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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Fall Katja 1971 ) ;pers:(Fang Fang)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Fall Katja 1971 ) > Fang Fang

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1.
  • Fall, Tove, et al. (författare)
  • Early Exposure to Dogs and Farm Animals and the Risk of Childhood Asthma
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: JAMA pediatrics. - Stockholm : American Medical Association. - 2168-6203 .- 2168-6211. ; 169:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • IMPORTANCE: The association between early exposure to animals and childhood asthma is not clear, and previous studies have yielded contradictory results.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether exposure to dogs and farm animals confers a risk of asthma.DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: In a nationwide cohort study, the association between early exposure to dogs and farm animals and the risk of asthma was evaluated and included all children born in Sweden from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2010 (N = 1 011 051), using registry data on dog and farm registration, asthma medication, diagnosis, and confounders for parents and their children. The association was assessed as the odds ratio (OR) for a current diagnosis of asthma at age 6 years for school-aged children and as the hazard ratio (HR) for incident asthma at ages 1 to 5 years for preschool-aged children. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2007, to September 30, 2012.EXPOSURES: Living with a dog or farm animal.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Childhood asthma diagnosis and medication used.RESULTS: Of the 1 011 051 children born during the study period, 376 638 preschool-aged (53 460 [14.2%] exposed to dogs and 1729 [0.5%] exposed to farm animals) and 276 298 school-aged children (22 629 [8.2%] exposed to dogs and 958 [0.3%] exposed to farm animals) were included in the analyses. Of these, 18 799 children (5.0%) in the preschool-aged children's cohort experienced an asthmatic event before baseline, and 28 511 cases of asthma and 906 071 years at risk were recorded during follow-up (incidence rate, 3.1 cases per 1000 years at risk). In the school-aged children's cohort, 11 585 children (4.2%) experienced an asthmatic event during the seventh year of life. Dog exposure during the first year of life was associated with a decreased risk of asthma in school-aged children (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81-0.93) and in preschool-aged children 3 years or older (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99) but not in children younger than 3 years (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07). Results were comparable when analyzing only first-born children. Farm animal exposure was associated with a reduced risk of asthma in both school-aged children and preschool-aged children (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.76, and HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56-0.84), respectively.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, the data support the hypothesis that exposure to dogs and farm animals during the first year of life reduces the risk of asthma in children at age 6 years. This information might be helpful in decision making for families and physicians on the appropriateness and timing of early animal exposure.
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2.
  • Kennedy, Beatrice, 1982-, et al. (författare)
  • Stress resilience and cancer risk : a nationwide cohort study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - London, UK : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 71:10, s. 947-953
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Stress resilience is recognised as a determinant of both psychiatric and somatic health, but the potential link between stress resilience and cancer development has not been explored.Methods: In this nationwide cohort study, we examined the association between stress resilience in adolescence and subsequent cancer risk. We identified a cohort of 284 257 Swedish men, born 1952-1956, who underwent compulsory military enlistment examinations including measures of psychological stress resilience (median age 18 years). The resulting score was categorised as low, moderate and high stress resilience. Individuals diagnosed with cancer during the follow-up time were identified through data linkage to the Swedish Cancer Register.Results: Lowest stress resilience, compared with the highest, was associated with increased risks of liver (HR: 4.73, 95% CI 2.73 to 8.19) and lung (HR: 2.75, 95% CI 2.02 to 3.74) cancer after adjusting for markers of socioeconomic circumstances in childhood (p for trend <0.001 for both cancer types). Further adjustment for cognitive and physical fitness at conscription assessment had a marginal influence. In contrast, men with low stress resilience had a decreased risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer (HR: 0.65, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.76) and malignant melanoma (HR: 0.65, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.76).Conclusion: We conclude that adolescent stress resilience, plausibly by influencing behavioural choices and social patterns, constitutes an important determinant of adult cancer occurrence. Increased awareness of longterm consequences in susceptible individuals may help direct future efforts to reduce cancer burden in adults.
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4.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers and liver cancer mortality in a national cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 55:5, s. 597-605
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: β-adrenergic signaling has been implicated in the pathology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the evidence from clinical studies is limited. In this national population-based cohort study, we investigated the possible association of β-adrenergic receptor blockers and cancer-specific mortality among patients with primary HCC diagnosed in Sweden between 2006 and 2014.Methods: Patients were identified from the Swedish Cancer Register (n = 2104) and followed until 31 December 2015. We used Cox regression to evaluate the association of β-blockers dispensed within 90 days prior to cancer diagnosis, ascertained from the national Prescribed Drug Register, with liver cancer mortality identified from the Cause of Death Register, while controlling for socio-demographic factors, tumor characteristics, comorbidity, other medications and treatment procedures.Results: Over a median follow-up of 9.9 months, 1601 patients died (of whom 1309 from liver cancer). Compared with non-use, β-blocker use at cancer diagnosis [n = 714 (predominantly prevalent use, 93%)] was associated with lower liver cancer mortality [0.82 (0.72-0.94); p = .005]. Statistically significant associations were observed for non-selective [0.71 (0.55-0.91); p = .006], β1-receptor selective [0.86 [0.75-1.00); p = .049] and lipophilic [0.78 (0.67-0.90); p = .001] β-blockers. No association was observed for hydrophilic β-blockers [1.01 (0.80-1.28); p = .906] or other antihypertensive medications. Further analysis suggested that the observed lower liver cancer mortality rate was limited to patients with localized disease at diagnosis [0.82 (0.67-1.01); p = .062].Conclusion: β-blocker use was associated with lower liver cancer mortality rate in this national cohort of patients with HCC. A higher-magnitude inverse association was observed in relation to non-selective β-blocker use.
