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- Alhalaweh, Amjad, et al.
(författare)
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1:1 and 2:1 urea-succinic acid cocrystals : structural diversity, solution chemistry, and thermodynamic stability
- 2010
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 10:11, s. 4847-4855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this work was to study the crystal structures of 1:1 and 2:1 urea-succinic acid (U-SA) cocrystals and to investigate the role of solution chemistry in the formation and stability of different stoichiometric cocrystals. The structural diversity of other urea-dicarboxylic acid cocrystals is also discussed. The 1:1 U-SA cocrystal was stabilized by an acid-amide heterosynthon while acid-amide heterosynthons and amide-amide homosynthons stabilized the 2:1 cocrystals. The hydrogen bonding motifs in 1:1 and 2:1 U-SA cocrystals were consistent with other urea-dicarboxylic acid systems with similar stoichiometries. The 1:1 cocrystals were transformed to 2:1 cocrystals upon slurrying in various solvents at 25 °C. The phase solubility diagram was used to define the stability regions of different solid phases in 2-propanol at 25 °C. While no phase stability region for 1:1 cocrystal could be found, the stable regions for the 2:1 cocrystals and their pure components were defined by eutectic points. The solubility of the 2:1 cocrystals was dependent on the concentration of the ligand in the solution and explained by the solubility product and 1:1 solution complexation. The mathematical models predicting the solubility of the 2:1 cocrystals were evaluated and found to fit the experimental data
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- Basavoju, Srinivas, et al.
(författare)
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Indomethacin-saccharin cocrystal : design, synthesis and preliminary pharmaceutical characterization
- 2008
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Ingår i: Pharmaceutical research. - : Springer. - 0724-8741 .- 1573-904X. ; 25:3, s. 530-541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. To design and prepare cocrystals of indomethacin using crystal engineering approaches, with the ultimate objective of improving the physical properties of indomethacin, especially solubility and dissolution rate. Materials and Methods. Various cocrystal formers, including saccharin, were used in endeavours to obtain indomethacin cocrystals by slow evaporation from a series of solvents. The melting point of crystalline phases was determined. The potential cocrystalline phase was characterized by DSC, IR, Raman and PXRD techniques. The indomethacin-saccharin cocrystal (hereafter IND-SAC cocrystal) structure was determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Pharmaceutically relevant properties such as the dissolution rate and dynamic vapour sorption (DVS) of the IND-SAC cocrystal were evaluated. Solid state and liquid-assisted (solvent-drop) cogrinding methods were also applied to indomethacin and saccharin. Results. The IND-SAC cocrystals were obtained from ethyl acetate. Physical characterization showed that the IND-SAC cocrystal is unique vis-a-vis thermal, spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction properties. The cocrystals were obtained in a 1:1 ratio with a carboxylic acid and imide dimer synthons. The dissolution rate of IND-SAC cocrystal system was considerably faster than that of the stable indomethacin gamma-form. DVS studies indicated that the cocrystals gained less than 0.05% in weight at 98%RH. IND-SAC cocrystal was also obtained by solid state and liquid-assisted cogrinding methods. Conclusions. The IND-SAC cocrystal was formed with a unique and interesting carboxylic acid and imide dimer synthons interconnected by weak N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds. The cocrystals were non-hygroscopic and were associated with a significantly faster dissolution rate than indomethacin (gamma-form).
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- Basavoju, Srinivas, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmaceutical cocrystal and salts of norfloxacin
- 2006
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 6:12, s. 2699-2708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the structural and pharmaceutical properties of norfloxacin (a poorly soluble antibacterial drug), its cocrystal, and salts. Norfloxacin in the anhydrous form (form A, 1) was crystallized. It was cocrystallized with isonicotinamide (2), and organic salts were prepared with succinic acid, malonic acid, and maleic acid (3-5, respectively). These phases were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data were obtained, and crystal structures were solved. The apparent solubility of these phases was determined. Robust O-H⋯O, O-H⋯O-, O-H⋯N, N-H⋯O, N+-H-O -, and N-H⋯N interactions were present in all these structures. Quinolone moieties in these structures stack with π⋯π interactions and form channels to include CHCl3 or H2O. Herein we report a new cocrystal and salts of norfloxacin with improved aqueous solubility
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- Basavoju, Srinivas, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmaceutical salts of fluoroquinolone antibacterial drugs with acesulfame sweetener
- 2012
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Ingår i: Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1542-1406 .- 1563-5287. ; 562:1, s. 254-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel organic salts of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin with artificial sweeteners such as saccharin and acesulfame were prepared. The two salts 1 and 2 were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Finally, the crystal structures were solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction data and the structures were analyzed in terms of supramolecular synthons. In norfloxacin acesulfamate 1, two norfloxacin cations and two acesulfame anions form an eight membered cyclic tetramer supramolecular synthon. The salt, ciprofloxacin acesulfamate 2, has a similar structure as salt 1. This study contributes the importance of crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry to the pharmaceutical applications in terms of interactions and structural correlations in the design of new solid phases. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals to view the free supplemental file.
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