| 1. |
- Bergström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Origins and genetic legacy of prehistoric dogs
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 370:6516, s. 557-563
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dogs were the first domestic animal, but little is known about their population history and to what extent it was linked to humans. We sequenced 27 ancient dog genomes and found that all dogs share a common ancestry distinct from present-day wolves, with limited gene flow from wolves since domestication but substantial dog-to-wolf gene flow. By 11,000 years ago, at least five major ancestry lineages had diversified, demonstrating a deep genetic history of dogs during the Paleolithic. Coanalysis with human genomes reveals aspects of dog population history that mirror humans, including Levant-related ancestry in Africa and early agricultural Europe. Other aspects differ, including the impacts of steppe pastoralist expansions in West and East Eurasia and a near-complete turnover of Neolithic European dog ancestry.
|
|
| 2. |
- Kılınç, Gülşah Merve, et al.
(författare)
-
Human population dynamics and Yersinia pestis in ancient northeast Asia
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 7:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present genome-wide data from 40 individuals dating to c.16,900 to 550 years ago in northeast Asia. We describe hitherto unknown gene flow and admixture events in the region, revealing a complex population history. While populations east of Lake Baikal remained relatively stable from the Mesolithic to the Bronze Age, those from Yakutia and west of Lake Baikal witnessed major population transformations, from the Late Upper Paleolithic to the Neolithic, and during the Bronze Age, respectively. We further locate the Asian ancestors of Paleo-Inuits, using direct genetic evidence. Last, we report the most northeastern ancient occurrence of the plague-related bacterium, Yersinia pestis. Our findings indicate the highly connected and dynamic nature of northeast Asia populations throughout the Holocene.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Ameen, Carly, et al.
(författare)
-
Specialized sledge dogs accompanied Inuit dispersal across the North American Arctic
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 286:1916
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Domestic dogs have been central to life in the North American Arctic for millennia. The ancestors of the Inuit were the first to introduce the widespread usage of dog sledge transportation technology to the Americas, but whether the Inuit adopted local Palaeo-Inuit dogs or introduced a new dog population to the region remains unknown. To test these hypotheses, we generated mitochondrial DNA and geometric morphometric data of skull and dental elements from a total of 922 North American Arctic dogs and wolves spanning over 4500 years. Our analyses revealed that dogs from Inuit sites dating from 2000 BP possess morphological and genetic signatures that distinguish them from earlier Palaeo-Inuit dogs, and identified a novel mitochondrial clade in eastern Siberia and Alaska. The genetic legacy of these Inuit dogs survives today in modern Arctic sledge dogs despite phenotypic differences between archaeological and modern Arctic dogs. Together, our data reveal that Inuit dogs derive from a secondary pre-contact migration of dogs distinct from Palaeo-Inuit dogs, and probably aided the Inuit expansion across the North American Arctic beginning around 1000 BP.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Ciucani, Marta Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Evolutionary history of the extinct Sardinian dhole
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Current biology : CB. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0445 .- 0960-9822. ; 31, s. 1-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Sardinian dhole (Cynotherium sardous)1 was an iconic and unique canid species that was endemic to Sardinia and Corsica until it became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene.2-5 Given its peculiar dental morphology, small body size, and high level of endemism, several extant canids have been proposed as possible relatives of the Sardinian dhole, including the Asian dhole and African hunting dog ancestor.3,6-9 Morphometric analyses3,6,8-12 have failed to clarify the evolutionary relationship with other canids.We sequenced the genome of a ca-21,100-year-old Sardinian dhole in order to understand its genomic history and clarify its phylogenetic position. We found that it represents a separate taxon from all other living canids from Eurasia, Africa, and North America, and that the Sardinian dhole lineage diverged from the Asian dhole ca 885 ka. We additionally detected historical gene flow between the Sardinian and Asian dhole lineages, which ended approximately 500-300 ka, when the land bridge between Sardinia and mainland Italy was already broken, severing their population connectivity. Our sample showed low genome-wide diversity compared to other extant canids-probably a result of the long-term isolation-that could have contributed to the subsequent extinction of the Sardinian dhole.
|
|
| 9. |
- Dalen, Love, et al.
(författare)
-
Partial Genetic Turnover in Neandertals : Continuity in the East and Population Replacement in the West
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Molecular biology and evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0737-4038 .- 1537-1719. ; 29:8, s. 1893-1897
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remarkably little is known about the population-level processes leading up to the extinction of the neandertal. To examine this, we use mitochondrial DNA sequences from 13 neandertal individuals, including a novel sequence from northern Spain, to examine neandertal demographic history. Our analyses indicate that recent western European neandertals (< 48 kyr) constitute a tightly defined group with low mitochondrial genetic variation in comparison with both eastern and older (> 48 kyr) European neandertals. Using control region sequences, Bayesian demographic simulations provide higher support for a model of population fragmentation followed by separate demographic trajectories in subpopulations over a null model of a single stable population. The most parsimonious explanation for these results is that of a population turnover in western Europe during early Marine Isotope Stage 3, predating the arrival of anatomically modern humans in the region.
|
|
| 10. |
- Feuerborn, Tatiana Richtman, 1993-
(författare)
-
Genomic insights into the population history of circumpolar Arctic dogs
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Siberian and North American Arctic have both borne witness to numerous migrations of humans and with them their dogs. This PhD thesis is based on whole genome data from 22 Siberian dogs and 72 North American Arctic dogs, in addition to 186 mitochondrial genomes Siberian and North American Arctic dogs. Mitochondrial genome data allowed for the identification of migration events that introduced distinct dog populations to North America, associated with different cultural complexes arriving to the region. A novel mitochondrial clade was also identified in dogs from eastern Siberia and Alaska. Genetic analysis was performed to confirm the macroscopic identification of fur used to make clothing in the Arctic in conjunction with stable isotope analyses to explore dietary differences of dog populations across the circumpolar region. The whole genome data generated for this PhD also detected and explored evidence for several gene flow events from West Eurasian dogs into the dogs of Siberia starting 10,900 BP. There was an additional gene flow event that introduced Near East related ancestry to the dogs of the Siberian Steppe before the Late Bronze Age. Dogs carrying this West Eurasian ancestry spread throughout Siberia, reaching northwestern Siberia by the Iron Age, by 2,000 BP. Further gene flow was detected later in Siberia from West Eurasia a thousand years later. North American Arctic dogs universally carry the Near East related ancestry that is seen in Siberian dogs starting in the Bronze Age, showing it had reached the Bering Strait before the ancestors of the Inuit departed Siberia for Alaska. Once in North America Inuit dogs experienced several other gene flow events from pre-contact subarctic dogs, modern European dogs, and wolves. The population structure seen in North American Arctic dogs reflects geography and the subsequent isolation as well as population turnover events associated with catastrophic epidemics in the dog populations. Finally, a simple method was developed to evaluate and remove human contamination from ancient DNA datasets originating from faunal taxa. All together this thesis has compiled genomic information from 94 Arctic dogs to shed light upon the genetic history of these dogs from the early Holocene through to the present day. This dataset has been able to provide insight not only into past dynamics of Arctic dogs but also a much needed resource for understanding and preserving the indigenous dog populations still present in the Arctic that face continued challenges of globalisation and climate change.
|
|