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5.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Beta-Blocker Drug Use and Survival among Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research Inc.. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 77:13, s. 3700-3707
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Preclinical studies have suggested that beta-adrenergic signaling is involved in pancreatic cancer progression. Prompted by such studies, we investigated an association between beta-blocker drug use with improved cancer-specific survival in a large, general population-based cohort of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). All patients diagnosed with a first primary PDAC in Sweden between 2006 and 2009 were identified through the Swedish Cancer Register (n = 2,394). We obtained information about use of beta-blockers and other medications through linkage with the national Prescribed Drug Register. Cancer-specific mortality was assessed using the Swedish Cause of Death Register. We used multivariable Cox regression adjusted for sociodemographic factors, tumor characteristics, comorbidity score, and other medications to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer-specific mortality associated with beta-blocker use during the 90-day period before cancer diagnosis. A total of 2,054 (86%) died, with pancreatic cancer recorded as the underlying cause of death during a maximum of 5-year follow-up (median 5 months). Patients who used beta-blockers (n = 522) had a lower cancer-specific mortality rate than nonusers (adjusted HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.90; P < 0.001). This observed rate reduction was more pronounced among patients with localized disease at diagnosis (n = 517; adjusted HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43-0.83; P = 0.002), especially for users with higher daily doses (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.35-0.83; P = 0.005). No clear rate differences were observed by beta-blocker receptor selectivity. Our results support the concept that beta-blocker drugs may improve the survival of PDAC patients, particularly among those with localized disease.
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6.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Beta-blocker use and lung cancer mortality in a nationwide cohort study of patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : Prevention American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 29:1, s. 119-126
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers have been associated with improved survival among patients with different types of malignancies, but available data for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is contradictory and limited to small hospital-based studies. We therefore aimed to investigate if β-blocker use at the time of cancer diagnosis is associated with lung cancer mortality in the largest general population-based cohort of patients with NSCLC to date.PATIENTS AND METHODS: For this retrospectively defined nationwide cohort study, we used prospectively collected data from Swedish population and health registers. Through the Swedish Cancer Register, we identified 18,429 patients diagnosed with a primary NSCLC between 2006 and 2014 with follow-up to 2015. Cox regression was used to estimate the association between beta-blocker use at time of cancer diagnosis ascertained from the Prescribed Drug Register and cancer-specific mortality identified from the Cause of Death Register.RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 10.2 months, 14,994 patients died (including 13,398 from lung cancer). Compared with non-use, beta-blocker use (predominantly prevalent use, 93%) was not associated with lung cancer mortality [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.01 (0.97-1.06)]. However, the possibility that diverging associations for specific beta-blockers and some histopathological subtypes exist cannot be excluded.CONCLUSION: In this nationwide cohort of NSCLC patients, beta-blocker use was not associated with lung cancer mortality when assessed in aggregate in the total cohort, but evidence for some beta-blockers is less conclusive.IMPACT: Our results do not indicate that beta-blocker use at lung cancer diagnosis reduces the cancer-specific mortality rate in NSCLC patients.
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7.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Stress resilience in late adolescence and survival among cancer patients : a Swedish register-based cohort study
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 28:2, s. 400-408
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Chronic stress has been suggested to play a role in cancer progression, but few studies have so far examined the potential influence of stress susceptibility. This national register-based cohort study utilizes a unique data source to investigate whether a stress resilience measure is associated with survival in cancer patients.METHODS: The cohort includes 9,318 Swedish male cancer patients born during 1952-1956 who had their stress resilience evaluated at a semi-structured interview with a psychologist during mandatory conscription examination in late adolescence.RESULTS: Over a median of 3 years of follow-up from cancer diagnosis, a total of 2,541 patients died (2,322 from cancer). Overall, low (23%) compared with high (25%) stress resilience was associated with increased mortality (adjusted hazard ratio estimated by Cox regression 1.45; 95% confidence interval 1.28-1.65), particularly among men with carcinomas of the oropharynx (2.62, 1.24-5.56), upper respiratory tract (4.64, 1.05-20.41), and prostate (2.20, 1.04-4.62), as well as with Hodgkin's lymphoma (3.52, 1.40-8.86). An association was evident both for cancer types associated with smoking (1.35, 1.10-1.66) and malignancies without an established smoking aetiology (1.32, 1.12-1.56). The association between low stress resilience and mortality could partly be explained by tumour stage, marital status, and psychiatric comorbidity at cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: We observed an association between low stress resilience and mortality among men diagnosed with cancer, particularly, oropharyngeal cancer, upper respiratory tract cancers, prostate cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma.IMPACT: These results suggest that individual variation in stress resilience may influence survival among men with some cancer types.
