| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
|
|
| 5. |
- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
-
New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Obesity is associated with coronary artery stenosis independently of metabolic risk factors : the population-based SCAPIS study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 362, s. 1-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Previous studies reported divergent results on whether metabolically healthy obesity is associated with increased coronary artery calcium and carotid plaques. We investigated this in a cross-sectional fashion in a large, well-defined, middle-aged population using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and carotid ultrasound. Methods: In the SCAPIS study (50–65 years, 51% female), CCTA and carotid artery ultrasound were performed in 23,674 individuals without clinical atherosclerotic disease. These subjects were divided into six groups according to BMI (normal weight, overweight, obese) and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to the NCEP consensus criteria. Results: The severity of coronary artery stenosis was increased in individuals with obesity without MetS compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.34–1.62; p < 0.0001), even after adjusting for non-HDL-cholesterol and several lifestyle factors. Such difference was not observed for the presence of carotid artery plaques (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.87–1.02; p = 0.11). Obese or overweight individuals without any MetS criteria (except the waist criterion) showed significantly more pronounced stenosis in the coronary arteries as compared to the normal-weight individuals, while one criterion was needed to show increased plaque prevalence in the carotid arteries. High blood pressure was the most important single criterion for increased atherosclerosis in this respect. Conclusions: Individuals with obesity without MetS showed increased severity of coronary artery stenosis, but no increased occurrence of carotid artery plaques compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS, further emphasizing that obesity is not a benign condition even in the absence of MetS.
|
|
| 7. |
- Perers, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Validation of a dynamic model for unglazed collectors including condensation : Application for standardised testing and simulation in TRNSYS and IDA
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An improved unglazed collector model has been validated for use in TRNSYS and IDA and also for future extension of the EN12975 collector test standard. The basic model is the same as used in the EN12975 test standard in the QDT dynamic method. In this case with the addition of a condensation term that can handle the operation of unglazed collectors below the dew point of the air. This is very desirable for simulation of recharging of ground source energy systems and direct operation of unglazed collectors together with a heat pump. The basic idea is to have a direct connection between collector testing and system simulation by using the same dynamic model and parameters during both testing and simulation. The model together with the parameters will be validated in each test in this way. This work describes the method applied to an unglazed collector operating partly below the dew point under real dynamic weather conditions, for a long period during the autumn 2010. The validation results also show that the model can handle operation of such a collector during the night. This is a common mode of operation for this collector type in a real system.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Eriksson, Owen, et al.
(författare)
-
Commitment Management in the Context of Parallel Business Transactions
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Systems, Signs & Actions. - : Linköpings Universitet. - 1652-8719. ; 3:1, s. 25-57
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to maintain market position, one of the critical issues facing companies is how they can improve their commitment management. In this paper, the concept of commitment management is used to understand how suppliers and customers create mutual commitments in business agreements, and how these commitments are fulfilled. In a number of empirical case studies, commitment management problems have been the direct consequence of deficiencies in the infrastructural support. One example of such lacking infrastructural support are IT systems intended to support this commitment management process. This is of particular interest in a context of commitments created in parallel business transactions that compete for the same delivery capacity. The aim of the paper is to describe, analyse and propose solutions to some of these problems. This paper proposes a necessary extension to a framework for business interaction between suppliers and customers. This extension is based on business action theory, workpractice theory and ideas from yield management.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
