| 1. |
- Bulten, W, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial intelligence for diagnosis and Gleason grading of prostate cancer: the PANDA challenge
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-170X .- 1078-8956. ; 28:21, s. 154-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise for diagnosing prostate cancer in biopsies. However, results have been limited to individual studies, lacking validation in multinational settings. Competitions have been shown to be accelerators for medical imaging innovations, but their impact is hindered by lack of reproducibility and independent validation. With this in mind, we organized the PANDA challenge—the largest histopathology competition to date, joined by 1,290 developers—to catalyze development of reproducible AI algorithms for Gleason grading using 10,616 digitized prostate biopsies. We validated that a diverse set of submitted algorithms reached pathologist-level performance on independent cross-continental cohorts, fully blinded to the algorithm developers. On United States and European external validation sets, the algorithms achieved agreements of 0.862 (quadratically weighted κ, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.840–0.884) and 0.868 (95% CI, 0.835–0.900) with expert uropathologists. Successful generalization across different patient populations, laboratories and reference standards, achieved by a variety of algorithmic approaches, warrants evaluating AI-based Gleason grading in prospective clinical trials.
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| 2. |
- Lee, C C, et al.
(författare)
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Traffic condition monitoring using weighted kernel density for intelligent transportation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceeding - 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN 2015. - 9781479966493 ; , s. 624-627
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart transportation is an application of intelligent system on transportation domain, expected to bring the society environmental and economic advantages. By combining with IoT techniques, the concept is being enhanced and raised to a system level. Numerous data are able to collect and effective analysis technique is needed. Here in this paper, we proposed a framework of employing IoT technique to construct a free time navigation system. The system aims at providing a real-time quantification of traffic conditions and suggests optimal route based on the information retrieved. The system can be basically separated into two major components: (i) the traffic condition estimation module and the (ii) real-time routing algorithm. In the first component, traffic conditions of roads will be estimated based the information collected from sensors installed on vehicles. Based on these location and speed information, the traffic condition can be quantified using a weighted kernel density estimation (WKDE) function. This function is a function of time and provides a real time insight of the overall traffic condition. By combining this information and the topological structure of the road network, a more accurate time consumption on each road can be estimated and hence enable a better routing.
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| 3. |
- Ruan, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen removal performance and metabolic pathways analysis of a novel aerobic denitrifying halotolerant Pseudomonas balearica strain RAD-17
- 2020
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An aerobic denitrification strain, Pseudomonas balearica RAD-17, was identified and showed efficient inorganic nitrogen removal ability. The average NO3–-N, NO2–-N, and total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) removal rate (>95% removal efficiency) in a batch test was 6.22 mg/(L·∙h), 6.30 mg/(L·∙h), and 1.56 mg/(L·∙h), respectively. Meanwhile, optimal incubate conditions were obtained through single factor experiments. For nitrogen removal pathways, the transcriptional results proved that respiratory nitrate reductases encoded by napA, which was primarily performed in aerobic denitrification and cell assimilation, were conducted by gluS and gluD genes for ammonium metabolism. In addition, adding the strain RAD-17 into actual wastewater showed obvious higher denitrification performance than in the no inoculum group (84.22% vs. 22.54%), and the maximum cell abundance achieved 28.5 ± 4.5% in a ratio of total cell numbers. Overall, the efficient nitrogen removal performance plus strong environmental fitness makes the strain RAD-17 a potential alternative for RAS (recirculating aquaculture system) effluent treatment. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 4. |
- Zhang, H. L., et al.
(författare)
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Solid solution strengthening of high-entropy alloys from first-principles study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science & Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1005-0302. ; 121, s. 105-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solid solution strengthening (SSS) is one kind of strengthening mechanisms and plays an important role in alloy design, in particular for single-phase alloys including high-entropy alloys (HEAs). The classical Labusch-Nabarro model and its expansions are most widely applicable to treating SSS of solid solution alloys including both conventional alloys (CAs) and HEAs. In this study, the SSS effects in a series of Fe based CAs and HEAs are investigated by using the classical Labusch-Nabarro model and its expansions. The size misfit and shear modulus misfit parameters are derived from first-principles calculations. Based on available experimental data in combination with empirical SSS model, we propose fitting constants (i.e., the ratio between experimental hardness and predicted SSS effect) for these two families of alloys. The predicted host/alloy family-dependent fitting constants can be used to estimate the hardness of these SSS alloys. General agreement between predicted and measured hardness values is satisfactory for both CAs and HEAs, implying that the proposed approach is reliable and successful.
