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Sökning: WFRF:(Carpenter J) > Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan

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1.
  • Fischer, S. M., et al. (författare)
  • Alignment delays in the N = Z nuclei Kr-72, Sr-76, and Zr-80
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 8713:13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The ground state rotational bands of the N = Z nuclei Kr-72, Sr-76, and Zr-80 have been extended into the angular momentum region where rotation alignment of particles is normally expected. By measuring the moments of inertia of these bands we have observed a consistent increase in the rotational frequency required to start pair breaking, when compared to neighboring nuclei. Kr-72 shows the most marked effect. It has been widely suggested that these delayed alignments arise from np-pairing correlations. However, alignment frequencies are very sensitive to shape degrees of freedom and normal pairing, so the new experimental observations are still open to interpretation.
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2.
  • Kelsall, N. S., et al. (författare)
  • Testing mean-field models near the N=Z line : gamma-ray spectroscopy of the T-z=1/2 nucleus Kr-73
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 65:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Excited states in the N=Z+1 nucleus Kr-73 have been investigated using the Ca-40(Ar-36,2pn) and Ca-40(Ca-40,alpha2pn) reactions at 145 and 160 MeV, respectively. gamma rays were detected using the Gammasphere array and events were recorded in coincidence with charged-particle and neutron detectors. The three previously observed bands were extended to high spin, and a new unfavored positive-parity band has been observed. The alignment characteristics and decay properties of the bands are all consistent with large-deformation prolate rotation, with no clear evidence for oblate bands or shape coexistence. This is quite different from neighboring Kr-72,Kr-74, indicating a strong shape-stabilizing role for the valence neutron. The experimental results are compared to extended total Routhian surface, cranked Nilsson Strutinsky, and cranked relativistic mean-field calculations. The results suggest that the paired calculations lack some important physics. Neutron-proton correlations may be the missing ingredient. There is also evidence for an unusual band crossing in the negative-parity bands, which may indicate the presence of T=0 pairing correlations. At high spin all the models can reproduce the experimental data.
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3.
  • Wilson, A. N., et al. (författare)
  • High-spin structures and alignment properties in Ce-126
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 6305:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Excited states in Ce-126 have been observed with the GAMMASPHERE gamma -ray detector array, used in conjunction with the MICROBALL charged-particle detector. The reaction Zn-64(Zn-64, xpn alpha) (beam energy 260 MeV) was used to populate a wide range of nuclei in the neutron-deficient region with A approximate to 120. Ce-126 was populated via the 2p evaporation channel. The three previously observed bands have been extended to higher spins and some other structures have been identified. The yrast band shows evidence of a delayed neutron alignment occurring at a rotational frequency omega approximate to0.5 MeV/(h) over bar as observed in the neighboring odd-A nucleus Pr-127. One of the two excited bands shows evidence for a similar crossing at a slightly lower frequency and also exhibits a sudden gain in alignment at omega =0.57 MeV/(h) over bar. The third band may involve the coupling of a gamma -vibrational state. All three rotational bands are discussed in terms of standard and extended cranked shell model calculations.
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4.
  • Smith, J. F., et al. (författare)
  • Excited states and signature inversion in Cs-116
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 74:3, s. 034310-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Excited states have been observed for the first time in the very neutron-deficient, odd-odd nucleus, Cs-116(55)61. The assignment to Cs-116 has been made by the detection of gamma rays in coincidence with evaporated charged particles and with evaporation residues. The observed states form a rotational band which has been assigned to the nu(h(11/2)) circle times pi(h(11/2)) configuration. Tentative spin assignments have been made on the basis of systematic comparisons with neighboring cesium isotopes. A low-spin signature inversion is observed in the band at a rotational frequency of about 0.23 MeV/h. The observed signature inversions in the odd-odd Cs116-126 isotopes have been compared with the results of extended total Routhian surface calculations, in which signature inversion arises as a consequence of quadrupole-pairing correlations and triaxial deformation. As previously shown for some of the odd-odd A similar or equal to 120 isotopes, the calculations reproduce the signature inversions reasonably well.
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5.
  • Hollandi, R., et al. (författare)
  • nucleAIzer : A Parameter-free Deep Learning Framework for Nucleus Segmentation Using Image Style Transfer
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Cell Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-4712. ; 10:5, s. 453-458.e6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Single-cell segmentation is typically a crucial task of image-based cellular analysis. We present nucleAIzer, a deep-learning approach aiming toward a truly general method for localizing 2D cell nuclei across a diverse range of assays and light microscopy modalities. We outperform the 739 methods submitted to the 2018 Data Science Bowl on images representing a variety of realistic conditions, some of which were not represented in the training data. The key to our approach is that during training nucleAIzer automatically adapts its nucleus-style model to unseen and unlabeled data using image style transfer to automatically generate augmented training samples. This allows the model to recognize nuclei in new and different experiments efficiently without requiring expert annotations, making deep learning for nucleus segmentation fairly simple and labor free for most biological light microscopy experiments. It can also be used online, integrated into CellProfiler and freely downloaded at www.nucleaizer.org. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the Supplemental Information. Microscopy image analysis of single cells can be challenging but also eased and improved. We developed a deep learning method to segment cell nuclei. Our strategy is adapting to unexpected circumstances automatically by synthesizing artificial microscopy images in such a domain as training samples.
