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- Schumann, Åsa, 1963-
(författare)
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Vilken mening!? : En blandad metodstudie i religionspsykologi av meningsskapandets betydelse för skolungdomar
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to explore the role of religion in the development of a meaning system among Swedish adolescents by examining the interactions of their: sense of coherence (SOC), identity process (U-MICS), moral development (SRM-SF), and views on existential and religious questions.The study used a Mixed Methods Design, with a Sequential Explanatory Strategy consisting of quantitative and qualitative parts. In the quantitative part of the study, 90 students in 8th grade, 50 girls and 40 boys, participated. The qualitative part of the study consisted of 24 semi-structured interviews drawn from the original group.According to the results, there was a relation between SOC and the following variables in the identity process (U-MICS): commitment to school and reconsideration of commitment to friends, and commitment to school and perception of the importance of religion. The SOC value among girls was significantly lower than among boys. The results did not indicate a significant relationship between moral development, SOC values, and the religious variables.In the qualitative interview results, the participants in the commitment phase relating to school expressed more satisfaction with their school situations and relationships than those who were predominantly in the reconsideration of commitment phase. Those with a higher level of commitment to school were also more likely to express the view that religion was important in life. Interview material showed that those young people who expressed the belief that religion was important in life today or believed that religion constituted a potential future source of strength dominated the group with higher SOC. The results served to reinforce theoretical perspectives on the meaning-making function of religion. The study results suggest that safe and trustful relationships with peers and adults related closely to SOC values among these adolescents and were singled out as their most important sources of strength and support in life.
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| 2. |
- Cetrez, Önver, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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A Psychosocial, Spiritual, and Physical Health Study among Assyrian-Syrian Refugees in Istanbul : Cultivating Resilience in the Midst of Hardship
- 2017
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Ingår i: Middle East Journal of Refugee Studies. - Istanbul : Pelikan Basim. - 2149-4398 .- 2458-8962. ; 2:2, s. 227-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed at describing the general health situation among Assyrian-Syrian refugees (n = 171, 70.2% males, mean age 31.08) in Istanbul, during two separate time periods. Measures included The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), The Brief R-COPE, The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), The Primary Care Post Traumatic Disorder Scale (PC-PTSD), together with a number of additional health items. The results showed that among the 52.4% of those who were found to have experienced some kind of trauma, 23.4% met the criteria for PTSD. Ratings of one’s own physical health (p < .001), one’s own psychological health (p < .05), and PHQ were statistically significant with PTSD. Females rated their own physical health (p < .01) and own psychological health (p < .01) worse than men. A paired-samples t-Test showed a significant increase from Time 1 to Time 2 for Positive R-COPE (p < .08), a decrease for Negative R-COPE (p < .05), and an increase for the GSE (p < .05). A paired-samples t-Test showed a significant gender difference for the PHQ (p < .01) and GSE (p < .01). A mediation model, using a Sobel Test, showed that positive religious coping strategies reduced symptoms in male participants by improving their evaluations toward their own psychological well-being (p < .001).
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| 3. |
- Cetrez, Önver, Associate Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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A Public Mental Health Study Among Iraqi Refugees in Sweden : Social Determinants, Resilience, Gender, and Cultural Context
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-7775. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This public mental health study highlights the interactions among social determinants and resilience on mental health, PTSD and acculturation among Iraqi refugees in Sweden 2012-2013.Objectives: The study aims to understand participants' health, resilience and acculturation, paying specific attention to gender differences.Design: The study, using a convenience sampling survey design (N = 4010, 53.2% men), included measures on social determinants, general health, coping, CD-RISC, selected questions from the EMIC, PC-PTSD, and acculturation.Results: Gender differences and reported differences between life experiences in Iraq and Sweden were strong. In Sweden, religious activity was more widespread among women, whereas activity reflecting religion and spirituality as a coping mechanism decreased significantly among men. A sense of belonging both to a Swedish and an Iraqi ethnic identity was frequent. Positive self-evaluation in personal and social areas and goals in life was strong. The strongest perceived source of social support was from parents and siblings, while support from authorities generally was perceived as low. Self-rated health was high and the incidence of PTSD was low. A clear majority identified multiple social determinants contributing to mental health problems. Social or situational and emotional or developmental explanations were the most common. In general, resilience (as measured with CD-RISC) was low, with women's scores lower than that of men.Conclusions: Vulnerability manifested itself in unemployment after a long period in Sweden, weak social networks outside the family, unsupportive authorities, gender differences in acculturation, and women showing more mental health problems. Though low socially determined personal scores of resilience were found, we also identified a strong level of resilience, when using a culture-sensitive approach and appraising resilience as expressed in coping, meaning, and goals in life. Clinicians need to be aware of the risks of poorer mental health among refugees in general and women in particular, although mental health problems should not be presumed in the individual patient. Instead clinicians need to find ways of exploring the cultural and social worlds and needs of refugee patients. Authorities need to address the described post-migration problems and unmet needs of social support, together comprising the well-established area of the social determinants of health.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Cetrez, Önver, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Gilgamesh: Mental health, meaning-seeking, and adaptation in the acculturation process among Iraqi immigrants in Sweden