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| 5. |
- Chen, Hao, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative Study and Design Optimization of a Dual-Mechanical-Port Electric Machine for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 71:8, s. 8341-8353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new dual-mechanical-port (DMP) electric machine for hybrid electric vehicle applications, particularly in the power-split continuously variable transmission systems, is proposed in this paper. In order to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the pros and cons of the proposed machine, a comparative study of four DMP electric machines with different topologies is conducted. These four investigated DMP electric machines include a conventional DMP machine, a DMP machine with spoke-type permanent magnets, a DMP machine with reluctance rotor, and a DMP machine with open slots which is the proposed machine in this paper. Even though these four machines have similar topologies, they have different operating principles, which are demonstrated in detail. The comparison results indicate that the DMP machine with open slots outperforms the others in terms of torque/power density, efficiency, magnet utilization, etc. Accordingly, the DMP machine with open slots is selected for further investigation and optimization. A large-scale multi-objective optimization is carried out for this machine, where the differential evolution algorithm serves as a global search engine to target optimal performance. Finally, an optimal design is prototyped, and the experimental results are performed to verify the effectiveness of the analysis and simulation results in this paper.
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| 6. |
- Chen, Hao, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Analysis of a Variable-Speed Constant-Amplitude Wind Generator for Stand-Alone DC Power Applications
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. - 0278-0046 .- 1557-9948. ; 70:8, s. 7731-7742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the design and analysis of a permanent magnet (PM) wind generator, which consists of two sets of windings, and two rotors. The proposed PM wind generator is designed for variable-speed constant-amplitude voltage operation in dc power applications, in order to maximize the utilization of wind energy and make the electricity more accessible to stand-alone situations, e.g., remote areas and offshore islands. The operating principle of the variable-speed constant-amplitude voltage operation of the proposed PM wind generator is demonstrated in detail. A comparative study is carried out among the proposed generator, a conventional surface-mounted PM synchronous generator, and an existing counterpart generator used for the same application. The results show that compared to the conventional PM synchronous generator and the existing counterpart, the proposed PM wind generator exhibits the advantages of high induced voltage, high torque/power density, high efficiency, etc. Finally, the proposed PM wind generator is prototyped and manufactured. The validity of the variable-speed constant-amplitude operation of the proposed generator under both steady-state and dynamic conditions, is verified by experimental results.
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| 7. |
- Yuan, Z. H., et al.
(författare)
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An analytical model for calculating vibrations from twin tunnels in a saturated poroelastic half-space
- 2019
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Ingår i: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0267-7261. ; 120, s. 23-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper a semi-analytical solution is proposed for modelling vibrations from a twin tunnel in a saturated poroelastic half-space. The twin tunnels are simulated as two hollow cylinders made of a viscoelastic material. The half-space containing the two circular cavities is described as a two-phase poroelastic material. The wave field in the half-space with two cylindrical cavities is taken as the combination of down-going plane waves from the ground surface and outgoing cylindrical waves from each tunnel. With the help of transformation and translation properties of the plane and cylindrical waves the boundary condition at each scattering surface can be expressed with the appropriate coordinates. Numerical results suggest that the reflection effect of the ground surface has limited influence on the response of the tunnels, but has a greater influence on the free-field response near the surface. Compared with the single tunnel solution, the wave field above the twin tunnels is greatly distorted.
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| 8. |
- Yuan, Z. H., et al.
