| 1. |
- Zare, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Properties of a New Instrument for Assessing Irrational Thoughts in Burn Victims (Scale of Irrational Thoughts After Burn Injuries)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association.. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1559-047X .- 1559-0488. ; 38:5, s. E834-E841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a scale for assessing irrational thoughts among burned patients. The present study was mixed (qualitative-methodologic) which was performed in several stages such as investigating similar or related scales, interviewing with patients and psychologists. Content validity was calculated by modified KAPPA basis on relevance and clarity. The reliability of the scale was measured using internal consistency and the test-retest method. To determine the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis approach using maximum likelihood extraction with varimax rotation was conducted. A total of 329 burned patients were recruited from Tehran, Tabriz, and Kermanshah provinces of Iran. Modified kappa scores were 0.80 and 0.91 for relevance and clarity of the items included in scale. The Cronbach alpha for overall scale, subscale 1, and subscale 2 were 0.89, 0.88, and 0.8, respectively. Test-retest reliability was also acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.80). The best solution from the maximum likelihood analysis of the 39 items of the scale revealed two factors corresponding to the two subscales with 14 items that subscale 1 (self-acceptance) consisted of 10 statements accounting for 60% of the variance (eigenvalue = 5.04) and subscale 2 (distastefulness and pity) consisted of four statements accounting for 40% of the variance (eigenvalue = 1.53). The scale reflects acceptable levels of validity and reliability in assessing the irrational thoughts among Iranian patients. Moreover, the testing populations of both patients with burned faces and patients with other burned body parts indicates that the scale may also be applicable for patients' burn disfigurements on any part of their bodies.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Baró Pérez, Alejandro, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing the simulated influence of biomass burning plumes on low-level clouds over the southeastern Atlantic under varying smoke conditions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 24:8, s. 4591-4610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biomass burning plumes are frequently transported over the southeast Atlantic (SEA) stratocumulus deck during the southern African fire season (June-October). The plumes bring large amounts of absorbing aerosols and enhanced moisture, which can trigger a rich set of aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions with climatic consequences that are still poorly understood. We use large-eddy simulation (LES) to explore and disentangle the individual impacts of aerosols and moisture on the underlying stratocumulus clouds, the marine boundary layer (MBL) evolution, and the stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition (SCT) for three different meteorological situations over the southeast Atlantic during August 2017. For all three cases, our LES shows that the SCT is driven by increased sea surface temperatures and cloud-top entrainment as the air is advected towards the Equator. In the LES model, aerosol indirect effects, including impacts on drizzle production, have a small influence on the modeled cloud evolution and SCT, even when aerosol concentrations are lowered to background concentrations. In contrast, local semi-direct effects, i.e., aerosol absorption of solar radiation in the MBL, cause a reduction in cloud cover that can lead to a speed-up of the SCT, in particular during the daytime and during broken cloud conditions, especially in highly polluted situations. The largest impact on the radiative budget comes from aerosol impacts on cloud albedo: the plume with absorbing aerosols produces a total average 3 d of simulations. We find that the moisture accompanying the aerosol plume produces an additional cooling effect that is about as large as the total aerosol radiative effect. Overall, there is still a large uncertainty associated with the radiative and cloud evolution effects of biomass burning aerosols. A comparison between different models in a common framework, combined with constraints from in situ observations, could help to reduce the uncertainty.
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| 4. |
- Davidsson, Pia, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical mass spectrometry in neuroscience. Proteomics and peptidomics.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France). - 0145-5680 .- 1165-158X. ; 49:5, s. 681-8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this review we discuss the merits and drawbacks with the use of proteomic and peptidomic strategies for identification of proteins and peptides in their multidimensional interactions in complex biological processes. The progress in proteomics and peptidomics during the last years offer us new challenges to study changes in the protein and peptide synthesis. These strategies also offer new tools to follow post-translational modifications and other disturbed chemical processes that may be indicative of pathophysiological alteration(s). Furthermore these techniques can contribute to improvements in the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, and psychiatric diseases, as depression and post traumatic stress disorders. We also consider different practical aspects of the applications of mass spectrometry in clinical neuroscience, illustrated by example from our laboratories. The new proteomic and peptidomic strategies will further enable the progress for clinical neuroscience research.
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| 5. |
- Seredynski, M., et al.
(författare)
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Benefits and Challenges of Integration of High-Capacity Autonomous Buses to Public Transport Operations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - 2352-1465 .- 2352-1457. ; 72, s. 4191-4198
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-capacity autonomous buses can make bus travel safer, smoother, and more energy efficient. However, despite clear societal and environmental benefits there are still several challenges to be addrebed. In this article we present the outcomes of two research projects focusing on the public acceptance of high-capacity autonomous buses. Results indicate high degree of trust towards automation safety. However, in certain conditions, such as driving alone at night, perceived security appears to be an issue. In such circumstances digital forms of assistance replacing drivers will most likely not guarantee a sufficient degree of security. The paper also argues that bus automation is not a silver bullet to make PT more attractive. Instead, it shall be seen as rather an enabler of new applications allowing to efficiently prioritize PT in traffic flows to make it an attractive choice.
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