| 1. |
- Hibar, D. P., et al.
(författare)
-
Cortical abnormalities in bipolar disorder: An MRI analysis of 6503 individuals from the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 23:4, s. 932-942
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite decades of research, the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) is still not well understood. Structural brain differences have been associated with BD, but results from neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. To address this, we performed the largest study to date of cortical gray matter thickness and surface area measures from brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of 6503 individuals including 1837 unrelated adults with BD and 2582 unrelated healthy controls for group differences while also examining the effects of commonly prescribed medications, age of illness onset, history of psychosis, mood state, age and sex differences on cortical regions. In BD, cortical gray matter was thinner in frontal, temporal and parietal regions of both brain hemispheres. BD had the strongest effects on left pars opercularis (Cohen's d='0.293; P=1.71 × 10 '21), left fusiform gyrus (d='0.288; P=8.25 × 10 '21) and left rostral middle frontal cortex (d='0.276; P=2.99 × 10 '19). Longer duration of illness (after accounting for age at the time of scanning) was associated with reduced cortical thickness in frontal, medial parietal and occipital regions. We found that several commonly prescribed medications, including lithium, antiepileptic and antipsychotic treatment showed significant associations with cortical thickness and surface area, even after accounting for patients who received multiple medications. We found evidence of reduced cortical surface area associated with a history of psychosis but no associations with mood state at the time of scanning. Our analysis revealed previously undetected associations and provides an extensive analysis of potential confounding variables in neuroimaging studies of BD. © 2018 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hibar, D. P., et al.
(författare)
-
Subcortical volumetric abnormalities in bipolar disorder
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 21:12, s. 1710-1716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Considerable uncertainty exists about the defining brain changes associated with bipolar disorder (BD). Understanding and quantifying the sources of uncertainty can help generate novel clinical hypotheses about etiology and assist in the development of biomarkers for indexing disease progression and prognosis. Here we were interested in quantifying case-control differences in intracranial volume (ICV) and each of eight subcortical brain measures: nucleus accumbens, amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, globus pallidus, putamen, thalamus, lateral ventricles. In a large study of 1710 BD patients and 2594 healthy controls, we found consistent volumetric reductions in BD patients for mean hippocampus (Cohen's d=-0.232; P=3.50 × 10 -7) and thalamus (d=-0.148; P=4.27 × 10 -3) and enlarged lateral ventricles (d=-0.260; P=3.93 × 10 -5) in patients. No significant effect of age at illness onset was detected. Stratifying patients based on clinical subtype (BD type I or type II) revealed that BDI patients had significantly larger lateral ventricles and smaller hippocampus and amygdala than controls. However, when comparing BDI and BDII patients directly, we did not detect any significant differences in brain volume. This likely represents similar etiology between BD subtype classifications. Exploratory analyses revealed significantly larger thalamic volumes in patients taking lithium compared with patients not taking lithium. We detected no significant differences between BDII patients and controls in the largest such comparison to date. Findings in this study should be interpreted with caution and with careful consideration of the limitations inherent to meta-analyzed neuroimaging comparisons. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Podolyák, Zs, et al.
(författare)
-
Neutron-deficient N≈126 Nuclei Produced in 238U Fragmentation : Population of High-spin States
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, and Reactions - FINUSTAR. - : AIP. - 0735403236 - 9780735403239 ; 831, s. 114-118
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a 238U beam has been measured. For states with high angular momentum, I=17 and I=21.5, a higher population than expected has been observed, with the discrepancy increasing with angular momentum. By considering two sources for the angular momentum, related to single-particle and collective motions, a much improved description of the experimental results can be obtained. In addition, new results on the structure of 208Fr, 211Ra and 216Ac are reported.
|
|
| 5. |
- Sellgren, C. M., et al.
