| 1. |
- Andrade, Marcelo A., et al.
(author)
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Energy from Garbage: Recycling Heavy Metal-Containing Wastewater Adsorbents for Energy Storage
- 2024
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In: Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research. - 2699-9412. ; In Press
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The global challenge of heavy metal contamination in wastewater necessitates efficient adsorbents, which, while they can effectively remove contaminants, ultimately become toxic waste themselves. Recycling wastewater adsorbents loaded with heavy metals is an alternative to their disposal as toxic garbage. This study presents a genuine recycling strategy for heavy metal-loaded adsorbents, repurposing them as electrode materials for energy storage applications, that is, electrochemical capacitors, and thus synergistically tackles water purification and waste valorization. Graphene oxide was prepared via the improved Hummers’ method, and subsequently, a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) foam was hydrothermally synthesized. This rGO-based foam adsorbed >95% of the Hg2+ ions in a 100 ppm solution, using a dose = 500 mg L−1, and up to 240 mg of Hg2+ ions/g on average at 25 °C, which are among the highest values reported so far. Electrochemically, the Hg-loaded rGO (rGO/Hgads) exhibits mercury redox activity and a 15% increase in capacity as compared to pristine rGO in an aqueous cell. Overall, this demonstrates the potential of reprocessed wastewater adsorbents as efficient and sustainable electrodes for high-power energy storage (time constant τ = 11 s), offering a compelling solution to add more value and extend the life cycle of waste materials.
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| 2. |
- Lindberg, Simon, 1987, et al.
(author)
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Charge storage mechanism of α-MnO2 in protic and aprotic ionic liquid electrolytes
- 2020
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In: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 460
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work we have investigated the charge storage mechanism of MnO2 electrodes in ionic liquid electrolytes. We show that by using an ionic liquid with a cation that has the ability to form hydrogen bonds with the active material (MnO2) on the surface of the electrode, a clear faradaic contribution is obtained. This situation is found for ionic liquids with cations that have a low pKa, i.e. protic ionic liquids. For a protic ionic liquid, the specific capacity at low scan rate rates can be explained by a densely packed layer of cations that are in a standing geometry, with a proton directly interacting through a hydrogen bond with the surface of the active material in the electrode. In contrast, for aprotic ionic liquids there is no interaction and only a double layer contribution to the charge storage is observed. However, by adding an alkali salt to the aprotic ionic liquid, a faradaic contribution is obtained from the insertion of Li+ into the surface of the MnO2 electrode. No effect can be observed when Li+ is added to the protic IL, suggesting that a densely packed cation layer in this case prevent Li-ions from reaching the active material surface.
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| 3. |
- Luisa Mearin, M, et al.
(author)
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European multi-centre study on coeliac disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- 2006
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In: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 0954-691X .- 1473-5687. ; 18:2, s. 187-194
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Coeliac disease (CD) is associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but there is little information about whether this is true for clinically silent CD. Objective: To investigate the frequency of CD in two European populations; one with NHL and another derived from the general population. Methods: A prospective, multi-centre, case-control study in 10 European countries was conducted between May 1998 and April 2001. A total of 1446 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed NHLaged over 18 years was collected. The control group consisted of a population of 9676 individuals who were screened for CD. The number of patients with a previous diagnosis of CD and those with silent CD detected by screening were determined in the two groups. Results: The patients with CD had a significantly increased risk of developing NHL [odds ratio (OR) 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-4.9]. This risk was only present in patients with CD diagnosed clinically before the study (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.4-7.9), but not in those with silent CD detected by screening (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.6-2.7). Conclusion: Patients with CD have an increased risk of developing NHL, although this is lower than previously thought. Clinically silent CD is rare in patients with NHL.
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