(författare)
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Analytical solution for calculating vibrations from twin circular tunnels
- 2019
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Ingår i: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0267-7261. ; 117, s. 312-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The calculation of vibrations from a single tunnel embedded in a full- or half-space due to underground moving trains has been well studied in the literature. A common assumption made in the majority of vibration prediction models is to neglect the presence of a neighboring tunnel, however, twin tunnels are a particularly preferred construction for urban underground railways with one as the inbound tunnel and the other as the outbound tunnel. The neglect of the interaction between twin tunnels may lead to inaccuracies of the calculation of vibrations from underground railways. The present paper proposes a novel analytical solution, which takes the multiple scattering effects between the two tunnels into account. The two tunnels are modelled as elastic hollow cylinders and the soil surrounding the tunnels as an elastic, homogeneous full-space containing two cylindrical cavities. The wave field in the full-space with two cavities consists of outgoing waves from each tunnel outside the two scattering surfaces while the wave field in the tunnel wall is a combination of outgoing and regular cylindrical waves. The translation of the outgoing cylindrical wave functions is required to satisfy the boundary conditions at the other tunnel. Numerical results show that there are two critical velocities for a twin tunnel in a full-space system, both of which are around the shear wave velocity of the soil. Through comparison with the single tunnel solution, the addition of a second tunnel at different separation distances and angles has a significant influence on the soil response, especially in the high frequency range, but the response at the tunnel with the source is not much affected.
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| 9. |
- Yuan, Z. H., et al.
(författare)
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Analytical wave function method for modelling a twin tunnel embedded in a saturated poroelastic full-space
- 2019
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Ingår i: Computers and Geotechnics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-352X .- 1873-7633. ; 114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An analytical wave function method for the calculation of vibrations from two tunnels embedded in a saturated poroelastic full-space due to a harmonic point load is given, in which the multiple scattering between twin tunnels is considered exactly. The two tunnels made of viscoelastic material are modelled as two hollow cylinders. The soil surrounding two tunnels is water-saturated, and modelled as a two-phase poroelastic material. The wave field in the full-space with two circular cavities is a superposition of outgoing waves outside the two cavity surfaces. As there is water in the soil, the hydraulic boundary at the tunnel-soil interface is necessary when solving this multi-scattering problem. The translation properties of outgoing waves are adopted to apply boundary conditions described in two sets of cylindrical coordinates. The proposed analytical method for modelling twin tunnels provides a new tool to study the interaction between twin tunnels buried in a poroelastic medium. Some typical numerical results are given to illustrate the influence of the soil permeability and the permeability of the tunnel-soil interface on the displacement and pore pressure responses. In addition, the results for a single tunnel are compared to those of a twin tunnel with various separation distances and angles.
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| 10. |
- Yuan, Z. H., et al.
(författare)
-
The wave function method for calculation of vibrations from a twin tunnel in a multi-layered half-space
- 2019
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Ingår i: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0267-7261. ; 125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ground vibrations due to underground moving trains cause disturbances to nearby buildings and their residents, which has been viewed as an important environmental issue. Various numerical or semi-analytical models are used to calculate the vibrations from underground railways, however, most of the prediction models adopt a single tunnel-soil system for modelling vibrations from underground trains and neglect the influence of a neighboring tunnel. In this paper, a semi-analytical wave function method is proposed for modelling vibrations from twin tunnels in a multi-layered viscoelastic and poroelastic half-space. The two tunnels are modelled as two hollow cylinders while the surrounding soil is modelled as a multi-layered half-space containing two circular cavities. The vibrations of the tunnel walls are taken as a superposition of outgoing and regular cylindrical waves. The wave field in the soil layer containing two cavities consists of down-going and up-going plane waves and cylindrical waves propagating outwards from each tunnel. In the wave function method, the transformation and translation of the plane and cylindrical waves make it possible to apply the boundary conditions at the scattering surfaces. Numerical results show that the half-space model predicts higher surface vibrations than a full-space model at equivalent surface locations. When the second tunnel is added near a deeper existing tunnel, a wider range of the free-field response above the two tunnels is significantly changed, however, the response below twin tunnels is less affected. If the separation distance between the two tunnels is smaller than five times the tunnel diameter, a twin tunnel model in a half-space is more suitable for an accurate vibration prediction at the ground surface. The cutoff effect of the rigid base is more visible for shallow bedrock at lower frequencies while the influence of the bedrock is quite limited at higher frequencies.
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