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8.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971- (författare)
  • Stress susceptibility, beta-blocker use and cancer survival
  • 2020
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic stress may influence tumour biology through activation of neuroendocrine pathways and thus impair survival. However, measuring stressful exposures and their influence on health is challenging, partly due to substantial inter-individual variation in stress susceptibility. The thesis aimed to explore whether stress resilience and use of β-adrenergic receptor blockers, which are implicated in regulation of neuroendocrine stress response pathways, are linked to survival after a primary cancer diagnosis using data from Swedish national registers. In a cohort of male cancer patients born during 1952-1956 who had their stress resilience assessed during a mandatory conscription examination in late adolescence, low compared with high stress resilience was associated with a higher overall mortality rate. Statistically significant reductions in survival were observed among men with carcinomas of the oropharynx, prostate, upper respiratory tract, and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In a cohort of patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma during 2006-2009, β-blocker users had a lower pancreatic cancer mortality rate than non-users, particularly among patients without distant metastases at diagnosis. In a cohort of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer during 2006-2014, there was no clear association between β-blocker use and lung cancer survival, but we cannot exclude the possibility of associations in some sub-groups defined by histology, stage and β-blocker types. In a cohort of patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma during 2006-2014, β-blocker use was associated with lower liver cancer mortality, particularly among patients with localised disease. A higher-magnitude inverse association was observed for non-selective β-blocker use. In conclusion, greater stress resilience and β-blocker use are associated with improved survival among patients with some cancer types, and this may be explained by a variety of pathways.
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9.
  • Wernroth, Mona-Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Dog Exposure During the First Year of Life and Type 1 Diabetes in Childhood
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: JAMA pediatrics. - : AMER MEDICAL ASSOC. - 2168-6203 .- 2168-6211. ; 171:7, s. 663-669
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • IMPORTANCE The association between early exposure to animals and type 1 diabetes in childhood is not clear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether exposure to dogs during the first year of life is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes in childhood. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A nationwide cohort study utilizing high-quality Swedish national demographic and health registers was conducted. A total of 840 593 children born in Sweden from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2010, were evaluated. Type 1 diabetes was identified using diagnosis codes from hospitals and dispensed prescriptions of insulin. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between exposure to dogs and risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood. The possible association was further investigated by performing dose-response and breed group-specific analyses. The cohort was followed up until September 30, 2012. Data analysis was conducted from October 15, 2015, to February 8, 2017. EXPOSURES Having a parent who was registered as a dog owner during the child's first year of life. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. RESULTS Of the 840 593 children reviewed, 408 272 (48.6%) were girls; mean (SD) age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was 5.1 (2.6) years. Dog exposure was identified in 102 035 children (12.1%). Follow-up started at age 1 year, and the children were followed up for as long as 10.7 years (median, 5.5 years). During follow-up, 1999 children developed type 1 diabetes. No association was found between exposure to dogs (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.86-1.16) and type 1 diabetes in childhood. The size of the dog (adjusted HR per 10-cm increase in height, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.86-1.06) or number of dogs in the household (1 dog: adjusted HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.91-1.26; 2 dogs: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.54-1.15; >= 3 dogs: 0.50; 95% CI, 0.23-1.12; compared with nonexposed children) also was not associated with type 1 diabetes risk. An analysis of children whose parent had type 1 diabetes (210 events) yielded an adjusted HR of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.43-1.17) for dog exposure. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In a nationwide study, no evidence supporting an association of register-derived measures of dog exposure with childhood type 1 diabetes was identified.
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10.
  • Bond, Emily, et al. (författare)
  • Sexually transmitted infections after bereavement - a population-based cohort study
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - London, England : BioMed Central. - 1471-2334. ; 16
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Loss of a loved one has consistently been associated with various health risks. Little is however known about its relation to sexually transmitted infections (STIs).Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study during 1987-2012 using the Swedish Multi-Generation Register, including 3,002,209 women aged 10-44 years. Bereavement was defined as death of a child, parent, sibling or spouse (N = 979,579, 33 %). STIs were defined as hospital visits with an STI as main or secondary diagnosis. Poisson regression and negative binomial regression were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of STIs, comparing incidence rates of women who had experienced loss to those who had not.Results: Bereaved women were at significantly higher risk of nearly all STIs studied. The relative risk of any STI was highest during the first year after loss (IRR: 1.45, 95 % CI: 1.27-1.65) and predominantly among women with subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders after bereavement (IRR: 2.61, 95 % CI: 2.00-3.34). Notably, a consistent excess risk, persisting for over five years, was observed for acute salpingitis (IRR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.44), a severe complication of bacterial STIs.Conclusion: These data suggest that women who have experienced bereavement are at increased risk of STIs.
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