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Sökning: WFRF:(Caccone Adalgisa) > Uppsala universitet

  • Resultat 1-3 av 3
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1.
  • Bishop, Anusha P., et al. (författare)
  • A machine learning approach to integrating genetic and ecological data in tsetse flies (Glossina pallidipes) for spatially explicit vector control planning
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Evolutionary Applications. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1752-4571. ; 14:7, s. 1762-1777
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Vector control is an effective strategy for reducing vector-borne disease transmission, but requires knowledge of vector habitat use and dispersal patterns. Our goal was to improve this knowledge for the tsetse species Glossina pallidipes, a vector of human and animal African trypanosomiasis, which are diseases that pose serious health and socioeconomic burdens across sub-Saharan Africa. We used random forest regression to (i) build and integrate models of G. pallidipes habitat suitability and genetic connectivity across Kenya and northern Tanzania and (ii) provide novel vector control recommendations. Inputs for the models included field survey records from 349 trap locations, genetic data from 11 microsatellite loci from 659 flies and 29 sampling sites, and remotely sensed environmental data. The suitability and connectivity models explained approximately 80% and 67% of the variance in the occurrence and genetic data and exhibited high accuracy based on cross-validation. The bivariate map showed that suitability and connectivity vary independently across the landscape and was used to inform our vector control recommendations. Post hoc analyses show spatial variation in the correlations between the most important environmental predictors from our models and each response variable (e.g., suitability and connectivity) as well as heterogeneity in expected future climatic change of these predictors. The bivariate map suggests that vector control is most likely to be successful in the Lake Victoria Basin and supports the previous recommendation that G. pallidipes from most of eastern Kenya should be managed as a single unit. We further recommend that future monitoring efforts should focus on tracking potential changes in vector presence and dispersal around the Serengeti and the Lake Victoria Basin based on projected local climatic shifts. The strong performance of the spatial models suggests potential for our integrative methodology to be used to understand future impacts of climate change in this and other vector systems.
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2.
  • Leonard, Jennifer A, et al. (författare)
  • A rapid loss of stripes : the evolutionary history of the extinct quagga.
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Biol Lett. - 1744-9561. ; 1:3, s. 291-5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Twenty years ago, the field of ancient DNA was launched with the publication of two short mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequences from a single quagga (Equus quagga) museum skin, an extinct South African equid (Higuchi et al. 1984 Nature312, 282-284). This was the first extinct species from which genetic information was retrieved. The DNA sequences of the quagga showed that it was more closely related to zebras than to horses. However, quagga evolutionary history is far from clear. We have isolated DNA from eight quaggas and a plains zebra (subspecies or phenotype Equus burchelli burchelli). We show that the quagga displayed little genetic diversity and very recently diverged from the plains zebra, probably during the penultimate glacial maximum. This emphasizes the importance of Pleistocene climate changes for phylogeographic patterns in African as well as Holarctic fauna.
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3.
  • Puckett, Emily E., et al. (författare)
  • Global population divergence and admixture of the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus)
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 283:1841
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Native to China and Mongolia, the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) now enjoys a worldwide distribution. While black rats and the house mouse tracked the regional development of human agricultural settlements, brown rats did not appear in Europe until the 1500s, suggesting their range expansion was a response to relatively recent increases in global trade. We inferred the global phylogeography of brown rats using 32 k SNPs, and detected 13 evolutionary clusters within five expansion routes. One cluster arose following a southward expansion into Southeast Asia. Three additional clusters arose from two independent eastward expansions: one expansion from Russia to the Aleutian Archipelago, and a second to western North America. Westward expansion resulted in the colonization of Europe from which subsequent rapid colonization of Africa, the Americas and Australasia occurred, and multiple evolutionary clusters were detected. An astonishing degree of fine-grained clustering between and within sampling sites underscored the extent to which urban heterogeneity shaped genetic structure of commensal rodents. Surprisingly, few individuals were recent migrants, suggesting that recruitment into established populations is limited. Understanding the global population structure of R. norvegicus offers novel perspectives on the forces driving the spread of zoonotic disease, and aids in development of rat eradication programmes.
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  • Resultat 1-3 av 3

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