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: to determine the daily life use of religio-cultural resources; explore perceptions and explanations of mental illness related to religio-cultural resources; map the type and degree of trauma the refugees have experienced prior to immigration and the current level of depression and aPTSD; map the type and degree of problems and resources following the asylum period in Sweden. Method: The study has used a mixed method, multi-stage research design, incorporating qualitative and quantitative instruments, thus increasing the validity and generalizability of the results. Semi-structured interviews, including biographical network maps, as well as questionnaires to explore the health situation of research persons has been used, in two cities in Sweden (n=23). The instruments used are the 3-R (Relation, Religion, Ritual, with a network map); Acculturation; Care Consumption; Trauma; Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, (CES-D – focusing on psychological distress); Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ – focusing on somatic symptoms); Connor-Davidsson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC); MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). Additional semi-structured interviews with integration and policy planners, active within the sphere of health care, welfare, and labour market, as well as cultural brokers (social and religious associations, key persons) have also been conducted. Theory: The theoretical framework in this study is situated in the relation between religion, existential worldview and refugee mental health. The survival and adaptational model by Silove (2005) provides a conceptual framework for understanding the existential meaning-system in mental health initiatives among refugees in post-conflict societies. Attention to ethnicity, gender and immigration status variables is made for understanding the effect of religious practices on mental health in the new cultural context. Preliminary results: The results from this study show that while cultural identification with ethnic origin is very strong, the cultural identification with Swedish culture is weak, mainly due to language barriers and limited contact with Swedish people. Prior to migration religion has been a functional system of meaning for most of the participants, while today in a post migration context work, family situation and future concerns are more important for a functional system of meaning. Concerns for work, together with the situation of friends and relatives in Iraq or scattered all around the world is a strong risk for psychological distress. This is more so for women than for men, as for the former the traditional systems of meaning are less functional in Sweden. This is reflected in the high scores of somatic symptoms among the participants.
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| 7. |
- Cetrez, Önver, Associate Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration Policies, Practices and Experiences – Sweden Country Report
- 2020
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report explores the Swedish integration policies and practices as well as their implementation as experienced by newcomers. Integration refers to the permanent settlement period that sets in after the acquisition of a permanent residence permit, or when one starts mentally adapting to the host society. Through a multilevel governance approach, it highlights how legal, political, and institutional integration frameworks in Sweden affect integration outcomes. The latter refers specifically to the way newcomers establish themselves in the new society and negotiate their new social positions.The report compiles data from different sources (academic literature, research reports, official texts, policies and other relevant texts, interviews conducted both at micro and meso level) in order to provide comprehensive insights into regulations, policies, practices and experiences of integration in Sweden. Thus, the report aims to paint an integrated picture of how different components interact and affect migrant populations. The results are also relevant for future research that will specifically include host populations. The report specifically highlights the effects of a post-migration context on mental health and psychosocial integration, while emphasizing that all areas of daily functioning, namely housing, access to education and the labour market, as well as access to citizenship and a general feeling of belonging, are interconnected and combine in a comprehensive view.
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| 8. |
- Cetrez, Önver, 1970-
(författare)
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Meaning-Making Variations in Acculturation and Ritualization : A multi-generational study of Suroyo migrants in Sweden
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation focuses on how acculturation affects meaning-making among three generations of Suroye in the city of Södertälje, Sweden. Special focus is on youth. An inter-disciplinary and a mixed-model approach is used, with the purpose to contribute to research knowledge on meta, theoretical, methodological, and empirical levels. There are two different patterns of meaning-making along generation and gender, one with a stronger emphasis on rituals and symbols of religion and kinship, and the other with a stronger emphasis on issues of identification. Religious practices decrease among the adults and youth, while kinship affiliation is very strong among all three generations. Swedish affiliation, though from a low level, increases among the adults and youth. Religious rituals and symbols play a central role in Suroyo culture with a meaning-making function. However, in early youth the participation in religious rituals decreases, mainly due to other interests and to the political schism among the Suroye. Instead they search for an individual form of religiosity. The issue of identification is among the youth a disputed process, linked to issues of power, through domination, injustice, and discrimination. They use several designations to identify themselves; i.e., Aramean, Assyrian, Suroyo, Syrian, and Swedish, either separately or combined. Within the process of acculturation, the youth strategically use different identification patterns with the purpose to differentiate themselves from others and to negotiate their identity.
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| 10. |
- Cetrez, Önver, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av Örebro preventionsprogram : Fas 1: ett assyriskt/syrianskt kulturellt perspektiv i Södertälje
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report deals with the implementation of Örebro prevention program among the Assyrians in Södertälje. The program focuses on the use and abuse of alcohol and targets the interventions of parents. The purpose of the first part of the evaluation of this program has been to gain a general understanding of how the program has functioned within a minority context and based on this information to contribute with possible changes in the program for implementation among other minority populations. For this study a qualitative method with focus group interviews has been used. Data from four different groups has been collected: key persons, parents, youth, and pupils. The main conclusions that can be drawn from this study is that Örebro prevention program is useful within cultural minority groups, presupposing that the proposed changes within the program are implemented. The changes being recommended are: change/increase of content and implementation of practical applications. See the whole report at: http://www.ab.lst.se/upload/dokument/publikationer/S/rapporter/2008/OPP_tryck12%20maj_webb.pdf
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