietary patterns and APOE epsilon 4 status in relation to incident dementia.
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| 6. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between dietary patterns and genetic factors in relation to incident dementia among 70-year-olds
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background Genetic and lifestyle factors influence the risk of developing dementia. Diet is one of the modifiable lifestyle factors thought to affect risk, but it is unclear whether there is an interplay with genetic risk factors in relation to incident dementia. Method Data was derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies based in Sweden, including 602 dementia-free 70-year-olds (born 1922 or 1930; 64% women) with dietary and genetic data followed for incident dementia until 2016. Two dietary patterns were derived with reduced rank regression analysis, one healthy (e.g., fruits, vegetables, fish) and one western (e.g., full-fat dairy products, refined bread, red and processed meat). Genetic risk was determined by APOE ε4 status and four non-APOE AD-polygenic risk scores (AD-PRSs). Gene-diet interactions in relation to incident dementia were analysed with cox regression models. If an interaction at a p-value threshold of p< 0.20 was detected, stratified analyses were performed. Analyses were adjusted for sex, energy intake, birth year, age at examination, educational level, physical activity level, cardiovascular risk factors and 10 principal components (to correct for population stratification). Result There was an interaction between APOE ε4 status and a healthy and a western dietary pattern in relation to incident dementia (p=0.13 and p=0.07), while no interactions were found between AD-PRSs and dietary patterns. Those with higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern had a reduced risk of dementia (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.64–0.94, p=0.008) among ε4 non-carriers, but not among ε4 carriers. There was a borderline association between a western dietary pattern and an increased risk of dementia among ε4 carriers (HR 1.25; 95% CI 0.97–1.61, p=0.08), while no association was observed among ε4 non-carriers. Conclusion The results suggest an interplay between APOE ε4 status and adherence to dietary patterns in relation to incident dementia. The findings from this study could be of importance for dementia prevention strategies and for future intervention studies investigating the effect of dietary patterns in relation to dementia incidence.
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| 7. |
- Samuelsson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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P3-608 : DIETARY PATTERNS AMONG 70-YEAR-OLDS IN RELATION TO CSF BIOMARKERS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Evidence suggests that diet could be a modifiable factor in the prevention of Alzheimeŕs disease (AD). High quality dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, has been suggested as protective, and lower quality dietary patterns, such as the western diet, has been suggested as a risk factor. Studies on the associations between dietary patterns and biomarker pathways for AD, are still limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers of relevance for AD in a sample of 70-year-olds from the general population. Methods Data was derived from the population based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden (n=1203). There were 273 non-demented participants with dietary- and CSF data (49% women). CSF levels of β-amyloid (Aβ)42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau were measured with ELISA. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method. Dietary intake was divided into food groups, and energy and nutrient intake were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using general linear models, adjusted for energy intake, APOE4, BMI, education, and physical activity level. Results Lower levels of β-amyloid in CSF were associated with a higher intake of fast food (p=0.041), fiber (p=0.039), fiber-rich bread (p=0.004) and cereals (p=0.021) among men. Among women, lower levels of β-amyloid were associated with a higher intake of sweets (e.g. candy, sweet bakery) (p=0.022), before adjusting for covariates, but not after. Higher levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau were associated with a higher margarine intake (primarily butter-based) among men (p=0.033 and p=0.048). Among women, higher tau-levels were associated with a higher intake of soda (e.g. soft drink, lemonade) (p=0.003). Conclusions Preliminary results indicate that the intake of lower quality foods, such as fast food, butter-based margarines and soda, was related to more pathological levels of the CSF biomarkers. In men, we also found a relation between fibre, fibre-rich bread and cereals and more pathological levels. Fibre are considered healthy, but the dietary quality of fibre-rich bread and cereals can vary. Further analyses will be conducted using a Mediterranean dietary index and principal component analyses.
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