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- Collins, Peter J., et al.
(författare)
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The Bi-directional Relationship Between Source Characteristics and Message Content
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much of what we believe we know, we know through the testimony of others (Coady, 1992). While there has been long-standing evidence that people are sensitive to the characteristics of the sources of testimony, for example in the context of persuasion, researchers have only recently begun to explore the wider implications of source reliability considerations for the nature of our beliefs. Likewise, much remains to be established concerning what factors influence source reliability. In this paper, we examine, both theoretically and empirically, the implications of using message content as a cue to source reliability. We present a set of experiments examining the relationship between source information and message content in people's responses to simple communications. The results show that people spontaneously revise their beliefs in the reliability of the source on the basis of the expectedness of a source's claim and, conversely, adjust message impact by perceived reliability; hence source reliability and message content have a bi-directional relationship. The implications are discussed for a variety of psychological, philosophical and political issues such as belief polarization and dual-route models of persuasion.
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- Coutu, Ashley N., et al.
(författare)
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Mapping the Elephants of the 19th Century East African Ivory Trade with a Multi-Isotope Approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- East African elephants have been hunted for their ivory for millennia but the nineteenth century witnessed strongly escalating demand from Europe and North America. It has been suggested that one consequence was that by the 1880s elephant herds along the coast had become scarce, and to meet demand, trade caravans trekked farther into interior regions of East Africa, extending the extraction frontier. The steady decimation of elephant populations coupled with the extension of trade networks have also been claimed to have triggered significant ecological and socio-economic changes that left lasting legacies across the region. To explore the feasibility of using an isotopic approach to uncover a 'moving frontier' of elephant extraction, we constructed a baseline isotope data set (delta C-13, delta N-15, delta O-18 and Sr-87/Sr-86) for historic East African elephants known to have come from three distinct regions (coastal, Rift Valley, and inland Lakes). Using the isotope results with other climate data and geographical mapping tools, it was possible to characterise elephants from different habitats across the region. This baseline data set was then used to provenance elephant ivory of unknown geographical provenance that was exported from East Africa during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to determine its likely origin. This produced a better understanding of historic elephant geography in the region, and the data have the potential to be used to provenance older archaeological ivories, and to inform contemporary elephant conservation strategies.
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- Zetterholm, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Antioch (Syrian)
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Eerdmans Dictionary of Early Judaism. - 9780802825490 ; , s. 336-338
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Zetterholm, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Damascus
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Eerdmans Dictionary of Early Judaism. - 9780802825490 ; , s. 509-510
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Zetterholm, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Syria
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Eerdmans Dictionary of Early Judaism. - 9780802825490 ; , s. 1271-1273
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Stavrakakis, Ioannis, et al.
(författare)
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The teaching of computer ethics on computer science and related degree programmes. a European survey
- 2021
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ETHICS EDUCATION. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2364-0006 .- 2363-9997. ; In Press
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the Computer Science community, many ethical issues have emerged as significant and critical concerns. Computer ethics is an academic field in its own right and there are unique ethical issues associated with information technology. It encompasses a range of issues and concerns including privacy and agency around personal information, Artificial Intelligence and pervasive technology, the Internet of Things and surveillance applications. As computing technology impacts society at an ever growing pace, there are growing calls for more computer ethics content to be included in Computer Science curricula. In this paper we present the results of a survey that polled faculty from Computer Science and related disciplines about teaching practices for computer ethics at their institutions. The survey was completed by respondents from 61 universities across 23 European countries. Participants were surveyed on whether or not computer ethics is taught to Computer Science students at each institution, the reasons why computer ethics is or is not taught, how computer ethics is taught, the background of staff who teach computer ethics and the scope of computer ethics curricula. This paper presents and discusses the results of the survey.
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| 9. |
- Solazzo, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling deamidation in sheep α-keratin peptides and application to archaeological wool textiles
- 2014
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 86:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deamidation of glutamine (Q) and asparagine (N) has been recognized as a marker of degradation and aging in ancient proteins. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to study deamidation in wool textiles, we identified eight peptides from α-keratin proteins in sheep wool that could potentially be used to assess the level of degradation. For each chosen peptide, the extent of deamidation was determined by comparing the calculated theoretical distribution with the measured distribution using a genetic algorithm that gives the best fit to the measured distribution. Variations in the levels of deamidation were observed between peptides and in modern wool samples buried for up to 8 years in which deamidation levels were relatively low under short-term burial. In contrast, deamidation was higher in archeological textile fragments from medieval sites ranging from the 9th to 13th century in York (United Kingdom) and Newcastle (United Kingdom) and from the 13th to 16th century in Reykholt (Iceland). Major differences were observed between the British and the Icelandic samples, showing a negative correlation between age of samples and levels of deamidation, but highlighting the effect of local environment. In addition, nanoscale liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC–ESI-MS/MS) data indicated that deamidation in wool’s α-keratin was influenced by primary and higher-order structures. Predominance of deamidation on glutamine rather than asparagine in the archeological samples was attributed to a higher abundance of Q in the α-helical core domain of keratins, neighboring residues and steric hindrance preventing deamidation of N.
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| 10. |
- Solazzo, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Proteomic evaluation of the biodegradation of wool fabrics in experimental burials
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-8305. ; 80, s. 48-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Woollen textiles recovered from archaeological excavations are usually fragile, discoloured, mineralised, or highly biodeteriorated fragmentary remains. The nature and extent of preservation is highly dependent on the site of burial and factors such as soil composition, pH, temperature, oxygen content, and contact with a wood coffin or metals. Understanding the particular biodegradation in archaeological sites is important for biomolecular studies of textiles, and to assist in the conservation of these finds. Wool fabrics dyed and buried for up to 8 yr in bog-type soils in Denmark (Lejre) and Norway (Rørmyra), and in marine sediments in Sweden (Marstrand) were evaluated by proteomics analysis. Wool degradation was found to occur through a range of differing mechanisms, mainly due to the complex nature of wool itself with its many families of proteins (keratin and keratin-associated proteins) and structures. Microbial activity was a large contributory factor to the physical deterioration of the wool fabrics at Lejre and Marstrand, and might result in faster loss of keratin-associated proteins over keratins. Additional hydrolysis took place at Marstrand, influenced by the environmental conditions of the sediment, and in particular the alkaline pH, contributing to the degradation of keratins. However, cross-linking was associated with the long-term preservation of the fabrics at Rørmyra, where pH, temperature, and vegetative composition of the bog prevented microbial activity, and sphagnum moss might preserve wool by binding with keratins.
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