| 1. |
- Kirchhoff, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Breast cancer risk and 6q22.33 : combined results from Breast Cancer Association Consortium and Consortium of Investigators on Modifiers of BRCA1/2
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library of science. - 1932-6203. ; 7:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, a locus on chromosome 6q22.33 (rs2180341) was reported to be associated with increased breast cancer risk in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population, and this association was also observed in populations of non-AJ European ancestry. In the present study, we performed a large replication analysis of rs2180341 using data from 31,428 invasive breast cancer cases and 34,700 controls collected from 25 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). In addition, we evaluated whether rs2180341 modifies breast cancer risk in 3,361 BRCA1 and 2,020 BRCA2 carriers from 11 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Based on the BCAC data from women of European ancestry, we found evidence for a weak association with breast cancer risk for rs2180341 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06, p = 0.023). There was evidence for heterogeneity in the ORs among studies (I(2) = 49.3%; p = <0.004). In CIMBA, we observed an inverse association with the minor allele of rs2180341 and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele OR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.80-1.00, p = 0.048), indicating a potential protective effect of this allele. These data suggest that that 6q22.33 confers a weak effect on breast cancer risk.
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| 2. |
- Ding, Yuan C, et al.
(författare)
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A nonsynonymous polymorphism in IRS1 modifies risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and ovarian cancer in BRCA2 mutation carriers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 21:8, s. 1362-1370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We previously reported significant associations between genetic variants in insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and breast cancer risk in women carrying BRCA1 mutations. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether the IRS1 variants modified ovarian cancer risk and were associated with breast cancer risk in a larger cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.METHODS: IRS1 rs1801123, rs1330645, and rs1801278 were genotyped in samples from 36 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Data were analyzed by a retrospective cohort approach modeling the associations with breast and ovarian cancer risks simultaneously. Analyses were stratified by BRCA1 and BRCA2 status and mutation class in BRCA1 carriers.RESULTS: Rs1801278 (Gly972Arg) was associated with ovarian cancer risk for both BRCA1 (HR, 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.92; P = 0.019) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.39-3.52, P = 0.0008). For BRCA1 mutation carriers, the breast cancer risk was higher in carriers with class II mutations than class I mutations (class II HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.28-2.70; class I HR, 0.86; 95%CI, 0.69-1.09; P(difference), 0.0006). Rs13306465 was associated with ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 class II mutation carriers (HR, 2.42; P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: The IRS1 Gly972Arg single-nucleotide polymorphism, which affects insulin-like growth factor and insulin signaling, modifies ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 class II mutation carriers.Impact: These findings may prove useful for risk prediction for breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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| 3. |
- Martrat, Griselda, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the link between MORF4L1 and risk of breast cancer
- 2011
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Proteins encoded by Fanconi anemia (FA) and/or breast cancer (BrCa) susceptibility genes cooperate in a common DNA damage repair signaling pathway. To gain deeper insight into this pathway and its influence on cancer risk, we searched for novel components through protein physical interaction screens. Methods: Protein physical interactions were screened using the yeast two-hybrid system. Co-affinity purifications and endogenous co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to corroborate interactions. Biochemical and functional assays in human, mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans models were carried out to characterize pathway components. Thirteen FANCD2-monoubiquitinylation-positive FA cell lines excluded for genetic defects in the downstream pathway components and 300 familial BrCa patients negative for BRCA1/2 mutations were analyzed for genetic mutations. Common genetic variants were genotyped in 9,573 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers for associations with BrCa risk. Results: A previously identified co-purifying protein with PALB2 was identified, MRG15 (MORF4L1 gene). Results in human, mouse and C. elegans models delineate molecular and functional relationships with BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51 and RPA1 that suggest a role for MRG15 in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Mrg15-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts showed moderate sensitivity to g-irradiation relative to controls and reduced formation of Rad51 nuclear foci. Examination of mutants of MRG15 and BRCA2 C. elegans orthologs revealed phenocopy by accumulation of RPA-1 (human RPA1) nuclear foci and aberrant chromosomal compactions in meiotic cells. However, no alterations or mutations were identified for MRG15/MORF4L1 in unclassified FA patients and BrCa familial cases. Finally, no significant associations between common MORF4L1 variants and BrCa risk for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers were identified: rs7164529, P-trend = 0.45 and 0.05, P-2df = 0.51 and 0.14, respectively; and rs10519219, P-trend = 0.92 and 0.72, P-2df = 0.76 and 0.07, respectively. Conclusions: While the present study expands on the role of MRG15 in the control of genomic stability, weak associations cannot be ruled out for potential low-penetrance variants at MORF4L1 and BrCa risk among BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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| 4. |
- Sun, Zhengyi, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Buffer-enhanced electron injection in organic light-emitting devices with copper cathode
- 2013
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Ingår i: Organic electronics. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1566-1199 .- 1878-5530. ; 14:2, s. 511-515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We explore in this work the use of Cu as a cathode material in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) and find a dual electron–injection enhancement mechanism derived from the LiF layer. Different from what observed previously in Ag- and Au-cathode devices, the LiF buffer layer in the Cu-cathode OLEDs starts to play its role in performance improvement when it is much thinner than 3 nm, the optimal value of buffer thickness, and in the case of optimal thickness, the device exhibits excellent performance comparable to conventional Al-cathode device. The phenomenon observed is ascribed to enhanced electron injection as a result of combined effect of interfacial reaction and tunneling barrier reduction mechanism: while chemical reaction plays a key role at the very beginning of interface formation, tunneling dominates in the subsequent stage leading to the tremendous improvement of the characteristics.