(författare)
-
A genome-wide association study of kynurenic acid in cerebrospinal fluid: implications for psychosis and cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 21:10, s. 1342-1350
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the glia-derived N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist kynurenic acid (KYNA) have consistently been implicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study based on CSF KYNA in bipolar disorder and found support for an association with a common variant within 1p21.3. After replication in an independent cohort, we linked this genetic variant-associated with reduced SNX7 expression-to positive psychotic symptoms and executive function deficits in bipolar disorder. A series of post-mortem brain tissue and in vitro experiments suggested SNX7 downregulation to result in a caspase-8-driven activation of interleukin-1 beta and a subsequent induction of the brain kynurenine pathway. The current study demonstrates the potential of using biomarkers in genetic studies of psychiatric disorders, and may help to identify novel drug targets in bipolar disorder.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gladnishki, KA, et al.
(författare)
-
Isomer spectroscopy in the neutron-deficient lead region following projectile fragmentation
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Acta Physica Polonica. Series B: Elementary Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics, Statistical Physics, Theory of Relativity, Field Theory. - 0587-4254. ; 34:4, s. 2395-2398
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Projectile fragmentation of a 750 MeV/nucleon U-238 beam was used to populate neutron-deficient nuclei around A similar to190. Isomeric states in Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, and Po isotopes were identified and their lifetimes determined, with the ultimate aim of measuring their isomeric ratios to provide information on the spin population in such reactions.
|
|
| 7. |
- Podolyak, Z, et al.
(författare)
-
High Angular Momentum States Populated in Fragmentation Reactions
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 632:2-3, s. 203-206
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a U-238 beam has been measured. For states with angular momentum greater than or similar to 20h, a much higher population than expected has been observed. By introducing a collective component to the generation of angular momentum the experimental data can be understood. This is the first time that a collective degree of freedom has be shown to play a major role in such high-energy collisions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 8. |
- Rudolph, D., et al.
(författare)
-
Experimental and shell-model study of excited states in 55Fe29 and related notes on 55Cu26
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 104:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fusion-evaporation reaction 32S+28Si at 125-MeV beam energy was used to populate excited states in 55Fe. Combining the Gammasphere spectrometer with ancillary devices including the Microball CsI(Tl) array and a shell of neutron detectors, a comprehensive level scheme could be derived. The experimental results are compared with theoretical results from shell-model calculations. Taking into account isospin-symmetry breaking terms is found to considerably improve the shell-model description for 55Fe. This motivated a predictive case study of near-yrast states in the mirror nucleus 55Cu.
|
|
| 9. |
- Rudolph, D., et al.
(författare)
-
Low-, medium-, and high-spin states in the N=Z+1 nucleus 63Ga
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 103:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fusion-evaporation reaction 28Si+40Ca at 122 MeV beam energy was used to populate excited states in the N=Z+1 nucleus 63Ga. With the combination of the Gammasphere spectrometer and the Microball CsI(Tl) charged-particle detector array, the level scheme of 63Ga was extended by more than a factor of two in terms of number of γ-ray transitions and excited states, excitation energy (Ex>30 MeV), and angular momentum (I>30 ℏ). Nine regular sequences of states were newly established in the high-spin part of the level scheme. The majority of these rotational band structures could be connected to the previously known part of the level scheme by high-energy γ-ray transitions in the energy range Eγ=4–6 MeV. Low-spin states were assessed by shell-model calculations. The high-spin rotational bands were interpreted and classified by means of cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations.
|
|
| 10. |
- Rudolph, D., et al.
(författare)
-
Onset of high-spin rotational bands in the N=Z nucleus 62Ga
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 102:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fusion-evaporation reaction 28Si + 40Ca at 122 MeV beam energy was used to populate high-spin states in the odd-odd N = Z nucleus 62Ga. With the combination of the Gammasphere spectrometer and the Microball CsI(Tl) charged-particle detector array the decay scheme of 62Ga was extended beyond 10 MeV excitation energy. The onset of band structures was observed. These high-spin rotational states are interpreted and classified by means of cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations.
|
|
