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| 2. |
- Betti, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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A design for an electromagnetic filter for precision energy measurements at the tritium endpoint
- 2019
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Ingår i: Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0146-6410 .- 1873-2224. ; 106, s. 120-131
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a detailed description of the electromagnetic filter for the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Starting with an initial estimate for the orbital magnetic moment, the higher-order drift process of E x B is configured to balance the gradient-B drift motion of the electron in such a way as to guide the trajectory into the standing voltage potential along the mid-plane of the filter. As a function of drift distance along the length of the filter, the filter zooms in with exponentially increasing precision on the transverse velocity component of the electron kinetic energy. This yields a linear dimension for the total filter length that is exceptionally compact compared to previous techniques for electromagnetic filtering. The parallel velocity component of the electron kinetic energy oscillates in an electrostatic harmonic trap as the electron drifts along the length of the filter. An analysis of the phase-space volume conservation validates the expected behavior of the filter from the adiabatic invariance of the orbital magnetic moment and energy conservation following Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems.
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| 3. |
- Pasupathy, A. N., et al.
(författare)
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Vibration-assisted electron tunneling in C140 transistors
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nano letters (Print). - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 5:2, s. 203-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measure electron tunneling in transistors made from C140, a molecule with a mass-spring-mass geometry chosen as a model system to study electron-vibration coupling. We observe vibration-assisted tunneling at an energy corresponding to the stretching mode of C140. Molecular modeling provides explanations for why this mode couples more strongly to electron tunneling than to the other internal modes of the molecule. We make comparisons between the observed tunneling rates and those expected from the Franck-Condon model.
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| 4. |
- Sarkar, Omprakash, et al.
(författare)
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Waste-Derived Biohydrogen Enriched CNG/Biohythane: Research Trend and Utilities
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Biofuels: Technologies, Policies, and Opportunities. - Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis. - 9781032054827 - 9781003197737 ; , s. 333-353
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Global transportation demand has grown significantly because of rising urbanization and industrialization, together with a concentration of automobiles. The transportation industry's reliance on fossil fuels has increased concerns about sustainability and the environment. On the other side, climate change, global warming, and rising fuel prices have compelled us to seek alternative fuel production technologies in a sustainable manner. The development of renewable and low-carbon energy sources has gained momentum in response to growing petroleum shortages and the effects of greenhouse gas emissions on the planet. Hydrogen (H2)-blended methane (CH4)/compressed natural gas (CNG), which mimics hythane is emerging as an energy carrier for combustion engines due to its cost efficiency and energy reductions. Compared to methane, hythane can lower the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) up to 30% and 50% respectively. With economic and environmental benefits, hythane is expected to take a long journey, since the blend is in direct use with the existing vehicle engines and has been commercialized as vehicle fuel. Currently CNG is being enriched with H2 (H-CNG) to enhance combustion efficiency. Biogenic waste transformation to H-CNG as fuel has proven to be an emerging solution to enable this goal. Acidogenic fermentation coupled with anaerobic digestion can be a potential technology for the production of hydrogen and methane towards bioH2-CNG/biohythane production from biogenic waste/wastewater as feedstock. This chapter aims to provide an updated overview of the recent advances in biohythane/bioH2-CNG production and usage as fuel.
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