| 1. |
- Davies, G., et al.
(författare)
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Study of 300,486 individuals identifies 148 independent genetic loci influencing general cognitive function
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- General cognitive function is a prominent and relatively stable human trait that is associated with many important life outcomes. We combine cognitive and genetic data from the CHARGE and COGENT consortia, and UK Biobank (total N = 300,486; age 16-102) and find 148 genome-wide significant independent loci (P < 5 × 10-8) associated with general cognitive function. Within the novel genetic loci are variants associated with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders, physical and psychiatric illnesses, and brain structure. Gene-based analyses find 709 genes associated with general cognitive function. Expression levels across the cortex are associated with general cognitive function. Using polygenic scores, up to 4.3% of variance in general cognitive function is predicted in independent samples. We detect significant genetic overlap between general cognitive function, reaction time, and many health variables including eyesight, hypertension, and longevity. In conclusion we identify novel genetic loci and pathways contributing to the heritability of general cognitive function.
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| 2. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Persistent and Developing Sleep Problems : A Prospective Cohort Study on the Relationship to Poor Outcome in Patients Attending a Pain Clinic with Chronic Low Back Pain
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pain Practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1530-7085 .- 1533-2500. ; 18:1, s. 79-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sleep problems are common in people with low back pain (LBP); however, the mechanisms of how sleep influences pain are complex. To date there is a lack of prospective research on the timing and development of sleep problems in those who have LBP; such information would be useful to identify individuals at risk for poor outcomes. Our aims are to investigate the predictive role of sleep problems on self-report recovery and pain intensity using logistic regression reporting odds ratios (ORs). An observational cohort of 761 chronic LBP patients recruited from a pain management clinic participated, and they completed data at baseline and at 6-month follow-up (n = 682). Results show increased odds for reported nonrecovery (OR 1.52) and pain intensity (OR 2.69) among those who reported sleep problems at baseline. Further analysis on the experience of sleep problems through time showed that those with developing sleep problems (ie, no sleep problems at baseline but reported sleep problems at follow-up) were at increased odds for reporting nonrecovery (OR 2.17) and pain intensity (OR 2.95), as were those who reported sleep problems at both baseline and follow-up, for recovery (OR 2.88) and pain intensity (OR 3.45). Those with resolving sleep problems (ie, sleep problems present at baseline but not at follow-up) were at decreased odds for nonrecovery (OR 0.50) and pain intensity (0.49). Presenting, persistent, and developing sleep problems have a significant impact on recovery for those with LBP. Clinicians may wish to consider treatment options that can address sleep problems.
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