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- Chen, Xi, et al.
(författare)
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Photothermally tunable silicon microring-resonator-based optical add-drop filter
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A themro-optic (TO) silicon photonic add-drop filterwith small switching power and fast response is experimentallydemonstrated. We propose that metal-insulator-metal (MIM)absorbers can be integrated into the silicon TO devices, acting asan efficient and localized heat source. The MIM absorber designintroduces less thermal capacity to the device, comparing to theelectrically driven heater used in conventional TO devices. As a keyelement in silicon photonics, microring resonators have applicationin wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) devices, owning to theirunique spectrum properties. In this work, a silicon microring add-dropfilter is equipped with a MIM absorber. Experimentally, the deviceshows a measured optical response time of 5.0 μs and pumping powerderivative of the wavelength shift of 60 pm/mW.
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- Klaric, Lucija, et al.
(författare)
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Mendelian randomisation identifies alternative splicing of the FAS death receptor as a mediator of severe COVID-19.
- 2021
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Ingår i: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. ; , s. 1-28
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Severe COVID-19 is characterised by immunopathology and epithelial injury. Proteomic studies have identified circulating proteins that are biomarkers of severe COVID-19, but cannot distinguish correlation from causation. To address this, we performed Mendelian randomisation (MR) to identify proteins that mediate severe COVID-19. Using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data from the SCALLOP consortium, involving meta-analysis of up to 26,494 individuals, and COVID-19 genome-wide association data from the Host Genetics Initiative, we performed MR for 157 COVID-19 severity protein biomarkers. We identified significant MR results for five proteins: FAS, TNFRSF10A, CCL2, EPHB4 and LGALS9. Further evaluation of these candidates using sensitivity analyses and colocalization testing provided strong evidence to implicate the apoptosis-associated cytokine receptor FAS as a causal mediator of severe COVID-19. This effect was specific to severe disease. Using RNA-seq data from 4,778 individuals, we demonstrate that the pQTL at the FAS locus results from genetically influenced alternate splicing causing skipping of exon 6. We show that the risk allele for very severe COVID-19 increases the proportion of transcripts lacking exon 6, and thereby increases soluble FAS. Soluble FAS acts as a decoy receptor for FAS-ligand, inhibiting apoptosis induced through membrane-bound FAS. In summary, we demonstrate a novel genetic mechanism that contributes to risk of severe of COVID-19, highlighting a pathway that may be a promising therapeutic target.
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- Poveda, Alaitz, et al.
(författare)
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Environment-wide association study (EWAS) on cardiometabolic traits: A systematic assessment of the association of lifestyle variables on a longitudinal setting
- 2021
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present study aims to assess the over-time association of ∼300 lifestyle exposures with nine cardiometabolic traits with the ultimate aim of identifying exposures/exposure groups that could inform lifestyle interventions aiming at controlling cardiometabolic diseases. The analyses were undertaken in a longitudinal sample comprising >31000 adults living in northern Sweden. Linear mixed models were used to assess the average associations of lifestyle exposures and linear regression models were used to test association with 10-year change of the cardiometabolic traits. ‘Physical activity’ and ‘General Health’ were the exposure categories containing the highest number of ‘tentative signals’ in analyses assessing the average association of lifestyle variables, while ‘Tobacco use’ was the top-category for the 10-year change association analyses. Thirteen modifiable variables showed a consistent average association among the majority of cardiometabolic traits. These variables belonged to four main groups: i) Smoking, ii) Diet (secoisolariciresinol intake and brewed coffee), iii) Leisure time physical activity and iv) a group of variables more specific to the Swedish lifestyle (snuff status, hunting/fishing during leisure time and boiled coffee). Interestingly, sweet drinks, fish intake and salt content, all lifestyle exposures frequently mentioned in public health recommendations were not broadly associated with the analysed cardiometabolic traits.
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