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- Chen, Fengxiang, et al.
(författare)
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Robust control of chaos in the Lorenz system with the variable structure control approach
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physica scripta. T. - : IOP Publishing. - 0281-1847 .- 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; 77:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is concerned with the robust control for a class of the uncertain Lorenz system subject to sector nonlinear input. Based on rigorous mathematical analysis, the proposed variable structure controller can drive the system state exactly to a class of a specific point or in the predictable neighborhood of an arbitrary desired point in the state space even with mismatch uncertainties. Moreover, the controller ensures that one of the error components can approach zero as time approaches infinity. Finally, numerical simulation results show the effectiveness of our work.
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- Gerkin, RC, et al.
(författare)
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The best COVID-19 predictor is recent smell loss: a cross-sectional study
- 2020
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Ingår i: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundCOVID-19 has heterogeneous manifestations, though one of the most common symptoms is a sudden loss of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). We investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19.MethodsThis preregistered, cross-sectional study used a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified singular and cumulative predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery.ResultsBoth C19+ and C19-groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both single and cumulative feature models (ROC AUC=0.72), with additional features providing negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms, such as fever or cough. Olfactory recovery within 40 days was reported for ∼50% of participants and was best predicted by time since illness onset.ConclusionsAs smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19, we developed the ODoR-19 tool, a 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss. Numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4<OR<10), which can be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
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- Jean, J. -S, et al.
(författare)
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The Taiwan crisis : A showcase of the global arsenic problem
- 2010
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the 1950s, the residents of the southwestern coastal areas of Taiwan suffered greatly from Blackfoot disease (BFD) due to the consumption of arsenic-contaminated groundwater. Groundwater with high levels of arsenic in southwestern and northeastern Taiwan received much attention. After arsenic-safe tap water was utilized for drinking instead of groundwater in the 1970s, BFD cases decreased greatly. After 1990, no new BFD cases were reported, and as a consequence, BFD problems disregarded. However, arsenic is still present in the groundwater.This book will improve the knowledge and understanding of the occurrence and genesis of arsenic-rich groundwaters in Taiwan. It deals with constraints on the mobility of arsenic in groundwater, its uptake from soil and water by plants, arsenic-propagation through the food chain, human health impacts, and arsenic-removal technologies. Taiwan case experiences are described in this book and can be applied worldwide. This book is a state-of-the-art overview of research on arsenic in Taiwan and is designed to: • create interest in regions within Taiwan that are affected by the presence of arseniferous aquifers; • draw attention from the international scientific community; • increase awareness among researchers, administrators, policy makers, and company executives; • improve the international cooperation on arsenic problems worldwide.
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