| 1. |
- Becker, Per, et al.
(author)
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The System for Crisis Management in Sweden : Collaborative, Conformist, Contradictory
- 2017. - 1
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In: Handbook of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management. - : World Scientific. - 9789813207943 - 9789813207967 ; , s. 69-95
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter introduces the system for crisis management in Sweden. Over the last century, Sweden has gone from being a poor European backwater to being among the countries with the highest human development in the world. The droughts and harsh winters that killed thousands and drove numerous Swedes to emigrate in the past are mere distractions today and the contemporary system for crisis management is designed to deal with a broader variety of crises than the ones triggered by natural hazards. The system is based on the principles of responsibility, parity and proximity, and distributes sector and area responsibility for crisis management to numerous actors. It is built to a great extent on collaboration between these actors, which is challenging but working relatively well in the cultural context of consensus-seeking and compliance to official guidelines and accepted rules of engagement. However, the system is in itself ambiguous in the sense of distributing responsibility to all kinds of actors and then focusing almost exclusively on public actors in legislation, guidelines and practice. There is also often a gap between policy and practice concerning how area responsibility is exercised, and a lack of clarity in current sector specific legislation
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| 2. |
- Becker, Per, et al.
(author)
-
The System for Crisis Management in Sweden: Collaborative, Conformist, Contradictory
- 2017
-
In: Handbook of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management. ; , s. 69-95
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter introduces the system for crisis management in Sweden. Over the last century, Sweden has gone from being a poor European backwater to being among the countries with the highest human development in the world. The droughts and harsh winters that killed thousands and drove numerous Swedes to emigrate in the past are mere distractions today and the contemporary system for crisis management is designed to deal with a broader variety of crises than the ones triggered by natural hazards. The system is based on the principles of responsibility, parity and proximity, and distributes sector and area responsibility for crisis management to numerous actors. It is built to a great extent on collaboration between these actors, which is challenging but working relatively well in the cultural context of consensus-seeking and compliance to official guidelines and accepted rules of engagement. However, the system is in itself ambiguous in the sense of distributing responsibility to all kinds of actors and then focusing almost exclusively on public actors in legislation, guidelines and practice. There is also often a gap between policy and practice concerning how area responsibility is exercised, and a lack of clarity in current sector specific legislation.
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| 3. |
- Boin, Arjen, et al.
(author)
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Building an IT Platform for Strategic Crisis Management Preparation
- 2014
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In: 10th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob). - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 20-27
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the result of the work achieved in the frame of three successive European Projects, which aimed to build an innovative system to assist security managers in the crisis preparation, training and management phases. The iterative approach of the consortium is presented, as well as the results. A novel interactive and shared Common Operational Picture is proposed which has been validated by three large scale demonstrations. On-going and future work focusing on the security concepts and measures of building interiors is moreover presented.
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| 4. |
- Boin, Arjen, et al.
(author)
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Explaining Success and Failure in Crisis Coordination
- 2015
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In: Geografiska Annaler. Series A, Physical Geography. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0435-3676 .- 1468-0459. ; 97:1, s. 123-135
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In virtually every assessment of responses to large-scale crises and disasters, coordination is identified as a critical failure factor. After the crisis, official committees and political opponents often characterize the early phases of the response as a ‘failure to coordinate.’ Not surprisingly, improved coordination quickly emerges as the prescribed solution. Coordination, then, is apparently both the problem and the solution. But the proposed solutions rarely solve the problem: coordination continues to mar most crises and disasters. In the absence of a shared body of knowledge on coordination, it is hard to formulate a normative framework that allows for systematic assessment of coordination in times of crisis. As coordination is widely perceived as an important function of crisis and disaster management, this absence undermines a fair and balanced assessment of crisis management performance. This paper seeks to address that void. We aim to develop a framework that explains both the failure and success of crisis coordination. We do this by exploring the relevant literature, reformulating what coordination is and distilling from research the factors that cause failure and success.
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| 5. |
- Brown, Christer
(author)
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The 2005 Hurricane Katrina response failure : Seeing preparedness for foreseeable complex problems through a neo-institutional lens
- 2015
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Governmental organisations often fail to prepare themselves adequately for complex problems such as natural disasters. This is remarkable because these threats are usually studied intensively and governments do develop plans for such situations. Christer Brown demonstrates in his thesis that the complexity of governmental systems and the mutual interdependence of various government organisations hinder the preparations for something like a natural disaster. This particularly applies to government organisations which have to operate in a many-layered administrative system. Brown investigated the case of the American Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which appeared to be insufficiently prepared to respond adequately during the disaster caused by hurricane Katrina in Louisiana in 2005. This was apparently due to a shift in political attention from natural disasters to terrorism within the FEMA, and this forced the agency to establish different priorities for its policies.
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| 6. |
- Brändström, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Governing by Looking Back : Historical Analogies and Crisis Management
- 2004
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In: Public Administration. - : Wiley. - 0033-3298 .- 1467-9299. ; 82:1, s. 191-210
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article offers a conceptual framework that broadens and enhances our understanding of the role of ‘history’ in contemporary governance and the attempts by policy-makers to ‘manage’ critical issues. Building upon the literature on historical analogies in policy-making, we distinguish three dimensions that clarify how the past may emerge in and affect the current deliberations, choices and rhetoric of policy-makers. We apply this in a comparative examination of two cases of crisis management where historical analogies played an important part: the Swedish response to (alleged) submarine intrusions in 1982, and the European Union sanctions against Austria in 1999. We induce from the case comparison new concepts and hypotheses for understanding the role of historical analogies in public policy-making and crisis management.
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| 7. |
- Brändström, Annika, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Governing by Looking Back : Historical analogies and crisis management
- 2008
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In: Crisis Management. - London : Sage. - 9781847870889
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This article offers a conceptual framework that broadens and enhances our understanding of the role of ‘history’ in contemporary governance and the attempts by policy-makers to ‘manage’ critical issues. Building upon the literature on historical analogies in policy-making, we distinguish three dimensions that clarify how the past may emerge in and affect the current deliberations, choices and rhetoric of policy-makers. We apply this in a comparative examination of two cases of crisis management where historical analogies played an important part: the Swedish response to (alleged) submarine intrusions in 1982, and the European Union sanctions against Austria in 1999. We induce from the case comparison new concepts and hypotheses for understanding the role of historical analogies in public policy-making and crisis management.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bynander, Fredrik, 1970-
(author)
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Crisis Decision Making and Management
- 2017. - 1
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In: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Political Behavior. - London : Sage Publications. - 9781483391168 - 9781483391144
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Crisis management studies is a research area that analyzes how public and private actors respond to events that threaten individuals and society. There are many organizational and societal processes that enter this empirical space, and several social science disciplines have contributed to the development of this research area, such as sociology, political science, psychology, public administration, and international relations. A core question when studying the management of crises will always be: What characterizes high-stakes decisions made under pressing circumstances? When starting to answer this question, we need an understanding of both psychological and institutional forces that surround the situation in order to see the individual decision maker in context.
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