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6.
  • Ideguchi, Eiji, et al. (författare)
  • Superdeformation in 91Tc
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 492:3-4, s. 245-253
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A high-spin rotational band with 11 gamma -ray transitions has barn observed in Tc-91. The dynamical moment of inertia as well as the transition quadrupole moment of 8.1(-1.4)(+1.9) eb measured for this band show the characteristics of a superdeformed band. However, the shape is more elongated than in the neighbouring A = 80-90 superdeformed nuclei. Theoretical interpretations of the band within the cranked Strutinsky approach based on two different Woods-Saxon potential parameterisations are presented. Even though an unambiguous configuration assignment proved difficult, both calculations indicate a larger deformation and at least three additional high-N intruder orbitals occupied compared to the lighter SD nuclei. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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7.
  • Karlgren, Daniel, et al. (författare)
  • High-angular-momentum structures in Zn-64
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 69, s. 1-034330
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • High-angular-momentum states in Zn-64 were populated in the Ca-40(Si-28,4p) reaction at a beam energy of 122 MeV. Evaporated, light, charged particles were identified by the Microball, while gamma rays were detected using the Gammasphere array. The main focus of this paper is on two strongly coupled, collective bands. The yrast band, which was previously known, has been linked to lower-lying states establishing the excitation energies and angular momenta of in-band states for the first time. The newly identified excited band decays to the yrast band but firm angular-momentum assignments could not be made. In order to interpret these structures cranked-Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations have been performed. The calculations have been extended to account for the distribution of nucleons within a configuration. The yrast collective band is interpreted as based on the pi(f(7/2))(-1)(p(3/2)f(5/2))(2)(g(9/2))(1)nu(p(3/2)f(5/2))(4)(g(9/2))(2) configuration. There are several possible interpretations of the second band but it is difficult to distinguish between the different possibilities.
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8.
  • BERNSTEIN, LA, et al. (författare)
  • ONSET OF COLLECTIVITY IN NEUTRON-DEFICIENT PO-196,PO-198
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 52:2, s. 621-627
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have studied via in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy Po-196 and Po-198, which are the first neutron-deficient Po isotopes to exhibit a collective low-lying structure. The ratios of yrast state energies and the E2 branching ratios of transitions from non-yrast to yrast states are indicative of a low-lying vibrational structure. The onset of collective motion in these isotopes can be attributed to the opening of the neutron i(13/2) orbital at N approximate to 112 and the resulting large overlap between the two valence protons in the h(9/2) orbital and the valence neutrons in the i(13/2) orbital.
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9.
  • Fischer, S M, et al. (författare)
  • Alignment additivity in the two-quasiparticle superdeformed bands of Tl-192
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 53:5, s. 2126-2133
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Four superdeformed bands have been confirmed in Tl-192. Two of these bands have T-(2) dynamic moments of inertia which are nearly constant with rotational frequency HBAR omega. The other two bands show the characteristic rise of T-(2) with increasing HBAR omega seen in most superdeformed bands of the A = 190 region of superdeformation. From comparisons with the odd-A neighbors, it was found that the alignments of these bands relative to a Hg-192 core can be accounted for from the additive contributions of the assigned quasiproton and quasineutron orbitals.
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10.
  • Küpper, Frithjof C., et al. (författare)
  • Commemorating Two Centuries of Iodine Research : An Interdisciplinary Overview of Current Research
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 50:49, s. 11598-11620
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Iodine was discovered as a novel element in 1811 during the Napoleonic Wars. To celebrate the bicentennial anniversary of this event we reflect on the history and highlight the many facets of iodine research that have evolved since its discovery. Iodine has an impact on many aspects of life on Earth as well as on human civilization. It is accumulated in high concentrations by marine algae, which are the origin of strong iodine fluxes into the coastal atmosphere which influence climatic processes, and dissolved iodine is considered a biophilic element in marine sediments. Iodine is central to thyroid function in vertebrates, with paramount implications for human health. Iodine can exist in a wide range of oxidation states and it features a diverse supramolecular chemistry. Iodine is amenable to several analytical techniques, and iodine compounds have found widespread use in organic synthesis. Elemental iodine is produced on an industrial scale and has found a wide range of applications in innovative materials, including semiconductorsin particular, in solar cells.
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