| 1. |
- Meding, B, et al.
(författare)
-
Does tobacco smoking influence the occurrence of hand eczema?
- 2009
-
Ingår i: The British journal of dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 160:3, s. 514-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking is known to influence various inflammatory skin diseases and an association between tobacco smoking and hand eczema has been proposed in some studies. OBJECTIVES: To examine a possible association between reported current tobacco smoking and the occurrence of hand eczema. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Previously collected questionnaire data on the occurrence of hand eczema in three occupational cohorts and corresponding controls from the general population were studied. The questionnaires used included questions on 1-year prevalence of hand eczema and questions on smoking habits. For one occupational group, hairdressers and their controls, information on amount of smoking was obtained. Information on age, sex and history of atopy was also available. RESULTS: In total, answers regarding smoking and hand eczema were obtained from 13,452 individuals. Out of 3493 smokers, 437 (12.5%) reported hand eczema compared with 1294 out of 9959 nonsmokers (13.0%) (P = 0.51). With regard to the number of cigarettes smoked, 22.6% of the hairdressers smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day reported hand eczema compared with 17.4% of those smoking 0-10 cigarettes per day (P = 0.01). Corresponding figures for the controls were 14.5% and 11.7%, respectively (P = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS: No clear association was found between 1-year prevalence of hand eczema and smoking. Heavy smoking, more than 10 cigarettes per day, may give a slightly increased risk of hand eczema. Further studies with information on the amount of tobacco consumption and on possible confounders are needed to evaluate smoking as a risk factor for hand eczema.
|
|
| 2. |
- Meding, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Occupational skin exposure and hand eczema among dental technicians-need for improved prevention
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Scand J Work Environ Health.. ; 32:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to estimate occupational skin exposure, the use of skin protection, and the incidence of hand eczema among dental technicians. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, dental technicians (N=2139) and randomly selected population controls (N=2288) received a postal questionnaire on occupational skin exposure, protective glove use, and hand eczema, including the year of onset. The response rate was 57% for the dental technicians and 58% for the controls. RESULTS: Altogether 80% of the dental technicians reported skin exposure to uncured (meth)acrylates (MA), and 87% had skin contact with grinding dust from MA. Thirty-nine percent used protective gloves when handling uncured MA. Twenty-two percent of the currently employed technicians reported participation in obligatory training concerning the handling of thermosetting plastics, and 58% did not know how long normally used gloves protected the skin against uncured MA. Altogether 48% of the dental technicians and 30% of the controls reported more than 10 hand washings a day (P<0.001). For the dental technicians, the incidence of hand eczema was 8.5 cases/1000 person-years during MA-exposed time. For the controls, the incidence was 3.3. The incidence rate ratio for the men was 3.6 (95% CI 2.3-5.6), and for the women it was 2.4 (95% CI 1.7-3.3). CONCLUSIONS: The work of dental technicians involves frequent and unprotected exposure to MA and frequent hand washings. Dental technicians have twice the risk of hand eczema than the general population. Efforts to improve skin protection and increase participation in obligatory training about handling thermosetting plastics are important.
|
|
