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- Hallman, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Perspectives on Differences in Perceived External Stress : A Study of Women and Men with Coronary Heart Disease
- 2002
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Ingår i: Stress and health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 18, s. 105-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Focuses on diiversities among women and men rare, and few studies have focused on gender differences in psychosocial factors and coronary heart disease. The present study is one of a series in which a wide range of psychosocial factors will be analysed with a focus on women. We compared women with men as regards the impact of educational level and occupational position on differences in perceived external stress. A questionnaire (The Stress Profile) was answered by 538 rehabilitation paricipants (97 women, 441 men), and a reference group (5308 women, 5177 men), aged 40-65 years. Generally, women reported a higher value of perceived external stress than men. Most interesting, however, are the patterns of differences that emerged when women and men were compared in different subgroups. Women with upper secondary school education and women in white-collar positions reported significantly higher levels of perceived external stress than men in the respective groups. When using common multivariate methods and adjusting for gender a great deal of information can be lost, and adjusting for gender makes it more difficult to find the true effect of exposures. It is only by regarding women and men separately that it is possible to link their very different working conditions and experience of stress to different health effects and vice versa.
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| 3. |
- Hallman, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Stress, Burnout and Coping : Differences between Women with Coronary Heart Disease and Healthy Matched Women
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Psychology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1359-1053 .- 1461-7277. ; 8:4, s. 433-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress is becoming more significant for women, along with the increasing number of women in the workforce. The present study compared women with respect to burnout and coping abilities, and related to the impact of educational level on differences in coping strategies. Women with coronary heart disease reported a higher level of burnout and had the highest scores demonstrating lack of coping, which indicates lesser coping abilities. Differences concerning strain reduction, self-control and emotional distancing are discussed in terms of living conditions. We also discuss that in order to optimize the outcome of rehabilitation and prevention we need more research on women, of women and especially from women’s point of view.
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- Perk, Joep, et al.
(författare)
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Study of patient information after percutaneous coronary intervention (SPICI) : should prevention programmes become more effective?
- 2015
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Ingår i: EuroIntervention. - : EuroPCR. - 1774-024X .- 1969-6213. ; 10:11, s. e1-e7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This cross-sectional observational study was designed to evaluate the uptake and outcome of patient education after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and results: A questionnaire containing 41 items was handed out to consecutive patients from randomly selected Swedish hospitals after PCI. Questions concerned the patient's attribution of the cause of the cardiac event, perception of the information provided by physicians and nurses, and a self-assessment of changes in lifestyle post PCI regarding tobacco, physical activity, food habits and stress. Replies were obtained from 1,073 patients (reply rate 67%). Non-modifiable risk factors (age, heredity) were attributed a higher rate as the cause of disease compared to modifiable factors (smoking, physical activity, food habits). Most patients (67%) perceived they were cured, and 38% perceived from the given information that there was no need to change their habits. A mere 27% reported that they still had cardiovascular disease and needed behavioural change. After PCI, 16% continued to use tobacco; half of these were offered smoking cessation support. In spite of an 80% referral rate to cardiac rehabilitation, one out of two patients did not enrol. Fewer than half were regularly physically active. Nutritional counselling was provided to 71%, but only 40% changed food habits. Stress management programmes were rarely provided.Conclusions: Current preventive practice scarcely meets the challenge posed by the progress in modern invasive cardiology. The Study of Patient Information after percutaneous Coronary Intervention (SPICI) motivates an in-depth revision and adaptation of cardiac rehabilitation programmes in order to improve patient understanding of the disease, and to support greater compliance with a cardioprotective lifestyle.
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