| 1. |
- Creevey, O. L., et al.
(författare)
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Fundamental properties of the Population II fiducial stars HD 122563 and Gmb 1830 from CHARA interferometric observations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 545, s. A17-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have determined the angular diameters of two metal-poor stars, HD 122563 and Gmb 1830, using CHARA and Palomar Testbed Interferometer observations. For the giant star HD 122563, we derive an angular diameter theta(3D) = 0.940 +/- 0.011 milliarcseconds (mas) using limb-darkening from 3D convection simulations and for the dwarf star Gmb 1830 (HD 103095) we obtain a 1D limb-darkened angular diameter theta(1D) = 0.679 +/- 0.007 mas. Coupling the angular diameters with photometry yields effective temperatures with precisions better than 55 K (T-eff = 4598 +/- 41 K and 4818 +/- 54 K - for the giant and the dwarf star, respectively). Including their distances results in very well-determined luminosities and radii (L = 230 +/- 7 L-circle dot, R = 24.1 +/- 1.1 R-circle dot and L = 0.213 +/- 0.002 L-circle dot, R = 0.665 +/- 0.014 R-circle dot, respectively). We used the CESAM2k stellar structure and evolution code in order to produce models that fit the observational data. We found values of the mixing-length parameter alpha (which describes 1D convection) that depend on the mass of the star. The masses were determined from the models with precisions of < 3% and with the well-measured radii excellent constraints on the surface gravity are obtained (log g = 1.60 +/- 0.04, 4.59 +/- 0.02 dex, respectively). The very small errors on both log g and T-eff provide stringent constraints for spectroscopic analyses given the sensitivity of abundances to both of these values. The precise determination of T-eff for the two stars brings into question the photometric scales for metal-poor stars.
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| 2. |
- Marino, A. F., et al.
(författare)
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Iron and s-elements abundance variations in NGC 5286 : comparison with 'anomalous' globular clusters and Milky Way satellites
- 2015
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 450:1, s. 815-845
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of 62 red giants in the Milky Way globular cluster (GC) NGC 5286. We have determined abundances of representative light proton-capture, a, Fe-peak and neutron-capture element groups, and combined them with photometry of multiple sequences observed along the colour-magnitude diagram. Our principal results are: (i) a broad, bimodal distribution in s-process element abundance ratios, with two main groups, the s-poor and s-rich groups; (ii) substantial star-to-star Fe variations, with the s-rich stars having higher Fe, e.g. <[Fe/H]>(s-rich) - <[Fe/H]>(s-poor) similar to 0.2 dex; and (iii) the presence of O-Na-Al (anti) correlations in both stellar groups. We have defined a new photometric index, c(BVI) = (B - V) -(V - I), to maximize the separation in the colour-magnitude diagram between the two stellar groups with different Fe and s-element content, and this index is not significantly affected by variations in light elements (such as the O-Na anticorrelation). The variations in the overall metallicity present in NGC 5286 add this object to the class of anomalous GCs. Furthermore, the chemical abundance pattern of NGC 5286 resembles that observed in some of the anomalous GCs, e.g. M 22, NGC 1851, M 2, and the more extreme omega Centauri, that also show internal variations in s-elements, and in light elements within stars with different Fe and s-elements content. In view of the common variations in s-elements, we propose the term s-Fe-anomalous GCs to describe this sub-class of objects. The similarities in chemical abundance ratios between these objects strongly suggest similar formation and evolution histories, possibly associated with an origin in tidally disrupted dwarf satellites.
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| 3. |
- Gruyters, Pieter, et al.
(författare)
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Atomic diffusion and mixing in old stars IV. Weak abundance trends in the globular cluster NGC6752
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 555, s. A31-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. Atomic diffusion in stars can create systematic trends of surface abundances with evolutionary stage. Globular clusters off er useful laboratories to put observational constraints on this theory as one needs to compare abundances in unevolved and evolved stars, all drawn from the same stellar population. Aims. Atomic diffusion and additional mixing has been shown to be at work in the globular cluster NGC6397 at a metallicity of [Fe/H] similar to -2.1. We investigate possible abundance trends in Li, Mg, Ca, Ti, Sc, and Fe with evolutionary stage in another globular cluster NGC6752 at a metallicity of [Fe/H] similar to -1.6. This in order to better constrain stellar structure models including atomic diffusion and additional mixing. Methods. We performed a differential abundance analysis on VLT/FLAMES-UVES data of 16 stars in four groups between the turnoff point and the red giant branch. Continuum normalisation of the stellar spectra was performed in an automated way using DAOSPEC. Differential abundances relative to the sun were derived by fitting synthetic spectra to individual lines in the stellar spectrum. Results. We find weak systematic abundance trends with evolutionary phase for Fe, Sc, Ti, and Ca. The individual trends are weaker than the trends in NGC6397 and only significant at the 1-sigma level. However, the combined trend shows a significance on the 2-sigma level. The trends are best explained by stellar-structure models including atomic diffusion with more efficient additional mixing than needed in NGC6397. The model allows to correct for sub-primordial stellar lithium abundances of the stars on the Spite plateau. Conclusions. Abundance trends for groups of elements, differently affected by atomic diffusion and additional mixing, are identified. Although the significance of the trends is weak, they all seem to indicate that atomic diffusion is operational along the evolutionary sequence of NGC6752. The trends are weaker than those observed in NGC6397, which is perhaps due to more efficient mixing. Using models of atomic diffusion including efficient additional mixing, we find a diffusion-corrected primordial lithium abundance of log epsilon(Li) = 2.58 +/- 0.10, in agreement with WMAP-calibrated Big-Bang nucleosynthesis predictions within the mutual 1-sigma uncertainties.
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