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Sökning: WFRF:(Ecker C) > Linköpings universitet

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1.
  • Breznau, Nate, et al. (författare)
  • Observing many researchers using the same data and hypothesis reveals a hidden universe of uncertainty
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:44
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study explores how researchers analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens to emphasize the idiosyncrasy of conscious and unconscious decisions that researchers make during data analysis. We coordinated 161 researchers in 73 research teams and observed their research decisions as they used the same data to independently test the same prominent social science hypothesis: that greater immigration reduces support for social policies among the public. In this typical case of social science research, research teams reported both widely diverging numerical findings and substantive conclusions despite identical start conditions. Researchers expertise, prior beliefs, and expectations barely predict the wide variation in research outcomes. More than 95% of the total variance in numerical results remains unexplained even after qualitative coding of all identifiable decisions in each teams workflow. This reveals a universe of uncertainty that remains hidden when considering a single study in isolation. The idiosyncratic nature of how researchers results and conclusions varied is a previously underappreciated explanation for why many scientific hypotheses remain contested. These results call for greater epistemic humility and clarity in reporting scientific findings.
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2.
  • Ecker, Grit, et al. (författare)
  • Accurate optimization models for interference constrained bandwidth allocation in cellular networks
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Computers & Operations Research. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0305-0548 .- 1873-765X. ; 101
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In cellular networks, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is a key metric for link availability and quality. For network planning purposes, a straightforward modeling unfortunately yields numerically difficult optimization models. Further, given a required data rate of a link, its bandwidth consumption depends nonlinearly on the SINR. In this paper, we develop two novel approaches to jointly model SINR-based link availability and bandwidth requirements accurately. The first approach is a set-wise formulation from a users point of view, while the second one exploits discrete channel quality indicators. We compare these formulations with three known approximate approaches numerically, revealing the clear outperformance of our approaches in terms of exactness. Moreover, since the exact models comprise an exponential number of either variables or constraints, we discuss their pros and cons in a further computational study and develop a more efficient algorithm dealing implicitly with the involved constraints. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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