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- Enocsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Surrogate Markers of the Type I Interferon Response and Their Ability to Mirror Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-3224. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Type I interferons (IFNs) are central and reflective of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, IFN-alpha levels are notoriously difficult to measure and the type I IFN gene signature (IGS) is not yet available in clinical routine. This study evaluates galectin-9 and an array of chemokines/cytokines in their potential as surrogate markers of type I IFN and/or SLE disease activity.Methods: Healthy controls and well-characterized Swedish SLE patients from two cross-sectional cohorts (n=181; n=59) were included, and a subgroup (n=21) was longitudinally followed. Chemokine/cytokine responses in immune complex triggered IFN-alpha activity was studied in healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Levels of chemokines/cytokines and galectin-9 were measured by immunoassays. Gene expression was quantified by qPCR.Results: The IGS was significantly (p<0.01) correlated with galectin-9 (rho=0.54) and CXCL10 (rho=0.37) levels whereas serum IFN-alpha correlated with galectin-9 (rho=0.36), CXCL10 (rho=0.39), CCL19 (rho=0.26) and CCL2 (rho=0.19). The strongest correlation was observed between galectin-9 and TNF (rho=0.56). IFN-alpha and disease activity (SLEDAI-2K) were correlated (rho=0.20) at cross-sectional analysis, but no significant associations were found between SLEDAI-2K and galectin-9 or chemokines. Several inflammatory mediators increased at disease exacerbation although CCL19, CXCL11, CXCL10, IL-10 and IL-1 receptor antagonist were most pronounced. Immune complex-stimulation of PBMC increased the production of CCL2, CXCL8 and TNF.Conclusion: Galectin-9 and CXCL10 were associated with type I IFN in SLE but correlated stronger with TNF. None of the investigated biomarkers showed a convincing association with disease activity, although CXCL10 and CCL19 performed best in this regard.
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| 2. |
- Svanberg, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Conformational state of C-reactive protein is critical for reducing immune complex-triggered type I interferon response: Implications for pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune diseases imprinted by type I interferon gene dysregulation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Autoimmunity. - : ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0896-8411 .- 1095-9157. ; 135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presence of autoantibodies targeting nuclear constituents, i.e., double-stranded DNA and small nuclear ribonu-cleoproteins (snRNPs), remain a cornerstone in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fc gamma receptor IIa (Fc gamma RIIa) dependent uptake of nucleic acid containing immune complexes (ICs) by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) can activate toll-like receptors (TLRs) such as TLR7 and TLR9 resulting in type I interferon (IFN) production. Pre-viously, the classical liver-derived acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP) has been suggested to reduce IC -induced type I IFN production, whereas monomeric (mCRP) vs. pentameric (pCRP) mediated effects have not yet been unraveled. Herein, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or enriched blood DCs from healthy vol-unteers were stimulated with SLE sera, snRNP-IgG (ICs), or TLR ligands with or without pCRP, mCRP, or anti- Fc gamma RIIa antibody. Type I IFNs and cytokine responses were investigated using quantitative PCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry. pCRP inhibited IFN gene expression in PBMCs and enriched DCs after incubation with ICs, compared to ICs alone, whereas mCRP had significantly less inhibitory effect. The effect was independent on the order in which IC or CRP was added to the cells. In addition, pCRP inhibited IFN induced by other TLR stimulators, implicating broader inhibitory effects induced by pCRP. We demonstrate pronounced immunoregulatory functions of CRP whereas the inhibitory properties were evidently dependent on CRPs intact conformational state. The inhibition of type I IFNs was not due to competition of Fc gamma Rs, or binding of CRP to the ICs. Our findings have implications for autoimmune IC-mediated conditions imprinted by type I IFN gene dysregulation.
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| 3. |
- Wirestam, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Interferon-α coincides with suppressed levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX3) in systemic lupus erythematosus and regulates leucocyte PTX3 in vitro
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 189:1, s. 83-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dysfunctional elimination of cell debris, and the role of opsonins such as pentraxins, is of interest regarding systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. Interferon (IFN)- is typically elevated during SLE flares, and inhibits hepatocyte production of the pentraxin C-reactive protein' (CRP), partly explaining the poor correlation between CRP levels and SLE disease activity. The extrahepatically produced pentraxin 3' (PTX3) shares waste disposal functions with CRP, but has not been studied extensively in SLE. We analysed serum PTX3 in SLE, and assessed its interference with IFN- in vitro. Serum samples from 243 patients with SLE and 100 blood donors were analysed regarding PTX3. Patient sera were analysed for IFN-, and genotyped for three PTX3 single nucleotide polymorphisms reported previously to associate with PTX3 levels. Stimulated PTX3 release was assessed in the presence or absence of IFN- in blood donor neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Serum PTX3 was 44% lower in patients with SLE compared to blood donors (P<00001) and correlated with leucocyte variables. Patients with undetectable IFN- had 29% higher median PTX3 level than patients with detectable IFN- (P=001). PTX3 production by PBMC was inhibited by IFN-, whereas neutrophil degranulation of PTX3 was increased. No differences in PTX3 levels were observed between the SNPs. In conclusion, median serum PTX3 is lower in SLE (especially when IFN- is detectable) compared to blood donors. In addition to its potential consumption during waste disposal, it is plausible that IFN- also attenuates PTX3 by inhibiting synthesis by PBMC and/or exhausting PTX3 storage in neutrophil granules.
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