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| 5. |
- Zhou, Wencai, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Grain Boundaries on Ion Migration and Charge Recombination in Halide Perovskites
- 2024
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Ingår i: Small. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Grain boundaries (GBs) have a significant role in polycrystalline perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, there is ongoing debate regarding the impact of GBs on the performance and long-term stability of PSCs. Employing the first-principles molecular dynamics for perovskites, the iodine vacancy defect migrations both in bulk and at GBs are investigated. i) The positive iodine vacancy (VI+) is found that have both lower formation energy (1.4 eV) and activation energy (0.18 eV) than those of neutral iodine vacancy (VI), statistically. It indicated the VI+ acts as the dominant migrated iodine vacancy rather than VI; ii) the iodine vacancy at GBs has approximate to 0.48 eV higher activation energy than those in bulk, which leads to the accumulation of iodine vacancy at GBs; iii) the presence of VI+ result in a 3-fold increase in charge recombination ratio at GBs, compared to pristine PSCs. Based on quantum molecular dynamics statistical results, which are consistent with experimental measurements, insights into iodine vacancy migration both at GBs and in the bulk are gained. This understanding can be valuable for defects engineering related to ion migration, in order to improve the long-term stability and promote the performance of PSCs. Understanding defects engineering related to ion migration is crucial for enhancing the long-term stability and performance of hybrid perovskite solar cells. Iodine vacancies accumulate at grain boundaries due to lower formation energy and higher migration potential barrier compared to those in the bulk, which further increase the nonradiative recombination. image
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| 6. |
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社会企业家 : 影响经济、社会与文化的新力量
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- 其一，本书提供一个全新的理论视角，在系统梳理和反思社会创业的理论和实践基础上，从社会—经济—文化三维视角审视了社会创业，建立了基于三维学科知识体系的价值观，该探索性的研究丰富了社会创业研究的理论元。三维视角建构的社会创业价值方法，推崇社会企业应当兼顾商业、人文和社会价值，并具体运用于评价不同类型社会创业的内在价值和外在价值，社会企业和社会创业要规划一个完整的价值创造战略，推动和驱使企业创造社会和人文效益，并由此形成良性互动，创造更好的经济价值。其二，本书汇集了来自9个国家的23位具有不同背景的研究人员的最新研究成果。书中的论文结合商业、社会和人类发展需要，从不同背景出发探讨经济、政治、文化等议题，涉及不同国家和区域的情况。对于社会创业，探讨范围包括人口稀少的地区或城区、社会创业教育、旨在卫生保健事业的社会创业、社会创业融资、社会创业如何建立和完善共享价值观等，所有这些都是从社会属性和社会结构层面寻找社会创业的理念，从这个意义上而言，这是一本拓展社会创业研究领域的著作。其三，社会创业的实践推动着理论的发展。社会创业在全球实践的兴盛可追溯到穆罕默德·尤努斯于1976年创立的格莱珉银行，通过他们非凡而卓有成效的努力，促进了社会最贫困阶层的经济和社会发展，2006年穆罕默德·尤努斯和孟加拉乡村银行被授予诺贝尔和平奖。在理论领域，社会创业的学术论文和专著从2000年后呈几何级数增长，主要集中在六个研究主题： 社会创业的变革性影响(Eikenberry & Kluver, 2004; Fowler, 2000)，社会创新架构(Austin et al． , 2006)，社会创业（社会性创业）的界定及定义 (Mair & Marti, 2006; Peredo & McLean, 2006; Thompson, 2002; Weerawardena & Mort, 2006; Dees, 2006; Alex Nicholls, 2006), 社会创业和缓解贫困(Fowler, 2000; Seelos & Mair, 2005), 社会企业家的动力和价值观 (Hemingway & Maclagan, 2004; Alex Nicholls, 2006, 2015; Anders Lundstrom, 2010), 以及社会创业组织的启动类型和启动模式(De Leeuw, 1999)。这些研究的时间相对较早，目前国内学者从不同研究主题各有介绍。作为系统梳理社会创业理论和案例的主要著作者，安德斯·伦德斯特罗姆教授在理论和实践领域均具有国际性影响力和声誉。伦德斯特罗姆教授1994年就成立了小企业研究瑞典基金会和国际研究网络经济增长创新研究(IPREG)； 1996 年他设立了企业创业研究国际奖，这是一个为全世界的学者设立的独特奖项； 作为国际小企业署(ICSB)的前任主席，先后组织了三次以企业创业、小企业以及企业创新为主题的世界性会议。本书是安德斯·伦德斯特罗姆教授在社会创业领域的最新著作，也是这个领域比较具有代表性的著作。
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